| 1. |
- Galland, Sylvian, et al.
(författare)
-
Holocellulose nanofibers of high molar mass and small diameter for high-strength nanopaper
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 16:8, s. 2427-2435
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wood cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) based on bleached pulp are different from the cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall in terms of larger diameter, lower cellulose molar mass, and modified cellulose topochemistry. Also, CNF isolation often requires high-energy mechanical disintegration. Here, a new type of CNFs is reported based on a mild peracetic acid delignification process for spruce and aspen fibers, followed by low-energy mechanical disintegration. Resulting CNFs are characterized with respect to geometry (AFM, TEM), molar mass (SEC), and polysaccharide composition. Cellulose nanopaper films are prepared by filtration and characterized by UV-vis spectrometry for optical transparency and uniaxial tensile tests. These CNFs are unique in terms of high molar mass and cellulose-hemicellulose core-shell structure. Furthermore, the corresponding nanopaper structures exhibit exceptionally high optical transparency and the highest mechanical properties reported for comparable CNF nanopaper structures.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kisonen, Victor, et al.
(författare)
-
Composite films of nanofibrillated cellulose and O-acetyl galactoglucomannan (GGM) coated with succinic esters of GGM showing potential as barrier material in food packaging
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 50:8, s. 3189-3199
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC)-Norway spruce O-acetyl-galactoglucomannan (GGM) composite films were coated either with a novel succinic ester of GGM or with native GGM. NFC films were made for reference. The succinic ester of GGM was synthesised at low (GGM-Su1) and high (GGM-Su2) degree of substitution to obtain different level of water repellence. GGM and its succinic esters had good affinity with NFC substrate. This made it possible to implement the barrier functionality on the NFC network with the adequate mechanical properties. The coatings further enhanced the already excellent oxygen permeability properties, achieving 0.1 [(cm(3) A mu m)(m(2) kPa d)] as the lowest value with the NFC-GGM film double-coated with GGM-Su2. The films demonstrated pronounced stiffness by adding GGM to the NFC, as well as coating of GGM-Su2 on the NFC-GGM films at 0-90 % relative humidity. The films turned out to be impenetrable with grease even at high temperatures. NFC-GGM film with GGM-Su2 coating exhibited hydrophobic characteristics according to the water contact angle measurements. It was shown that adding 5.5 wt% of GGM to a NFC film and further 5.4 wt% of coating of GGM-Su or GGM on the film may highly enhance the feasibility of the biocomposites to be used for food packaging to replace typical oil-based non-biodegradable plastics currently used.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Prakobna, Kasinee, 1983-
(författare)
-
Biocomposites Based on Core-Shell Cellulose Nanofibers : Preparation, Structure, and Properties
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are of interest as load-bearing components for polymer matrix nanocomposites. A wide range of nanostructured materials including nanopaper/films, foams, aerogels, and hydrogels can be prepared from CNFs. The material performance can be fine-tuned when CNFs are combined with different polymer matrices. The main idea of the present study is to test the hypothesis that the concept of Core-shell CNFs can provide processing and performance advantages for nanocomposites through improved nanostructural control.The problems of matrix distribution and interface structure at nanoscale are investigated. The first part of this thesis (Paper I-III) describes an alternative preparation procedure for biocomposites based on the Core-shell concept. Inspired by the structural framework and mechanical function of the primary cell wall in plants, Core-shell CNFs are formed by coating wood CNFs with a polysaccharide matrix, and are subsequently used for fabrication of biocomposite films. The nanostructure of Core-shell CNFs and their nanocomposites is characterized. Mechanical properties of the biocomposites at various hydration conditions are investigated. A study on molecular water mobility and moisture stability of the materials is conducted. In the present thesis, three different biological polysaccharides including amylopectin, xyloglucan and galactoglucomannan have been used for man-made nanocomposites based on Core-shell nanofibers.The later sections of the thesis (Paper IV-V) describe an alternative method to disintegrate holocellulose nanofibers from wood chips. These CNFs based on holocellulose possess Core-shell structure with native hemicelluloses as “shell”. Peracetic acid pretreatment is used for the preparation of holocellulose. This procedure is a promising single-step pulping as preparation for nanofibrillation. The nanostructure of the holocellulose nanofibers are characterized, and compared with CNFs prepared from enzymatic pretreatment. The holocellulose nanofibers are used for preparation of films and porous materials. The influence of nanostructural characteristics of two different nanofibers (CNFs from enzymatic pretreatment vs holocellulose nanofibers from peracetic acid pretreatment) on final properties of the nanocomposites is clarified. Favorable characteristics of Core-shell fibrils are reported in terms of colloidal stability, controlled matrix distribution, improved interface characteristics, and improved hygromechanical properties of the biocomposites. In both a scientific and industrial context, the Core-shell nanofiber concept thus offers great potential for the materials design of new cellulose nanomaterials with unique characteristics.
|
|
| 5. |
- Prakobna, Kasinee, et al.
(författare)
-
Core-shell cellulose nanofibers for biocomposites : Nanostructural effects in hydrated state
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 125, s. 92-102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Core-shell wood cellulose nanofibers (CNF) coated by an XG hemicellulose polymer are prepared and used to make biocomposites. CNF/XG biocomposites have interest as packaging materials and as hydrated CNF/XG plant cell wall analogues. Structure and properties are compared between Core-shell CNF/XG and more inhomogeneous CNF/XG. Experiments include XG sorption, dynamic light scattering of CNF nanoparticle suspensions, FE-SEM of nanostructure, moisture sorption, tensile testing in moist conditions and dynamic mechanical analysis. (2)H NMR relaxometry is performed on materials containing sorbed (2)H2O2 in order to assess water molecular dynamics in different materials. The results clarify the roles of CNF, XG and the CNF/XG interface in the biocomposites, both in terms of moisture sorption mechanisms and mechanical properties in moist state. The concept of core-shell nanofiber network biocomposites, prepared by filtering of colloids, provides improved control of polymer matrix distribution and interface structure. Also, present mechanical properties are much superior to comparable plant fiber biocomposites.
|
|
| 6. |
- Prakobna, Kasinee, et al.
(författare)
-
High-Performance and Moisture-Stable Cellulose-Starch Nanocomposites Based on Bioinspired Core-Shell Nanofibers
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 16:3, s. 904-912
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moisture stability and brittleness are challenges for plant fiber biocomposites intended for load-bearing applications, for instance those based on an amylopectin-rich (AP) starch matrix. Core-shell amylopectin-coated cellulose nanofibers and nanocomposites are prepared to investigate effects from the distribution of AP matrix. The core-shell nanocomposites are compared with nanocomposites with more irregular amylopectin (AP) distribution. Colloidal properties (DLS), AP adsorption, nanofiber dimensions (atomic force microscopy), and nanocomposite structure (transmission electron microscopy) are analyzed. Tensile tests are performed at different moisture contents. The core-shell nanofibers result in exceptionally moisture stable, ductile, and strong nanocomposites, much superior to reference CNF/AP nanocomposites with more irregular AP distribution. The reduction in AP properties is less pronounced as the AP forms a favorable interphase around individual CNF nanofibers.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Prakobna, Kasinee, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanical performance and architecture of biocomposite honeycombs and foams from core-shell holocellulose nanofibers
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufacturing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-835X .- 1878-5840. ; 88, s. 116-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CNFs (cellulose nanofibers) based on holocellulose have a pure cellulose fibril core, with a hemicellulose coating. The diameter is only around 6-8 nm and the hemicellulose surface coating has anionic charge. These CNFs are used to prepare honeycomb and foam structures by freeze-drying from dilute hydrocolloidal suspensions. The materials are compared with materials based on "conventional" cellulose CNFs from sulfite pulp with respect to mechanical properties in compression. Characterization methods include FE-SEM of cellular structure, and the analysis includes comparisons with similar materials from other types of CNFs and data in the literature. The honeycomb structures show superior out-of-plane properties compared with the more isotropic foam structures, as expected. Honeycombs based on holocellulose CNFs showed better properties than sulfite pulp CNF honeycombs, since the cellular structure contained less defects. This is related to better stability of holocellulose CNFs in colloidal suspension.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Prakobna, Kasinee, et al.
(författare)
-
Strong reinforcing effects from galactoglucomannan hemicellulose on mechanical behavior of wet cellulose nanofiber gels
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 50:22, s. 7413-7423
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Softwood hemicelluloses could potentially be combined with cellulose and used in packaging materials. In the present study, galactoglucomannan (GGM) is adsorbed to wood cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and filtered and dried or hot-pressed to form nanocomposite films. The CNF/GGM fibril diameters are characterized by AFM, and the colloidal behavior by dynamic light scattering. Mechanical properties are measured in uniaxial tension for wet gels, dried films, and hot-pressed films. The role of GGM is particularly important for the wet gels. The wet gels of CNF/GGM exhibit remarkable improvement in mechanical properties. FE-SEM fractography and moisture sorption studies are carried out to interpret the results for hygromechanical properties. The present study shows that GGM may find use as a molecular scale cellulose binding agent, causing little sacrifice in mechanical properties and improving wet strength.
|
|
