| 1. |
- Revin, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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A Study of a Narrow-Band Receiving System of Cold-Electron Bolometers for the 220 and 240 GHz Channels using an Oscillator Based on the High-Temperature YBCO Superconductor
- 2019
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Ingår i: Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics (English Translation of Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0033-8443 .- 1573-9120. ; 62:7-8, s. 556-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the resonant properties of a single cell of a receiving system based on cold-electron bolometers (CEBs) with a double-slot antenna and curved coplanar lines, which is intended for receiving a signal in the range 220–240 GHz with a bandwidth of 5%. The resonant properties of a CEB located on the cryostat plate with a temperature of 0.3 K, are measured using an oscillator based on high-temperature superconductor (HTS) of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), placed inside the same cryostat on a plate with a temperature of 4 K, which allows one to obtain smooth amplitude-frequency characteristics.
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| 2. |
- Kuzmin, Leonid, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Multichroic seashell antenna with internal filters by resonant slots and cold-electron bolometers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Superconductor Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 32:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed and realized a novel multichroic seashell antenna with internal bandpass filters by resonant slots and cold-electron bolometers (CEB). Slots and CEBs are connected by coplanar waveguides (CPW) instead of microstrip lines to realize the most reliable single-layer technology. The internal resonance is organized by a series resonance of slots with CPW and capacitances of superconductor/insulator/normal (SIN) tunnel junctions. In contrast, a conventional multichroic pixel consists of a wideband sinuous antenna coupled to TES detectors by long microstrip lines with overlap and external on-chip filters for different frequency bands. A common problem with a conventional multichroic pixel is that the beam width is frequency dependent for different frequency bands. Besides that, this system with external filters is quite large and includes long microstrip lines with unavoidable overlap and rater high losses. The multichroic seashell antenna with internal resonances avoids all these problems. The main advantage of this antenna is an opportunity to tune separate pairs of phased slots for each frequency band independently. We used pairs of lambda/2 slots for 75 and 105 GHz, connected by CPW to CEBs. The connection of CPW to slots was shifted closer to the end of slots for proper RF matching. Each CEB included two SIN junctions and an absorber. SIN junctions had capacitances of 77 and 67 fF. Wave impedance of the antenna was near 50 Ohm and resistance of the absorber was matched to this value. RF testing was done at 314 mK irradiating this chip by frequency sweep of a generator from 78-118 GHz. The response curves have shown clear resonances around 75 and 105 GHz with a quality factor around 5. These experiments confirmed that the seashell antenna with the internal filters by resonant slots and CEBs could effectively be used for creating multiband elements.
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| 3. |
- Revin, L. S., et al.
(författare)
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Spectral characteristics of the double-folded slot antennas with cold-electron bolometers for the 220/240 GHz channels of the LSPE instrument
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 11:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of the experimental and theoretical study of the resonant properties and noise of a single cell of a receiving system based on cold-electron bolometers (CEB) with a double-folded slot antenna and coplanar lines. The system was designed to receive signals at 220/240 GHz frequencies with a 5% bandwidth. In measurements, we used the samples of the double-folded slot antennas with slot lengths of 162 um and coplanar line lengths from 185 to 360 um. Measurements of the resonance properties of CEB located at 0.3 K cryostat plate were carried out using a generator based on a high-temperature YBCO Josephson junction located inside the same cryostat at 4 K plate. This arrangement made it possible to obtain smooth amplitude-frequency characteristics with a clearly defined peak of a 15–21 GHz bandwidth at different frequencies. Based on these results, 2-D array of double-folded slot antennas with CEBs as 220/240 GHz LSPE channel prototype was calculated.The absorption efficiency of the array has reached 81% and 77% for 220 and 240 GHz channels, respectively.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gordeeva, A. V., et al.
(författare)
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Record electron self-cooling in cold-electron bolometers with a hybrid superconductor-ferromagnetic nanoabsorber and traps
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation is the only observable that allows studying the earliest stage of the Universe. Radioastronomy instruments for CMB investigation require low working temperatures around 100 mK to get the necessary sensitivity. On-chip electron cooling of receivers is a pathway for future space missions due to problems of dilution fridges at low gravity. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that in a Cold-Electron Bolometer (CEB) a theoretical limit of electron cooling down to 65 mK from phonon temperature of 300 mK can be reached. It is possible due to effective withdrawing of hot electrons from the tunnel barrier by double stock, special traps and suppression of Andreev Joule heating in hybrid Al/Fe normal nanoabsorber.
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| 6. |
- Kuzmin, Leonid, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Array of multichroic double-slot antennas with cold-electron bolometers for the 220/240 GHz channels of the LSPE Instrument
- 2019
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Ingår i: ISSTT 2019 - 30th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, Proceedings Book. ; , s. 87-91
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper tells about developing narrowband antennas for frequencies 220 and 240 GHz, which will be used in the LSPE balloon telescope to estimate foreground cosmic dust. For thisgoal, we used double-slot antenna with coplanar lines and Cold-Electron bolometers. The simulations show that we have achieved 5% bandwidth for 220 GHz and 5.5% bandwidth for 240 GHz for the single cell. There are also results for an array of unit cells using double-slot antennas and coplanar lines with CEBs. Besides that, the paper addresses the question of the use of SQUID readout for cold-electron bolometers.
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| 7. |
- Pimanov, D. A., et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps
- 2022
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Ingår i: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. - : Beilstein Institut. - 2190-4286. ; 13, s. 896-901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron on-chip cooling from the base temperature of 300 mK is very important for highly sensitive detectors operating in space due to problems of dilution fridges at low gravity. Electron cooling is also important for ground-based telescopes equipped with 3He cryostats being able to function at any operating angle. This work is aimed at the investigation of electron cooling in the low -temperature range. New samples of cold-electron bolometers with traps and hybrid superconducting/ferromagnetic absorbers have shown a temperature reduction of the electrons in the refrigerator junctions from 300 to 82 mK, from 200 to 33 mK, and from 100 to 25 mK in the idle regime without optical power load. The electron temperature was determined by solving heat balance equa-tions with account of the leakage current, sixth power of temperature in the whole temperature range, and the Andreev current using numerical methods and an automatic fit algorithm.
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| 8. |
- V. Chiginev, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE
- 2022
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Ingår i: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. - : Beilstein Institut. - 2190-4286. ; 13, s. 865-872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we present the results of a numerical modeling of mode composition in the constriction of the Large Scale Polarization Explorer-Short-Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer (LSPE-SWIPE) back-to-back horn. These results are used for calculating the frequency response of arrays of planar dipole antennas with cold-electron bolometers for 145, 210, and 240 GHz frequencies. For the main frequency channel (i.e., 145 GHz) we have a 45 GHz bandwidth. For the auxiliary frequency channels (i.e., 210 and 240 GHz) placed on the same substrate, we have bandwidths of 26 and 38 GHz, respectively. We performed some op-timizations for cold-electron bolometers to achieve a photon noise-equivalent power of 1.1 x 10-16 W/Hz1/2. This was achieved by replacing one of two superconductor-insulator-normal tunnel junctions with a superconductor-normal metal contact.
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| 9. |
- Kuzmin, Leonid, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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A dual-band cold-electron bolometer with on-chip filters for the 220/240GHz channels of the LSPE instrument
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Superconductor Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 32:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We are developing multi-chroic double-slot antenna with cold-electron Bolometer (CEB) on-chip filters for the 220/240 GHz interstellar dust monitoring channels of the LSPE-SWIPE experiment. For this goal, we used a narrowband double-slot resonant antenna with CEBs connected by coplanar lines. The simulations show that we have achieved 5% bandwidth for 220 GHz and 5.5% bandwidth for 240 GHz in our numeric modeling for the single cells. A series array of unit cells using double-slot design and coplanar lines with CEBs shows proper frequency selection. Estimations of the noise properties of the CEB arrays in a voltage-biased mode with the SQUID readout show photon-noise limited operation for the optical power load of 6 pW for channel 220 GHz and 20 pW for channel 240 GHz.
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| 10. |
- Revin, Leonid S., et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators
- 2024
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Ingår i: Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. - 2190-4286. ; 15, s. 26-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider properties of dichroic antenna arrays on a silicon substrate with integrated cold-electron bolometers to detect radiation at frequencies of 210 and 240 GHz. This frequency range is widely used in cosmic microwave background experiments in space, balloon, and ground-based missions such as BICEP Array, LSPE, LiteBIRD, QUBIC, Simons Observatory, and AliCPT. As a direct radiation detector, we use cold-electron bolometers, which have high sensitivity and a wide operating frequency range, as well as immunity to spurious cosmic rays. Their other advantages are the compact size of the order of a few micrometers and the effect of direct electron cooling, which can improve sensitivity in typical closed-loop cycle 3He cryostats for space applications. We study a novel concept of cold-electron bolometers with two SIN tunnel junctions and one SN contact. The amplitude-frequency characteristics measured with YBCO Josephson Junction oscillators show narrow peaks at 205 GHz for the 210 GHz array and at 225 GHz for the 240 GHz array; the separation of these two frequency bands is clearly visible. The noise equivalent power level at an operating point in the current bias mode is 5 x 10-16 W/root Hz.
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