| 1. |
- Alehagen, Urban, et al.
(författare)
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Relatively high mortality risk in elderly Swedish subjects with low selenium status
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 70:1, s. 91-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives: The daily dietary intake of selenium (Se), an essential trace element, is still low in Sweden in spite of decades of nutritional information campaigns and the effect of this on the public health is presently not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the serum Se levels in an elderly Swedish population and to analyze whether a low Se status had any influence on mortality.Subjects/Methods: Six-hundred sixty-eight (n=668) elderly participants were invited from a municipality and evaluated in an observational study. Individuals were followed for 6.8 years and Se levels were re-evaluated in 98 individuals after 48 months. Clinical examination of all individuals included functional classification, echocardiography, electrocardiogram and serum Se measurement. All mortality was registered and endpoints of mortality were assessed by Kaplan–Meier plots, and Cox proportional hazard ratios adjusted for potential confounding factors were calculated.Results: The mean serum Se level of the study population (n=668) was 67.1 μg/l, corresponding to relatively low Se intake. After adjustment for male gender, smoking, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and impaired heart function, persons with serum Se in the lowest quartile had 43% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–2.00) and 56% (95% CI: 1.03–2.36) increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. The result was not driven by inflammatory effects on Se concentration in serum.Conclusion: The mean serum Se concentration in an elderly Swedish population was 67.1 μg/l, which is below the physiological saturation level for several selenoprotein enzymes. This result may suggest the value of modest Se supplementation in order to improve the health of the Swedish population.
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| 2. |
- Brennan, Seán J., 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopic observations of progenitor activity 100 days before a Type Ibn supernova
- 2024
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obtaining spectroscopic observations of the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae is often unfeasible, due to an inherent lack of knowledge as to what stars experience supernovae and when they will explode. In this Letter we present photometric and spectroscopic observations of the progenitor activity of SN 2023fyq before the He-rich progenitor explodes as a Type Ibn supernova. The progenitor of SN 2023fyq shows an exponential rise in flux prior to core collapse. Complex He I emission line features are observed in the progenitor spectra, with a P Cygni-like profile, as well as an evolving broad base with velocities of the order of 10 000 km s−1. The luminosity and evolution of SN 2023fyq is consistent with a Type Ibn, reaching a peak r-band magnitude of −18.8 mag, although there is some uncertainty regarding the distance to the host, NGC 4388, which is located in the Virgo cluster. We present additional evidence of asymmetric He-rich material being present both prior to and after the explosion of SN 2023fyq, which suggests that this material survived the ejecta interaction. Broad [O I], C I, and the Ca II triplet lines are observed at late phases, confirming that SN 2023fyq was a genuine supernova, rather than a non-terminal interacting transient. SN 2023fyq provides insight into the final moments of a massive star’s life, demonstrating that the progenitor is likely highly unstable before core collapse.
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| 3. |
- Ihnatko, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Proteomic profiling of the hypothalamus in a mouse model of cancer-induced anorexia-cachexia
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Cancer Research UK. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 109:7, s. 1867-1875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Anorexia-cachexia is a common and severe cancer-related complication but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, using a mouse model for tumour-induced anorexia-cachexia, we screened for proteins that are differentially expressed in the hypothalamus, the brain’s metabolic control centre.Methods:The hypothalamus of tumour-bearing mice with implanted methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma (MCG 101) displaying anorexia and their sham-implanted pair-fed or free-fed littermates was examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)-based comparative proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Results:The 2-DE data showed an increased expression of dynamin 1, hexokinase, pyruvate carboxylase, oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor in tumour-bearing mice, whereas heat-shock 70 kDa cognate protein, selenium-binding protein 1, and guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gα0 were downregulated. The expression of several of the identified proteins was similarly altered also in the caloric-restricted pair-fed mice, suggesting an involvement of these proteins in brain metabolic adaptation to restricted nutrient availability. However, the expression of dynamin 1, which is required for receptor internalisation, and of hexokinase, and pyruvate carboxylase were specifically changed in tumour-bearing mice with anorexia.Conclusion:The identified differentially expressed proteins may be new candidate molecules involved in the pathophysiology of tumour-induced anorexia-cachexia.
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| 6. |
- Milovanovic, Micha, et al.
(författare)
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Alzheimer and platelets : Low-density platelet populations reveal increased serotonin content in Alzheimer type dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0009-9120 .- 1873-2933. ; 47:15, s. 51-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Alzheimers disease (AD) is a progressive form of dementia characterized by an increase in the toxic substance beta-amyloid in the brain. Platelets display a substantial heterogeneity with respect to density. They further contain a substantial amount of beta-amyloid precursor protein. Platelets take up and store serotonin (5-HT) that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of severe depression. The current study aims to investigate platelet serotonin content in different platelet density populations. Material and methods: The study involved 8 patients (age 70 +/- 8 (SD) years) (3 females/5 males) with moderate AD. 6 healthy elderly subjects (age 66 +/- 9 (SD) years) (3 females/3 males) served as controls. The platelet population was divided into 17 subpopulations according to density, using a linear Percoll (TM) gradient. Platelets were counted in all fractions. After cell lysis an ELISA technique was employed to determine the 5-HT content in each platelet subfraction. Results: The two study groups did not differ significantly regarding platelet distribution in the gradients, but AD sufferers have a significantly higher 5-HT content (p less than 0.05) in the lighter platelet populations. Discussion: AD-type dementia proved to be associated with lighter platelets containing more 5-HT. It is possible that platelets from AD patients release less 5-HT. It is speculated that AD synapses are affected in a manner comparable to platelets, which could explain why 5-HT reuptake inhibitors are less effective in AD dementia.
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| 7. |
- Post, Claes-Robert von
(författare)
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Studier kring 36 § avtalslagen med inriktning på rent kommersiella förhållanden
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1976 the Swedish Contracts Act was amended by the introduction of a new, so called 'general clause' stipulating provisions concerning modification and settings aside of contract terms. The provisions are applied in the first place when a contract term is found unreasonable. A similar general provision was introduced in Denmark in 1975 and in Finland and Norway in 1983. The Nordic countries have thus acted in co-operation with each other in the field of contract law. The promulgation of the Swedish general clause was preceded by extensive preparatory work. In this preparatory work, which is important for the way in which the courts can be expected to apply the provisions of the general clause, a large number of applications were discussed and exemplified.The study, which focuses on commercial relationships, has two main objectives. One, to give an account of the current status of the law with regard to the application of the general clause in Sweden and the above-mentioned Nordic Countries, and secondly, to examine the relationship between the applications stipulated in the preparatory materials and current judicial practice.The following results can be observed. The general clause has been used sparingly and with great caution in commercial relations. The study indicates no real deviations from the intentions of the preparatory materials in the judicial practice. The apprehensions expressed in the preparatory materials concerning deterioration of legal security have not been realised. The legal unity of the Nordic countries in the field of contract law has been maintained, and Danish, Finnish and Norwegian case law should provide guidelines for judicial practice in Sweden.The study is accompanied by a Summary in English
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| 8. |
- Prusis, Peteris, et al.
(författare)
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PLS modeling of chimeric MS04/MSH-peptide and MC1/MC3-receptor interactions reveals a novel method for the analysis of ligand–receptor interactions
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. ; 1544:1-2, s. 350-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel method has been developed for the analysis of ligand–receptor interactions. The method utilizes binding data generated from the analysis of chimeric proteins with chimeric peptides. To each chimeric part of the peptide and receptor are assigned descriptors, thus creating a matrix of X descriptors. These descriptors are then correlated with the experimentally determined interaction binding affinities for each chimeric receptor/peptide pair by use of partial least-squares projection to latent structures (PLS). The method was applied to analyze the interactions of chimeric MSH-peptides with wild-type MC1 and MC3 receptors, and MC1/MC3 receptor chimeras (in total 40 peptide–receptor combinations). Two types of PLS models could be created, one that revealed the relationships between receptor and peptide structure and peptide binding pKi values (i.e., affinity) (R2 and Q2 being 0.71 and 0.62, respectively), and another that revealed the relationships between peptide and receptor structure and peptide–receptor selectivity (R2 and Q2 being 0.64 and 0.57, respectively). After addition of cross-terms these models improved significantly; the R2 and Q2 being 0.93 and 0.75 for affinity, and 0.92 and 0.72 for selectivity, respectively. The analysis shows that the high affinity of the MSH-peptides is primarily achieved by interactions of the peptides’ C-terminal amino acids with TM2 and TM3 of the receptor, and, to a lesser extent, by the interaction of the N-terminus with TM1, TM2 and TM3 of the receptor. However, in contrast, the MC1 receptor selectivity is primarily determined by an interaction of the peptides’ N-termini with TM2/3 of the receptor. Moreover, the cross-terms of the PLS model revealed the existence of a strong interaction between TM6/7 and TM2/3 of the receptors.
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