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- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 3. |
- Garretson, Ian C., et al.
(författare)
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Hypothetical Sustainability Axioms for Axiomatic Design With an Application in Grinding Machine Design
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. - New York : AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. - 9780791850756 ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design of a high precision machine tool presents one main goal for an engineer: to maximize productivity while minimizing resource inputs and wasted outputs. Incorporating additional design requirements to improve the sustainability of the machine tool presents challenges to design engineers. Should productivity be sacrificed for resource efficiency improvements? Previous tools used for incorporating sustainability principles into design provide guidance but lack necessary detail for making informed decisions, or the tools rely on the engineer's previously developed knowledge in sustainable design. Axiomatic design, being an already accepted system design framework, provides an opportunity to incorporate sustainability considerations into the core of design activities rather than having sustainability be a side activity. A methodology for designing sustainable machine tools using axiomatic design is presented, and a case study on a grinding machine is investigated. A list of hypothetical sustainability axioms are proposed, similar to how the original axioms of axiomatic design were proposed. The axioms are then discussed using the example of a grinding machine tool.
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- Peukert, S, et al.
(författare)
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The frequency of occurrence of anti-cardiac receptor autoantibodies and their correlation with clinical manifestation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Autoimmunity. - 0891-6934. ; 29:4, s. 291-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of occurrence of autoantibodies against G-protein coupled cardiovascular receptors and their relation to the clinical manifestation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Autoantibodies against beta1-receptors, Muscarin-2-receptors, Angiotensin-II-receptor subtype 1 and alpha1-receptors were determined with ELISA in 52 patients with HCM (37 male, 15 female, mean age 55 +/- 15 years) and 40 healthy, age and sex matched controls. The clinical characterization of the HCM-patients included ECG, 24-h Holter, and echocardiography. The results showed that there is no significant difference in the frequency of a single autoantibody between HCM-patients and controls. However, if the number of patients who have autoantibodies against beta1-receptors and/or Muscarin-2-receptors were counted together, there are significantly more autoantibodies in HCM compared to controls (11 vs. 2, p = 0.035). Analysis of clinical data from this pooled group of patients showed that in patients with autoantibodies, heart rate variability (HRV), ultra low frequency (ULF) and very low frequency (VLF) were decreased (HRV by 20%, ULF by 50%, and VLF by 46%, p < 0.008) whereas the QTc-interval was increased by 8% (p < 0.02 each). The ratio of septal to posterior wall thickness was increased by 23% (p = 0.05), and the preejection period was prolonged by 46% in patients with autoantibodies (p < 0.001). These results suggest that the existence of these autoantibodies could be associated with an advanced stage or a severe manifestation of HCM.
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