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| 2. |
- Staude, I. R., et al.
(författare)
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Directional turnover towards larger-ranged plants over time and across habitats
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecology Letters. - : Wiley. - 1461-023X .- 1461-0248. ; 25:2, s. 466-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller- by larger-ranged species across habitats. Communities shifted in parallel towards more nutrient-demanding species, with species from nutrient-rich habitats having larger ranges. Because these species are typically strong competitors, declines of smaller-ranged species could reflect not only abiotic drivers of global change, but also biotic pressure from increased competition. The ubiquitous component of turnover based on species range size we found here may partially reconcile findings of no net loss in local diversity with global species loss, and link community-scale turnover to macroecological processes such as biotic homogenisation.
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| 3. |
- Sabatini, F. M., et al.
(författare)
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sPlotOpen - An environmentally balanced, open-access, global dataset of vegetation plots
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivation Assessing biodiversity status and trends in plant communities is critical for understanding, quantifying and predicting the effects of global change on ecosystems. Vegetation plots record the occurrence or abundance of all plant species co-occurring within delimited local areas. This allows species absences to be inferred, information seldom provided by existing global plant datasets. Although many vegetation plots have been recorded, most are not available to the global research community. A recent initiative, called 'sPlot', compiled the first global vegetation plot database, and continues to grow and curate it. The sPlot database, however, is extremely unbalanced spatially and environmentally, and is not open-access. Here, we address both these issues by (a) resampling the vegetation plots using several environmental variables as sampling strata and (b) securing permission from data holders of 105 local-to-regional datasets to openly release data. We thus present sPlotOpen, the largest open-access dataset of vegetation plots ever released. sPlotOpen can be used to explore global diversity at the plant community level, as ground truth data in remote sensing applications, or as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring. Main types of variable contained Vegetation plots (n = 95,104) recording cover or abundance of naturally co-occurring vascular plant species within delimited areas. sPlotOpen contains three partially overlapping resampled datasets (c. 50,000 plots each), to be used as replicates in global analyses. Besides geographical location, date, plot size, biome, elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation type, naturalness, coverage of various vegetation layers, and source dataset, plot-level data also include community-weighted means and variances of 18 plant functional traits from the TRY Plant Trait Database. Spatial location and grain Global, 0.01-40,000 m(2). Time period and grain 1888-2015, recording dates. Major taxa and level of measurement 42,677 vascular plant taxa, plot-level records. Software format Three main matrices (.csv), relationally linked.
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| 4. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Maresova, A., et al.
(författare)
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Improved syntheses of P2X(7) ligands based on substituted benzyl amide of pyroglutamic acid motif labelled with iodine-123 or iodine-125
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - 0236-5731.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- P2X(7) sites are emerging targets for molecular imaging research, notably in the context of neurodegeneration and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, we prepared a precursor for (radio)iodination of the P2X(7) ligand VPGIS191. We then developed a radioiodination method with I-123 for SPECT with a radiochemical yield of 71 +/- 13% and I-125 for autoradiography with a radiochemical yield of 85 +/- 6% Autoradiography of [I-125]VPGIS191 in mouse brain cryostat sections demonstrated approximately 36 nM binding affinity and B-max of approximately 400 pmol/gram tissue for P2X(7) binding sites. VPGIS191 (cis) had a two-fold lower affinity compared to its geometric trans-isomer TZ6019.
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| 6. |
- Staude, I. R., et al.
(författare)
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Replacements of small- by large-ranged species scale up to diversity loss in Europe's temperate forest biome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Ecology & Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-334X. ; 4, s. 802-808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The loss of biodiversity at the global scale has been difficult to reconcile with observations of no net loss at local scales. Vegetation surveys across European temperate forests show that this may be explained by the replacement of small-ranged species with large-ranged ones, driven by nitrogen deposition. Biodiversity time series reveal global losses and accelerated redistributions of species, but no net loss in local species richness. To better understand how these patterns are linked, we quantify how individual species trajectories scale up to diversity changes using data from 68 vegetation resurvey studies of seminatural forests in Europe. Herb-layer species with small geographic ranges are being replaced by more widely distributed species, and our results suggest that this is due less to species abundances than to species nitrogen niches. Nitrogen deposition accelerates the extinctions of small-ranged, nitrogen-efficient plants and colonization by broadly distributed, nitrogen-demanding plants (including non-natives). Despite no net change in species richness at the spatial scale of a study site, the losses of small-ranged species reduce biome-scale (gamma) diversity. These results provide one mechanism to explain the directional replacement of small-ranged species within sites and thus explain patterns of biodiversity change across spatial scales.
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| 7. |
- van der Meer, PF, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregates in platelet concentrates
- 2015
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Ingår i: Vox sanguinis. - : Wiley. - 1423-0410 .- 0042-9007. ; 108:1, s. 96-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Ferreira, N., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on individuals with gastrointestinal disorders: A protocol of an international collaborative study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychosomatic Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3999 .- 1879-1360. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health across the globe. People living with a chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorder might be particularly at risk of mental health complications given higher rates of comorbid anxiety and depression compared to the healthy population. As GI disorders affect up to 40% of the population worldwide, this international collaborative study seeks to evaluate the extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GI symptoms specifically and more generally on the well-being of those living with chronic GI conditions. Methods: A longitudinal survey with three time points (baseline, 6-month, and 12-month) will be conducted online. Adult participants with GI disorders from multiple countries will be recruited via patient associations, social media advertising, utilizing snowball sampling. Participants will be invited to complete a battery of questionnaires including demographic and health parameters, and measures of gastrointestinal symptoms, fear of COVID-19, perceived impact of COVID-19, illness perceptions, coping, depression, anxiety, stress, catastroph-izing, and quality of life, using validated measures where available. Statistical analyses will include univariate descriptive models, multivariate models utilizing regression, mediation, and moderation, and latent growth models. Conclusions: This project may present novel information to the field of psychogastroenterology and may provide crucial information regarding the areas of impact for individuals with GI disorders during and following the pandemic. Further, this information can guide healthcare providers and patient associations on how to target support related to the pandemic mental health sequelae for these patients.
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| 9. |
- Karkin, I. N., et al.
(författare)
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Segregation of Mg to generic tilt grain boundaries in Al : Monte Carlo modeling
- 2015
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Ingår i: Materials Physics and Mechanics. - : Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering. - 1605-2730 .- 1605-8119. ; 24:3, s. 201-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of equilibrium segregations at tilt grain boundaries of several different types in Al-Mg alloys has been investigated in the framework of a combined approach, which includes molecular dynamics simulation and thermodynamic Monte Carlo modeling. The concentration profile of Mg distribution in GB vicinity was calculated in dependence on the alloy concentration and temperature. We found that width of segregation on generic GB determined by feature of their structure and is match bigger in comparison with special lowenergy GB. It is shown that segregation formation is control not only energy gain due to moving solute on GB but also interaction between solute atoms; as results, maximal enrichment of GB is not exceed 25 at.%. Possible origins of the formation of extended segregation on GB in materials subjected by severe plastic deformation have been discussed.
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| 10. |
- Petrik, I, et al.
(författare)
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Monazite Behaviour during Metamorphic Evolution of a Diamond-bearing Gneiss : a Case Study from the Seve Nappe Complex, Scandinavian Caledonides
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Petrology. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0022-3530 .- 1460-2415. ; 60:9, s. 1773-1796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monazite is a common mineral in metapelitic rocks including those that underwent ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphism. During metamorphic evolution monazite adapts its composition to the changing mineral assemblage, especially in its heavy rare earth element contents. We studied this process in diamond-bearing gneiss containing monazite, from Saxnas in the Seve Nappe Complex of the Scandinavian Caledonides. Although the rock has been re-equilibrated under granulite-facies and partial melting conditions, it still preserves minerals from the UHP stage: garnet, kyanite, rutile, and especially diamond. Microdiamonds occur in situ as inclusions in garnet, kyanite and zircon, either as single crystals or as polyphase inclusions with Fe-Mg carbonates, rutile and CO2. Both monazite and diamond occur in the rims of garnet showing the highest pyrope content and a secondary peak of yttrium. Such a position indicates thermally activated diffusion under high temperature at the end of prograde metamorphism. Monazite compositions show negative Eu anomalies, which we interpret to be inherited from the source rock, not reflecting the coexistence with plagioclase and/or K-feldspar, which are unstable at UHP conditions. Our results suggest that the effect of whole-rock composition may be more important than that of coexisting phases. The UHP monazite was most probably formed from allanite during subduction and prograde metamorphism. The monazites included in garnet and kyanite are mostly unaltered, whereas those in the matrix show breakdown coronas consisting of apatite, REE-epidote/allanite and REE-carbonate, probably formed as a result of pressure decrease and cooling. U-Th-Pb chemical age dating of monazites yields an isochron centroid age of 472 +/- 3 Ma. We interpret this age as monazite growth under UHP conditions related to subduction of the Baltica continental margin in Early Ordovician time.
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