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- Alfvén, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Low-level cadmium exposure and osteoporosis.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 15, s. 1579-1586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity worldwide. A number of risk factors, such as age and gender, are well established. High cadmium exposure causes renal damage and in severe cases also causes osteoporosis and osteomalacia, We have examined whether long-term Pow-level cadmium exposure increases the risk of osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the forearm was measured in 520 men and 544 women, aged 16-81 years, environmentally or occupationally exposed to cadmium, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technique. Cadmium in urine was used as the dose estimate and protein HC was used: as a marker of renal tubular damage. There was a clear dose-response relation between cadmium dose and the prevalence of tubular proteinuria. Inverse relations were found between cadmium dose, tubular proteinuria, and BMD, particularly apparent in persons over 60 years of age, There was a dose-response relation between cadmium dose and osteoporosis. The odds ratios (ORs) for men were 2.2 (95% CI, 1.0-4.8) in the dose group 0.5-3 nmol Cd/mmol creatinine and 5.3 (2.0-14) in the highest dose category (greater than or equal to 3 nmol/mmol creatinine) compared with the lowest dose group (<0.5 nmol Cd/mmol creatinine). For women, the OR was 1.8 (0.65-5.3) in the dose group 0.53 nmol Cd/mmol creatinine. We conclude that exposure to low levels of cadmium is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis.
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| 2. |
- Bro, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Business, Design and Factor 10 : Sustainable Development in Creative Industries
- 2011
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Ingår i: Local Development and Creative Industries. - Visby : Gotland University. - 9789186343057 ; , s. 125-158
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hällefors is one of the municipalities in Sweden attempting to break free from the traditional corporate structure. While it has a long history of iron and steel production, technology-based industry is now being supplemented by investment in cultural, culinary and design projects. The aim of this chapter is first to chart the progress of the municipality toward sustainable development and secondly to investigate whether there have been any fundamental changes made to the system. This means that we shall consider the adoption of a path-dependent trend and formative instances in local development processes, with a neo-institutional framework as our theoretical guide. One major discovery is that the term ”sustainable development” crops up constantly in daily dialogue and practical application; it appears in municipal strategic and policy declarations, in both preliminary and comprehensive documents, and in sector-oriented programmes. Yet despite the fact that there is clear evidence of sustainable-development thinking, it has not replaced previous models of local development. Although the concept has become familiar, it is not possible to say whether it has actually contributed to fundamental institutional change on the local level.
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| 3. |
- Christensen, Dorit, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Local Development and Creative Industries. - Visby : Gotland University. - 9789186343057 ; , s. 17-32
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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I de stora trendernas brus : kulturella och kreativa näringar på Gotland
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Människor har i alla tider upplevt sig leva i en brytningstid. Historiskt har landskap befolkat av jägare och samlare ersatts av jordbruksland och sedermera industrisamhälle. Tekniska landvinningar och andra kulturella nymodigheter har drivit på förändringen. Behovet av framtidsorienterade, kreativa och innovativa idéer verkar vara konstant. Åtminstone sedan 50 år har forskningen försökt sätta fingret på det postindustriella samhällets bärande epitet och dynamik. Kulturella och kreativa näringar är det senaste i en lång räcka modefraser.I föreliggande antologi – om kulturella och kreativa näringar på Gotland – tas avstamp i ett revolutionstänkande, vilket är ett förhållandevis löst formulerat analytiskt ramverk för att identifiera olika faser i industrisamhällets utveckling. Syftet är att länka samman möjliga framtida utvecklingslinjer med historiska motsvarigheter för att bättre förstå samtidens belägenhet och utmaningar. Nya verksamheter etableras och gamla vitaliseras genom att inympas med olika kulturyttringar och kreativitet.I denna antologi tar nio skribenter, i tolv kapitel, sig an frågan om kulturella och kreativa näringar på Gotland, som ett samspel mellan offentliga, privata och frivilliga aktörer för lokal och regional utveckling. Skribenterna utgörs av fem forskare med varierande ämnestillhörighet, tre personer verksamma i offentlig verksamhet och en egenföretagare. I flertalet kapitel har skribenterna utifrån förd analys engagerat sig utvecklingsdiskussioner med berörda parter. Resultaten av dessa strävanden redovisas i respektive kapitel.
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| 7. |
- Järup, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage : The OSCAR study
- 2000
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 57:10, s. 668-672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives - To study the dose-response relation between cadmium dose and renal tubular damage in a population of workers and people environmentally or occupationally exposed to low concentrations of cadmium. Methods - Early kidney damage in 1021 people, occuptionally or environmentally exposed to cadmium, was assessed from cadmium in urine to estimate dose, and protein HC (a1-microglobulin) in urine to assess tubular pvoteinuria. Results - There was an age and sex adjusted correlation between cadmium in urine and urinary protein HC. The prevalence of tubular proteinuria ranged from 5% among unexposed people to 50% in the most exposed group. The corresponding prevalence odds ratio was 6.0 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6 to 22) for the highest exposure group, adjusted for age and sex. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an increasing prevalence of tubular proteinuria with urinary cadmium as well as with age. After adjusment to the mean age of the study population (53 years), the results show an increased prevalence of 10% tubular proteinuria (taking into account a background prevalence of 5%) at a urinary cadmium concentration of 1.0 nmol/mmol creatinine. Conclusion - Renal tubular damage due to exposure to cadmium develops at lower levels of cadmium body burden than previously anticipated.
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| 9. |
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Local Development and Creative Industries. Empirical, methodological and theoretical reflections.
- 2011
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book presents a wide range of approaches of the study of local development and creative industries. Seven authors´ presents a volume organized in three parts. Part I offers empirical studies on a growing experience economy, and also heritage, design and Factor 10 as a resource for development. Part II offers a methodological study on narrative as a force for company development. This part also offers reflections on interactive knowledge and however development is a prerequisite on localization, regionalization and globalization, neo-institutionalism and symbolic aspects of policy.
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