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| 2. |
- Bitaraf Haghighi, Ehsan, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental study on convective heat transfer of nanofluids in turbulent flow : Methods of comparison of their performance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0894-1777 .- 1879-2286. ; 57, s. 378-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Turbulent convective heat transfer coefficients of 9 wt% Al2O3/water and TiO2/water nanofluids inside a circular tube were investigated independently at the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH (Sweden) and at University of Birmingham (UK). The experimental data from both laboratories agreed very well and clearly show that Nusselt numbers are well correlated by the equations developed for single phase fluids with the thermophysical properties of nanofluid. The heat transfer coefficients of nanofluids can be compared with those of the base fluids at the same Reynolds number or at the same pumping power. As the same Reynolds number requires higher flow rate of nanofluids therefore such comparison shows up to 15% increase in heat transfer coefficient. However, at equal pumping power, the heat transfer coefficient of Al2O3 nanofluid was practically the same as that of water while that of TiO2 was about 10% lower. Comparing performance at equal Reynolds number is clearly misleading since the heat transfer coefficient can always be increased by increased pumping power, accordingly, the comparison between the fluids should be done at equal pumping power.
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| 5. |
- Utomo, Adi T., et al.
(författare)
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The effect of nanoparticles on laminar heat transfer in a horizontal tube
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0017-9310 .- 1879-2189. ; 69, s. 77-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat transfer coefficient in laminar flow of water-based alumina, titania and carbon nanotube nanofluids in a straight pipe with constant heat flux at the wall have been investigated independently by two universities. The nanoparticles affect the thermo-physical properties of the suspensions, however, nanopartides presence and movement due to Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis seemed to have insignificant effect on heat transfer coefficient. The Nusselt number of all investigated nanofluids followed standard heat transfer correlations developed for liquids within +/- 10% suggesting that all investigated nanofluids can be treated as homogenous fluids. Different methods of comparison between heat transfer coefficient in nanofluids and base fluid are also critically discussed.
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| 6. |
- Köhler, Th., et al.
(författare)
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Precision measurement of strong interaction isotope effects in antiprotonic 16O, 17O, and 18O atoms
- 1986
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 176:3-4, s. 327-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The strong-interaction effects in antiprotonic 16O, 17O, and 18O atoms were measured at the CERN antiproton facility, LEAR. The shifts ε{lunate} and the widths Γ of the 3d level were determined to be -112±20 eV (16O), -140±46 eV (17O), -195±20 eV (18O), and 495±45 eV (16O), 540±150 (17O), 640±40 eV (18O), respectively. © 1986.
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| 7. |
- Richter, B., et al.
(författare)
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New results in the search for narrow states in the p system below threshold
- 1983
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 126:3-4, s. 284-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The γ-ray spectrum after p annihilation at rest was measured in two independent high-statistics runs. Both spectra show narrow peaks, corresponding to masses of 1210, 1638, 1694 and 1771 MeV.
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