| 1. |
- Allen, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Association of susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in Sweden with HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles
- 1994
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Ingår i: Human Immunology. - 0198-8859 .- 1879-1166. ; 39:1, s. 41-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association of MS with HLA class II alleles was studied by PCR-based typing of the DQA1, DQB1, DRB1, and DPB1 loci in 94 Swedish patients with relapses and remissions of the disease. The haplotype DRB1*1501-DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 was found to be positively associated and three haplotypes were found to be negatively associated with MS. Linkage disequilibrium makes it difficult to assess whether DRB1 or DQB1 plays the primary role in the disease association, while the association with DPB1 and DQA1 appears to be secondary to that of DQB1 and DRB1. Two of the three haplotypes negatively associated with MS carry the DQB1*0301 allele. Also, the negatively associated DRB1*0401-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0301 haplotype differs from those with nonassociated DRB1*0401-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype only at DQB1. These results suggest that DQB1 alleles, as well as some DRB1 alleles, are involved in susceptibility and protection to MS. In searching for sequence motifs in the DR beta chain associated with MS susceptibility, all DRB1 alleles on haplotypes positively associated with MS, including the DRB1*1501, were found to encode a Val at position 86 of the DR beta chain. Also, DRB1 alleles that are negatively associated with MS all encode a Gly at position 86, suggesting that the residue at position 86 may be critical in conferring susceptibility and protection to MS. Finally, when the effect of the DRB1*1501 haplotype was removed there was no support for the hypothesis that MS is associated with a putative DQ-alpha beta heterodimer, encoded for by certain DQA1 and DQB1 alleles.
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| 2. |
- Calles, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Grunddatadomän transportsystem: Kompletterande underlag till den utforskande förstudien
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I mars 2022 levererade Trafikverket och samverkande myndigheter (Transportstyrelsen, Sjöfartsverket, Luftfartsverket, Trafikanalys och VTI, Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut) en rapport som sammanfattade den utforskande utvecklingen att utreda en grunddatadomän för transportsystemet. Föreliggande rapport är en komplettering till den ursprungliga rapporten och utgör Trafikverkets inklusive samverkande myndigheters sammantagna underlag (utforskande utveckling) för etablering av en grunddatadomän för transportsystemet. Arbetet har bedrivits under ledning av Myndigheten för digital förvaltning (DIGG) med Trafikverket som ansvarig för den utforskande utvecklingen. Till rapporten hör en bilaga, se länk till höger.Ursprunglig rapport: Grunddatadomän transportsystem: Samverkansuppdrag mellan transportmyndigheterna för att bedriva en utforskande utveckling att utreda en grunddatadomän för information kopplat till transportsystemet
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Dimberg, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Facial reactions to happy and angry facial expressions: Evidence for right hemisphere dominance
- 2000
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Ingår i: Psychophysiology. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0048-5772 .- 1469-8986. ; 37:5, s. 693-696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research on asymmetric effects of emotional expression and brain-hemispheric asymmetry has supported opposing theories of hemispheric dominance in the control of emotional reactions. In the present study, 32 subjects were exposed to pictures of happy and angry facial stimuli while facial electromyographic (EMG) activity from the zygomatic major and the corrugator supercilii muscle regions was detected from the left and right sides of the face. The subjects reacted spontaneously and rapidly with larger zygomatic EMG activity to happy facial stimuli and larger corrugator EMG activity to angry stimuli. These distinct reactions were significantly larger on the left side of the face. It is concluded that the present results support the hypothesis that the right brain hemisphere is predominantly involved in the control of spontaneously evoked emotional reactions.
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| 5. |
- Oesterling, Joseph E., et al.
(författare)
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Free, Complexed and Total Serum Prostate Specific Antigen : The Establishment of Appropriate Reference Ranges for their Concentrations and Ratios
- 1995
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Ingår i: The Journal of urology. - 0022-5347. ; 154:3, s. 1090-1095
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) exists in the serum in several molecular forms that can be measured by immunodetectable assays: free PSA, PSA complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (complexed PSA) and total PSA, which represents the sum of the free and complexed forms. We determined the normal distribution of values and established the appropriate reference ranges for these 3 molecular forms of PSA and their ratios (free-to-total, complexed-to-total and free-to-complexed PSA). Knowing the amount and ratio of these molecular forms appears to be useful in enhancing the ability of PSA to distinguish potentially curable prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia and in decreasing the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Materials and Methods: A total of 422 healthy men 40 to 79 years old was randomly chosen from the male population of Olmsted County Minnesota and underwent a detailed clinical examination that included digital rectal examination, serum PSA determination and transrectal ultrasound to exclude the presence of prostate cancer. Using newly developed, monoclonal-monoclonal immunofluorometric assays for each molecular form, the free, complexed and total PSA, and the ratios of these 3 forms were determined for each study participant. Results: All 3 molecular forms correlated directly with patient age (r = 0.45, r = 0.43 and r = 0.45, respectively). Using the 95th percentile, the recommended age-specific reference ranges for the free, complexed and total PSA forms, respectively, are 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ng./ml. for men 40 to 49 years old; 0.7, 1.5 and 3.0 ng./ml. for men 50 to 59 years old; 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ng./ml. for men 60 to 69 years old, and 1.2, 3.0 and 5.5 ng./ml. for men 70 to 79 years old. With regard to each of the ratios (free-to-total, complexed-to-total and free-to-complexed PSA) none correlated with patient age. As a result, the appropriate upper limit of normal (95th percentile) for all 3 ratios is constant for men of all ages. These reference ranges are greater than 0.15 for free-to-total PSA ratio, less than 0.70 for complexed-to-total PSA ratio and greater than 0.25 for free-to-complexed PSA ratio. The free-to-total PSA ratio will have its greatest value for men with a serum PSA value between 2 and 10 ng./ml. Conclusions: The establishment of appropriate reference ranges for free, complexed and total PSA as well as the ratios will allow the practicing urologist to incorporate these new parameters into the diagnostic evaluation of men at risk for early, potentially curable prostate cancer.
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| 6. |
- Saetre, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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From wild wolf to domestic dog : gene expression changes in the brain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-328X .- 1872-6941. ; 126:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the relatively recent divergence time between domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus), the two species show remarkable behavioral differences. Since dogs and wolves are nearly identical at the level of DNA sequence, we hypothesize that the two species may differ in patterns of gene expression. We compare gene expression patterns in dogs, wolves and a close relative, the coyote (Canis latrans), in three parts of the brain: hypothalamus, amygdala and frontal cortex, with microarray technology. Additionally, we identify genes with region-specific expression patterns in all three species. Among the wild canids, the hypothalamus has a highly conserved expression profile. This contrasts with a marked divergence in domestic dogs. Real-time PCR experiments confirm the altered expression of two neuropeptides, CALCB and NPY. Our results suggest that strong selection on dogs for behavior during domestication may have resulted in modifications of mRNA expression patterns in a few hypothalamic genes with multiple functions. This study indicates that rapid changes in brain gene expression may not be exclusive to the development of human brains. Instead, they may provide a common mechanism for rapid adaptive changes during speciation, particularly in cases that present strong selective pressures on behavioral characters.
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| 7. |
- Virtanen, Anders, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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An adenovirus agnogene
- 1983
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 10, s. 2539-2548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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