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Sökning: WFRF:(Portugal Isabel)

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1.
  • Brynildsrud, Ola B., et al. (författare)
  • Global expansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 shaped by colonial migration and local adaptation
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Science Advances. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 2375-2548. ; 4:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • On the basis of population genomic and phylogeographic analyses of 1669 Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 (L4) genomes, we find that dispersal of L4 has been completely dominated by historical migrations out of Europe. We demonstrate an intimate temporal relationship between European colonial expansion into Africa and the Americas and the spread of L4 tuberculosis (TB). Markedly, in the age of antibiotics, mutations conferring antimicrobial resistance overwhelmingly emerged locally (at the level of nations), with minimal cross-border transmission of resistance. The latter finding was found to reflect the relatively recent emergence of these mutations, as a similar degree of local restriction was observed for susceptible variants emerging on comparable time scales. The restricted international transmission of drug-resistant TB suggests that containment efforts at the level of individual countries could be successful.
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2.
  • Nakatani, Yoshio, et al. (författare)
  • Role of Alanine Racemase Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis D-Cycloserine Resistance
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - : AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 61:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A screening of more than 1,500 drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed evolutionary patterns characteristic of positive selection for three alanine racemase (Alr) mutations. We investigated these mutations using molecular modeling, in vitro MIC testing, as well as direct measurements of enzymatic activity, which demonstrated that these mutations likely confer resistance to D-cycloserine.
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3.
  • Olofsson, Ulf, 1962-, et al. (författare)
  • Nanoparticle emissions from the transport sector: health and policy impacts - the nPETS concept
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: 2022 Conference Proceedings Transport Research Arena, TRA Lisbon 2022. - : Elsevier BV. ; 72, s. 248-255
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Road, rail, air, and sea transport generate a major fraction of outdoor ultrafine particles. However, there is no common methodology for comparable sub 100 nm particle emissions measurement. This paper presents the nPETS (grant agreement No 954377) concept to understand and mitigate the effects of emerging non-regulated nanoparticle emissions. This paper presents the concept and selected results. For example, nucleation and condensation mechanisms occur more frequently in the urban background site, leading to new particle formation, while mostly fresh emissions are measured in the traffic site.
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  • Resultat 1-3 av 3

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