| 1. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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F17 – Flygvapenövning 2014
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Försvarsmakten genomförde Militärmedicinska forskningsgruppen vid Åstandlaboratoriet vid Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan Stockholm (GIH), en observationsstudie gällande fysiologisk/medicinsk belastning på 14 flygplatsjägare under en fältövning med beteckningen "F 17 - Flygvapenövning 2014".Övningen var indelad i tre etapper, varav den första (c:a 42 tim) och sista (c:a 59 tim) planerades vara mer fysiskt och psykiskt krävande än den mellersta (c:a 114 tim). Registrering av hjärtfrekvens gjordes under hela övningen. Fysiologiska mätningar samt blodprov togs före och efter varje etapp samt efter c:a 12 timmars vila med sedvanliga kost efter övningens avslutande.Beräkningar av energiomsättningen för de tre etapperna inklusive viloperioder var c:a 308, 185 respektive 369 kcal/tim, resulterande i totalt c:a 13 000, 21 100 respektive 21 600 kcal per etapp eller totalt c:a 55 700 kcal för hela övningen. De höga fysiska belastningarna i etapp ett och tre är klart högre än tidigare uppmätta data i svenska och utländska militära operationer. Vissa delar av etapp tre resulterade i fysiska belastningar som var på ungefär samma nivå som vid tävlingar i längre uthållighetsidrotter.Den höga belastningen resulterade i stora förändringar i fysiologiska parametrar och medicinska markörer. Vissa mätningar av muskelstyrka i armar och ben liksom maximal syreupptagning försämrades. Testosteron sjönk under hela övningen kraftigt. Dessa och andra uppmätta data talar för att fysiska arbetsförmågan – i förlängningen "stridsvärdet" – blev klart försämrat under övningen.Mätningen 12 timmar efter övningens avslut visade oväntade resultat. Den subjektiva ansträngningskänslan under standardiserat cykelarbete var klart förbättrat av 12-timmarsvilan efter övningen. Däremot var flertalet medicinska och fysiologiska värden oförändrade jämfört med värden vid testerna 12 timmar tidigare och därmed var de klart lägre än vid testet innan övningens start. Det är uppenbart att återhämtning av stridsvärdet inte kan bedömas subjektivt utan måste avgöras genom reliabla psykologiska och fysiologiska mätningar.Undersökningen har gett underlag för fortsatta studier rörande bland annat typer av energitillskott under övning, olika strategier för snabb återhämtning samt försök att finna markörer för individuella reaktionsmönster på "stridsvärde" under långvariga militära operationer.
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| 2. |
- Ericsson, AnnMarie, et al.
(författare)
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Verification of an industrial rule-based manufacturing system using REX
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st iCEP08 Workshop onComplex Event Processing for the Future Internet Vienna, Austria, September 28th, 2008. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formal methods are not used in their full potential for enhancing software quality in industry. We argue that seamless support in a high-level specification tool is a viable way to provide system designers with powerful and paradigm specific formal verification techniques. Event condition action (ECA) rules can be used to model and implement reactive behavior in, for example, the semantic web. Independently of target system, the behavior of rule-based systems are known to be hard to analyze. The REX tool is a rule-based front-end to the timed automata CASE-tool Uppaal. The model-checker in Uppaal is used by REX enabling seamless support for model-checking rule-based specifications in REX.This paper presents experiences from modeling and verifying a system of industrial complexity as interacting rules using EX. We conclude that repeatedly performing normal analysis when constructing a system with interacting rules is a viable way of coping with the complexity of the model. Additionally, we present an implemented algorithm for optimizing the model to reduce the effect of state-space explosion.
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| 3. |
- Erngren, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Adduct formation in electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography is strongly affected by the inorganic ion concentration of the samples
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1600, s. 174-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)/electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has gained interest for the analysis of polar analytes in bioanalytical applications in recent years. However, ESI-MS is prone to adduct formation of analytes. In contrast to reversed phase chromatography, small inorganic ions have retention in HILIC, i.e. analytes and inorganic ions may co-elute, which could influence the adduct formation. In the present paper, it was demonstrated that the co-elution of sodium ions or potassium ions and analytes in HILIC/ESI-MS affect the adduct formation and that different concentrations of sodium ions and potassium ions in biological samples could have an impact on the quantitative response of the respective adducts as well as the quantitative response of the protonated adduct. The co-elution also lead to cluster formation of analytes and sodium formate or potassium formate, causing extremely complicated spectra. In analytical applications using HILIC/ESI-MS where internal standards are rarely used or not properly matched, great care needs to be taken to ensure minimal variation of inorganic ion concentration between samples. Moreover, the use of alkali metal ion adducts as quantitative target ions in relative quantitative applications should be made with caution if proper internal standards are not used.
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| 4. |
- Gallstedt, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Film Extrusion of Crambe abyssinica/Wheat Gluten Blends
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Visualized Experiments. - : JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS. - 1940-087X. ; :119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crambe abyssinica is a plant with potential for use in industrial (non-food) plant oil production. The side stream from this oil production is a high-protein crambe meal that has limited value, as it is not fit for food or feed use. However, it contains proteins that could potentially make it a suitable raw material for higher-value products. The purpose of this study was to find methods of making this side stream into extruded films, showing that products with a higher value can be produced. The study mainly considered the development of material compositions and methods of preparing and extruding the material. Wheat gluten was added as a supportive protein matrix material, together with glycerol as a plasticizer and urea as a denaturant. The extrudate was evaluated with respect to mechanical (tensile testing) and oxygen barrier properties, and the extrudate structure was revealed visually and by scanning electron microscopy. A denser, more homogeneous material had a lower oxygen transmission rate, higher strength, and higher extensibility. The most homogeneous films were made at an extruder die temperature of 125-130 degrees C. It is shown here that a film can be extruded with promising mechanical and oxygen barrier properties, the latter especially after a final compression molding step.
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| 5. |
- Händel, Peter, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CALIBRATING ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION
- 2000
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A method and system enables ADCs to be calibrated from reference signals with unknown parameters. A given analog reference signal (i(s)(i(t))) is suplied to an ADC (310). The output (i(x)(i(k))) of the ADC (310) is used by calibration logic (320) to estimate at least one parameter of the reference signal (i(s)(i(t))). A FIR filter (455) accepts as input the i(x)(i(k)) signals and outputs an estimate (Å(i(k))) as the sampled instances of the i(s)(i(t)) signal. A reconstruction table (So,...,SM-1) is created that approximates the analog input signal in the digital domain using the knowledge of the analog input signal waveform type. The actual ADC outputs (i(x)(i(k))) are compared to the values in the reconstruction table (So,...,SM-1) to produce a correction table (350) for calibration. A continuous time reference signal may be utilized for training the correction table (350). The method and system is data adaptive, so it may be applied, for example, with any sinusoidal reference input.
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| 6. |
- Lindell Jonsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Radiation Response in Two Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines Through Metabolic Profiling
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2234-943X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide. Radiotherapy, with or without surgery, represents the major approach to curative treatment. However, not all tumors are equally sensitive to irradiation. It is therefore of interest to apply newer system biology approaches (e.g., metabolic profiling) in squamous cancer cells with different radiosensitivities in order to provide new insights on the mechanisms of radiation response. In this study, two cultured HNSCC cell lines from the same donor, UM-SCC-74A and UM-SCC-74B, were first genotyped using Short Tandem Repeat (STR), and assessed for radiation response by the means of clonogenic survival and growth inhibition assays. Thereafter, cells were cultured, irradiated and collected for subsequent metabolic profiling analyses using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). STR verified the similarity of UM-SCC-74A and UM-SCC-74B cells, and three independent assays proved UM-SCC-74B to be clearly more radioresistant than UM-SCC-74A. The LC-MS metabolic profiling demonstrated significant differences in the intracellular metabolome of the two cell lines before irradiation, as well as significant alterations after irradiation. The most important differences between the two cell lines before irradiation were connected to nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism and purine metabolism. In the more radiosensitive UM-SCC-74A cells, the most significant alterations after irradiation were linked to tryptophan metabolism. In the more radioresistant UM-SCC-74B cells, the major alterations after irradiation were connected to nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, purine metabolism, the methionine cycle as well as the serine, and glycine metabolism. The data suggest that the more radioresistant cell line UM-SCC-74B altered the metabolism to control redox-status, manage DNA-repair, and change DNA methylation after irradiation. This provides new insights on the mechanisms of radiation response, which may aid future identification of biomarkers associated with radioresistance of cancer cells.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Nils-Krister, et al.
(författare)
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Re: en ny samhällssektor spirar
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Resurser och hållbarhet är nära förknippade. Hållbarhet innebär att hushålla med resurser - materiella, miljömässiga och mänskliga. Och hushållning är per definition kärnan i ekonomi. Man börjar alltmer se framväxten av en hel arsenal av verktyg och förhållnings- och angreppssätt för att bygga hållbarhet. Detta förenas av ett synsätt att det som hitintills setts om avfall och värdelöst, och rent utav besvärligt att ta hand om, nu blir en värdefull resurs. Det glömda och gömda kommer åter. Faktum är att många ord och begrepp kring detta börjar på just åter- eller re- . Internationellt talar man om Redesign, Recycling, Remake, Recycle, Recraft, Reuse, Recreate, Reclaim, Reduce, Repair, Refashion.Vad är då allt detta? Ja, vill man dra det långt, är det inte mindre än framväxten av ett nyvunnet sätt att tänka, ja av en ny samhällssektor, en bransch och en industri, sammanbundet av filosofin att återanvändningen, spillminskningen, vidarebruket, efterlivet anses som viktiga faktorer för ett miljömedvetet samhälle. Re: blir paraplytermen för detta. I denna antologi av forskare från skilda discipliner vid Högskolan i Borås lyfts ett antal av dessa begrepp inom Re: fram.
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| 8. |
- PETTERSSON, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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FULL SCALE CALIBRATION OF ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION
- 2000
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Methods and arrangements enable ADCs (105) to be calibrated from reference signals with unknown parameters and/or with amplitudes that exceed the dynamic range of the ADCs (105). A given analog reference signal s(t) is supplied to an ADC (105). The output x(k) of the ADC (105) is used by calibration logic (320) to estimate at least one paramater of the reference signal. A FIR filter (455) accepts as input the x(k) signals and outputs and estimate ((k)) as the sampled instances of thes(t) signal. A reconstruction table is created that approximates the analog input signal in the digital domain using the knowledge of the analog input signal waveform type. The actual ADC (105) outputs are compared to the values in the reconstruction table to produce a correction table (350) for calibration. In an alternative embodiment, calibration logic (320) interpolates the output (x(k)) of the ADC (105) to reconstruct clipped portion(s) of the input analog reference signal s(t) when the amplitude of the input analog reference signals s(t) exceeds the full swing of the ADC (105). The FIR filter can thereafter use the reconstructed signal from the interpolation.
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| 9. |
- Pirttilä, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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An LCMS-based untargeted metabolomics protocol for cochlear perilymph : highlighting metabolic effects of hydrogen gas on the inner ear of noise exposed Guinea pigs
- 2019
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Ingår i: Metabolomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-3882 .- 1573-3890. ; 15:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is an increasing problem in society and accounts for a third of all cases of acquired hearing loss. NIHL is caused by formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cochlea causing oxidative stress. Hydrogen gas (H-2) can alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress and can be easily administered through inhalation.Objectives To present a protocol for untargeted metabolomics of guinea pig perilymph and investigate the effect of H-2 administration on the perilymph metabolome of noise exposed guinea pigs.Methods The left ear of guinea pigs were exposed to hazardous impulse noise only (Noise, n = 10), noise and H-2 (Noise + H2, n = 10), only H-2 (H2, n = 4), or untreated (Control, n = 2). Scala tympani perilymph was sampled from the cochlea of both ears. The polar component of the perilymph metabolome was analyzed using a HILIC-UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics protocol. Multivariate data analysis (MVDA) was performed separately for the exposed- and unexposed ear.Results MVDA allowed separation of groups Noise and Noise + H2 in both the exposed and unexposed ear and yielded 15 metabolites with differentiating relative abundances. Seven were found in both exposed and unexposed ear data and included two osmoprotectants. Eight metabolites were unique to the unexposed ear and included a number of short-chain acylcarnitines.Conclusions A HILIC-UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based protocol for untargeted metabolomics of perilymph is presented and shown to be fit-for-purpose. We found a clear difference in the perilymph metabolome of noise exposed guinea pigs with and without H-2 treatment.
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| 10. |
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