| 1. |
- Mansourian, Ali, et al.
(författare)
-
Geospatial Technologies for All: Preface
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Geospatial technologies for all : Selected Papers of the 21st AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science - Selected Papers of the 21st AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1863-2246 .- 1863-2351. - 9783319782072 - 9783319782089 ; part F3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
- Pilesjö, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
Harmonizing GIS Education: South - North Perspectives : Lessons learnt from Mozambique, Rwanda, Sweden, and Uganda
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Geospatial Technologies for All : short papers, posters and poster abstracts of the 21th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science. Lund University 12-15 June 2018, Lund, Sweden - short papers, posters and poster abstracts of the 21th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science. Lund University 12-15 June 2018, Lund, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to critically examine, discuss, draw conclusions, and come up with ideas how to harmonize GIS education in order to realize the envisaged clientele benefits globally. The paper draws experiences and lessons learnt, with examples from ongoing joint GIS MSc programs/courses being implemented in Mozambique, Rwanda, and Uganda. All the five courses (3 in Uganda, 1 in Mozambique, and 1 in Rwanda) are currently financially supported by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) capacity development and institutional development grants. The GIS programmes and course units in the southern institutions have a high demand from clients, especially at graduate level. However, their implementation and uptake is impeded by challenges like credit systems, pedagogic approach, field work, student interaction, and software, which are discussed. It is concluded that there is still a long way to go before harmonization, allowing GIS students to freely move between different countries during their education, is possible. Low/no cost exchange of teachers and “best practice” are identified as important initial steps to reach harmonization, focusing on younger teachers, as well as exchange of material and use of open source GIS software.
|
|
| 3. |
- Pilesjö, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
Root system estimation based on satellite remote sensing : An applied study in Eastern Uganda
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Geospatial Technologies for All : short papers, posters and poster abstracts of the 21th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science. Lund University 12-15 June 2018, Lund, Sweden - short papers, posters and poster abstracts of the 21th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science. Lund University 12-15 June 2018, Lund, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The density of roots is an important factor influencing the rate and magnitude of landslides. Due to the increased variability in climate, mainly rainfall, Eastern Uganda is severely struck by an increasing number of these mass movements, often with human casualties as one of the negative impacts. The aim of this study is to explore the possibility to estimate the depth and density of the root system influencing the resistance to landslides, from satellite remote sensing data. 104 samples were collected in field, where the root system was classified into 5 different classes, from non-existing to dense and deep (forest). The study was carried out in the Mount Elgon area located at the Ugandan-Kenyan border. The field data were then compared with 30 m Landsat TM data, in order to investigate possible links between reflectance (single bands as well as indices) and ground truth data. The results indicate that, following this methodology, it is not possible to estimate the root system density based on the remotely sensed data, since the maximum Cohen’s kappa value of 0.081 is judged deficient.
|
|
| 4. |
- Abdelhady, Dalia, et al.
(författare)
-
The Nile and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam: Is There a Meeting Point between Nationalism and Hydrosolidarity?
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education. - 1936-704X. ; 155:1, s. 73-82
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The soon-to-be completed Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), which will be the largest hydroelectric power plant and among the largest reservoirs in Africa, has highlighted the need for expanding traditional integrated water resources management to better include the cultural, social, and political complexities of large water infrastructure in development projects. The GERD will store a maximum of 74 billion cubic meters of water corresponding to approximately the average annual outflow of the Nile from the Aswan high dam. Undoubtedly, the GERD will be vital for energy production and a key factor for food production, economic development, and poverty reduction in Ethiopia and the Nile Basin. However, the GERD is also a political statement that in one stroke has re-written the hydropolitical map of the Nile Basin. The GERD has become a symbol of Ethiopian nationalism or “renaissance” (hidase in Amharic). A contrasting concept to nationalism is hydrosolidarity. This concept has been put forward to better stress equitable use of water in international water management challenges that would lead to sustainable socioeconomic development. We use the opposing notions of nationalism and hydrosolidarity at three different scales, everyday politics, state policies, and interstate and global politics to analyse some aspects of the new hydropolitical map of the Nile Basin. We argue that nationalism and national interests are not necessarily negative standpoints but that there may instead be a meeting point where regional and national interests join with hydrosolidarity principles. We believe that this meeting point can maximize not only the common good, but also the good from a national interest point of view. For this, it is important not increase collaboration instead of being locked in to the historical narrative of nationalistic culture and historical discourse. This would benefit and improve future sustainability.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ahangarcani, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
-
Predictive risk mapping of human leptospirosis using support vector machine classification and multilayer perceptron neural network
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Geospatial health. - : PAGEPress Publications. - 1827-1987 .- 1970-7096. ; 14:1, s. 53-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found wherever human is in direct or indirect contact with contaminated water and environment. Considering the increasing number of cases of this disease in the northern part of Iran, identifying areas characterized by high disease incidence risk can help policy-makers develop strategies to prevent its further spread. This study presents an approach for generating predictive risk maps of leptospirosis using spatial statistics, environmental variables and machine learning. Moran's I demonstrated that the distribution of leptospirosis cases in the study area in Iran was highly clustered. Pearson’s correlation analysis was conducted to examine the type and strength of relationships between climate and topographical factors and incidence of the disease. To handle the complex and nonlinear problems involved, machine learning based on the support vector machine classification algorithm and multilayer perceptron neural network was exploited to generate annual and monthly predictive risk maps of leptospirosis distribution. Performance of both models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve and Kappa coefficient. The output results demonstrated that both models are adequate for the prediction of the probability of leptospirosis incidence.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ahlström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved accessibility modeling and its relation to poverty - A case study in Southern Sri Lanka
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Habitat International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-3975. ; 35:2, s. 316-326
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many studies have found close relationships between accessibility and various socio-economic indicators. Yet, since accessibility tends to have differentiated effects, both socially and spatially, there is a need for a model which allows for a disaggregated analysis of accessibility. The model should be possible to use in areas where road network data is incomplete. In this paper such an accessibility model is developed, using a raster-based approach in a Geographical Information System (GIS). One important factor in accessibility modeling is to estimate the traveling speed on different landscape entities. This paper develops a method where local knowledge and physical geographical data are integrated in the GIS model. From the interview data the best door-to-door traveling speeds of three road classes were estimated. The results from these calculations have been used as frictions for a cost surface. The analysis shows strong relationships between poverty indicators and estimated spatial accessibility, stronger than the commonly used accessibility measure of Euclidian distance. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Ardö, J., et al.
(författare)
-
On the accuracy of the global positioning system-a test using a hand-held receiver
- 1992
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Remote Sensing. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0143-1161 .- 1366-5901. ; 13:16, s. 3229-3233
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of location (x, y and z) using a Magellan GPS NAV 1000 receiver. The position of a known reference point was compared with 50 fix points measured in two-dimensional (2D) mode (x, y) and with 50 fix points measured in three-dimensional (3D) mode (x, y and z). The mean errors and the root mean square errors (RMSE) in the Euclidian distances between the reference poinl and the measured fix points were 17.9m and 20.0m respectively for the 2D measurements, and 25.7m and 34.8m respectively for the 3D measurements. The mean error in elevation was 0-2 m and the corresponding RMSE was 39.1 m. The study indicates a significant difference in the total error (Euclidian distance) between points obtained with different signal qualities and different geometric qualities. The error in the Euclidian distance never exceeded 44.0 m using 2D mode, which suggests that the Magellan GPS NAV 1000 receiver should be a useful supportive tool for many remote sensing applications.
|
|
| 9. |
- Aturinde, Augustus, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of spatial co-occurrence between cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality and its spatial variation among the Swedish elderly (2010–2015)
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Applied Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-6228. ; 125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CVD and cancer are the two leading causes of death worldwide. Improvement in cancer early detection and treatment has resulted in an increased number of cancer survivors. However, many of the survivors tend to develop CVD often leading to their demise. Conversely, people with pre-existing CVD conditions, especially the elderly, have increased chances of developing cancer and dying from the same. The World Health Organization, consequently, recommends joint management of both diseases. However, in Sweden, as with many other countries, few studies have explored the nature of the associations between the two disease mortalities and their spatial variation at a population level. This study uses correlation, global Moran's index and global bivariate Moran's index to investigate national trends of cancer and CVD crude mortality rates in the Swedish elderly. Spatial scan statistics, spatial overlay and local entropy maps were used to analyse for spatial co-occurrence, local joint spatial clustering and associations in the 2010–2015 cancer and CVD crude mortality rates for the Swedish elderly (65+ years). Mortality data were obtained from the Swedish Healthcare Registry. Our results showed that throughout the years of study, the correlation between cancer and CVD crude mortality rates was averagely positive. Spatial correlation analysis (univariate and bivariate) showed that the contribution of the neighbourhood mortality rates to the observed mortality rates was weak, though significant. From cluster analysis, the cancer and CVD crude mortality rates showed differences in clustering spatial scales with CVD clustering at a smaller scale. Finally, local entropy maps showed that cancer and CVD crude mortality rates were not always related across Sweden, but whenever they were, the relationship was mainly positive and linear. This study contributes to cancer and CVD public health efforts in Sweden by identifying areas where the two causes of death spatially co-occur, and where the two exhibit no spatial overlap. This provides a valuable starting ground for more focused studies to identify local drivers and/or informs coordinated targeted intervention in both causes of death.
|
|
| 10. |
- Aturinde, Augustus, et al.
(författare)
-
Establishing spatially-enabled health registry systems using implicit spatial data pools: case study - Uganda
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6947. ; 19:1, s. 215-215
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Spatial epidemiological analyses primarily depend on spatially-indexed medical records. Some countries have devised ways of capturing patient-specific spatial details using ZIP codes, postcodes or personal numbers, which are geocoded. However, for most resource-constrained African countries, the absence of a means to capture patient resident location as well as inexistence of spatial data infrastructures makes capturing of patient-level spatial data unattainable.METHODS: This paper proposes and demonstrates a creative low-cost solution to address the issue. The solution is based on using interoperable web services to capture fine-scale locational information from existing "spatial data pools" and link them to the patients' information.RESULTS: Based on a case study in Uganda, the paper presents the idea and develops a prototype for a spatially-enabled health registry system that allows for fine-level spatial epidemiological analyses.CONCLUSION: It has been shown and discussed that the proposed solution is feasible for implementation and the collected spatially-indexed data can be used in spatial epidemiological analyses to identify hotspot areas with elevated disease incidence rates, link health outcomes to environmental exposures, and generally improve healthcare planning and provisioning.
|
|
