| 1. |
- Badetti, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Novel multimethod approach for the determination of the colloidal stability of nanomaterials in complex environmental mixtures using a global stability index: TiO2 as case study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A systematic study on the colloidal behavior of uncoated and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated TiO2 engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in simulated aqueous media is herein reported, in which conditions representative for natural waters (pH, presence of divalent electrolytes (i.e. Ca2+/Mg2+ and SO42−), of natural organic matter (NOM) and of suspended particulate matter (SPM)) were systematically varied. The colloidal stability of the different dispersions was investigated by means of Dynamic and Electrophoretic Light Scattering (DLS and ELS) and Centrifugal Separation Analysis (CSA), and a global stability index based on these three techniques was developed. The index allows to quantitatively classify the nano-based dispersions according to their colloidal stability affected by the different parameters studied. This multimethod approach clearly identifies inorganic SPM followed by divalent electrolytes as the main natural components destabilizing TiO2 ENMs upon entering in simulated natural waters, while it highlights a moderate stabilization induced by NOM, depending mainly on pH. Moreover, the PVP coating was found to attenuate the influence of these parameters on the colloidal stability. The obtained results show how the global stability index developed is influenced by the complexity of the system, suggesting the importance of combining the information gathered from all the techniques employed to better elucidate the fate and behavior of ENMs in natural surface waters.
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| 2. |
- Domercq, Maria del Prado, et al.
(författare)
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The Full Multi : An open-source framework for modelling the transport and fate of nano- and microplastics in aquatic systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Modelling & Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-8152 .- 1873-6726. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a freely available open-source modelling framework to explore environmental transport and fate of nano-and microplastics in aquatic systems. The “Full Multi” models 1) fragmentation of plastic into a predefined set of size classes, 2) speciation of plastic particles between pristine, heteroaggregated, biofouled, and biofouled & heteroaggregated species, 3) dynamic vertical exchange between water layers and sediment of a freshwater system, and 4) horizontal particle transport by eddy diffusion and advective flow. The Full Multi framework relates emission rates to environmental exposure concentrations while considering the intrinsic properties of plastic particles and variable environmental system properties. The model can be applied to analyse scenarios with different process descriptions, plastic types, emission routes and environmental parameters for hypothesis generation, to identify dominant fate processes, and in hazard and risk assessment. Here, we introduce and illustrate the framework by modelling plastic particles with a range of densities in a generic flowing river system.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- MacLeod, Matthew, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Computational models to confront the complex pollution footprint of plastic in the environment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Computational Science. - 2662-8457. ; 3:6, s. 486-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The threat posed by plastic in the environment is poorly characterized due to uncertainties and unknowns about sources, transport, transformation and removal processes, and the properties of the plastic pollution itself. Plastic creates a footprint of particulate pollution with a diversity of composition, size and shape, and a halo of chemicals. In this Perspective, we argue that process-based mass-balance models could provide a platform to synthesize knowledge about plastic pollution as a function of its measurable intrinsic properties.
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| 5. |
- Pfohl, Patrizia, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Degradation of Microplastics : How to Measure Fragmentation Rates to Secondary Micro- and Nanoplastic Fragments and Dissociation into Dissolved Organics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 56:16, s. 11323-11334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the environmental fate of microplastics is essential for their risk assessment. It is essential to differentiate size classes and degradation states. Still, insights into fragmentation and degradation mechanisms of primary and secondary microplastics into micro- and nanoplastic fragments and other degradation products are limited. Here, we present an adapted NanoRelease protocol for a UV-dose-dependent assessment and size-selective quantification of the release of micro- and nanoplastic fragments down to 10 nm and demonstrate its applicability for polyamide and thermoplastic polyurethanes. The tested cryo-milled polymers do not originate from actual consumer products but are handled in industry and are therefore representative of polydisperse microplastics occurring in the environment. The protocol is suitable for various types of microplastic polymers, and the measured rates can serve to parameterize mechanistic fragmentation models. We also found that primary microplastics matched the same ranking of weathering stability as their corresponding macroplastics and that dissolved organics constitute a major rate of microplastic mass loss. The results imply that previously formed micro- and nanoplastic fragments can further degrade into water-soluble organics with measurable rates that enable modeling approaches for all environmental compartments accessible to UV light.
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| 6. |
- Praetorius, Antonia, et al.
(författare)
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ACS Environmental Au─How to Improve the Reach of Your Open Access Research
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Environmental Au. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2694-2518. ; 2:5, s. 373-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This Editorial provides suggestions for how authors can boost the visibility and reach of their research. If readers of this Editorial want more detailed guidance, we suggest that they read Rebecca Fuocco’s excellent Career Column in Nature1 and the supporting materials, and ACS Au Editor-in-Chief Shelley Minteer’s recent Editorial on Tips for Improving the Visibility of Research Publications.2 ACS Environmental Au continues to attract top-class contributions on a diversity of topics within the environmental sciences. We were especially delighted to have an ACS Editors’ Choice article in this issue and look forward to having more of these in future issues. As authors, we understand the value of giving your work that extra promotional boost, and as Editors of ACS Environmental Au, we are pleased to support our authors in disseminating their work.
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