| 1. |
- Naehrlich, L., et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in people with cystic fibrosis in Europe between February and June 2020
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-1993. ; 20:4, s. 566-577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Viral infections can cause significant morbidity in cystic fibrosis (CF). The current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic could therefore have a serious impact on the health of people with CF (pwCF). Methods: We used the 38-country European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry (ECFSPR) to collect case data about pwCF and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: Up to 30 June 2020, 16 countries reported 130 SARS-CoV-2 cases in people with CF, yielding an incidence of 2.70/10 0 0 pwCF. Incidence was higher in lung-transplanted patients (n = 23) versus non transplanted patients (n = 107) (8.43 versus 2.36 cases/10 0 0). Incidence was higher in pwCF versus the age-matched general population in the age groups < 15, 15-24, and 25-49 years (p < 0.001), with similar trends for pwCF with and without lung transplant. Compared to the general population, pwCF (regardless of transplantation status) had significantly higher rates of admission to hospital for all age groups with available data, and higher rates of intensive care, although not statistically significant. Most pwCF recovered (96.2%), however 5 died, of whom 3 were lung transplant recipients. The case fatality rate for pwCF (3.85%, 95% CI: 1.26-8.75) was non-significantly lower than that of the general population (7.46%; p = 0.133). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in severe illness and death for pwCF, even for younger patients and especially for lung transplant recipients. PwCF should continue to shield from infection and should be prioritized for vaccination. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Cystic Fibrosis Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )
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| 2. |
- Jung, A, et al.
(författare)
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Factors for severe outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with cystic fibrosis in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: ERJ open research. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 7:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) can lead to severe outcomes.MethodsIn this observational study, the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry collected data on pwCF and SARS-CoV-2 infection to estimate incidence, describe clinical presentation and investigate factors associated with severe outcomes using multivariable analysis.ResultsUp to December 31, 2020, 26 countries reported information on 828 pwCF and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Incidence was 17.2 per 1000 pwCF (95% CI: 16.0–18.4). Median age was 24 years, 48.4% were male and 9.4% had lung transplants. SARS-CoV-2 incidence was higher in lung-transplanted (28.6; 95% CI: 22.7–35.5) versus non-lung-transplanted pwCF (16.6; 95% CI: 15.4–17.8) (p≤0.001).SARS-CoV-2 infection caused symptomatic illness in 75.7%. Factors associated with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection were age >40 years, at least one F508del mutation and pancreatic insufficiency.Overall, 23.7% of pwCF were admitted to hospital, 2.5% of those to intensive care, and regretfully 11 (1.4%) died. Hospitalisation, oxygen therapy, intensive care, respiratory support and death were 2- to 6-fold more frequent in lung-transplanted versus non-lung-transplanted pwCF.Factors associated with hospitalisation and oxygen therapy were lung transplantation, cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD), moderate or severe lung disease and azithromycin use (often considered a surrogate marker for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and poorer lung function).ConclusionSARS-CoV-2 infection yielded high morbidity and hospitalisation in pwCF. PwCF with forced expiratory volume in 1 s <70% predicted, CFRD and those with lung transplants are at particular risk of more severe outcomes.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kaas, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association between age, IL-10, IFN gamma, stimulated C-peptide and disease progression in children with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 29:6, s. 734-741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The relation of disease progression and age, serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) and their genetic correlates were studied in paediatric patients with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes.METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-seven patients from the Hvidoere Study Group were classified in four different progression groups as assessed by change in stimulated C-peptide from 1 to 6 months. CA repeat variants of the IL-10 and IFNγ gene were genotyped and serum levels of IL-10 and IFNγ were measured at 1, 6 and 12 months.RESULTS: IL-10 decreased (P < 0.001) by 7.7% (1 month), 10.4% (6 months) and 8.6% (12 months) per year increase in age of child, while a twofold higher C-peptide concentration at 1 month (p = 0.06), 6 months (P = 0.0003) and 12 months (P = 0.02) was associated with 9.7%, 18.6% and 9.7% lower IL-10 levels, independent of each other. IL-10 concentrations did not associate with the disease progression groups. By contrast, IFNγ concentrations differed between the four progression groups at 6 and 12 months (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively); patients with rapid progressing disease had the highest levels at both time points. Distribution of IL-10 and IFNγ genotypes was equal among patients from the progression groups.CONCLUSION: IL-10 serum levels associate inversely with age and C-peptide. As age and C-peptide also associate, a triangular association is proposed. Genetic influence on IL-10 production seems to be masked by distinct disease mechanisms. Increased serum IFNγ concentrations associate with rapid disease progression. Functional genetic variants do not associate with a single progression pattern group, implying that disease processes override genetically predisposed cytokine production.
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| 5. |
- Barone, Giovanni D., et al.
(författare)
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Recent developments in the production and utilization of photosynthetic microorganisms for food applications
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 9:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growing use of photosynthetic microorganisms for food and food-related applications is driving related biotechnology research forward. Increasing consumer acceptance, high sustain-ability, demand of eco-friendly sources for food, and considerable global economic concern are among the main factors to enhance the focus on the novel foods. In the cases of not toxic strains, photosynthetic microorganisms not only provide a source of sustainable nutrients but are also potentially healthy. Several published studies showed that microalgae are sources of accessible protein and fatty acids. More than 400 manuscripts were published per year in the last 4 years. Furthermore, industrial approaches utilizing these microorganisms are resulting in new jobs and services. This is in line with the global strategy for bioeconomy that aims to support sustainable development of bio-based sectors. Despite the recognized potential of the microalgal biomass value chain, significant knowledge gaps still exist especially regarding their optimized production and utilization. This review highlights the potential of microalgae and cyanobacteria for food and food-related applications as well as their market size. The chosen topics also include advanced production as mixed microbial communities, production of high-value biomolecules, photopro-duction of terpenoid flavoring compounds, their utilization for sustainable agriculture, applica-tion as source of nutrients in space, and a comparison with heterotrophic microorganisms like yeast to better evaluate their advantages over existing nutrient sources. This comprehensive assessment should stimulate further interest in this highly relevant research topic.
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| 6. |
- Kanis, John A, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of fracture risk.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis international. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 16:6, s. 581-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD). There are a number of clinical risk factors that provide information on fracture risk over and above that given by BMD. The assessment of fracture risk thus needs to be distinguished from diagnosis to take account of the independent value of the clinical risk factors. These include age, a prior fragility fracture, a parental history of hip fracture, smoking, use of systemic corticosteroids, excess alcohol intake and rheumatoid arthritis. The independent contribution of these risk factors can be integrated by the calculation of fracture probability with or without the use of BMD. Treatment can then be offered to those identified to have a fracture probability greater than an intervention threshold.
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