| 1. |
- Backhans, Annette, et al.
(författare)
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Behandlingsrekommendation: Dosering av antibiotika till gris
- 2022
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rekommendation handlar om behandling med antibiotika till gris. Den ger råd om hur antibiotika ska doseras för att ge tillfredsställande effekt utan onödig exponering, när det bedömts att behandling med antibiotika är nödvändig.
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| 2. |
- Ekman, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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A shotgun metagenomic investigation of the microbiota of udder cleft dermatitis in comparison to healthy skin in dairy cows
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Udder cleft dermatitis (UCD) is a skin condition affecting the fore udder attachment of dairy cows. UCD may be defined as mild (eczematous skin changes) or severe (open wounds, large skin changes). Our aims were to compare the microbiota of mild and severe UCD lesions with the microbiota of healthy skin from the fore udder attachment of control cows, and to investigate whether mastitis-causing pathogens are present in UCD lesions. Samples were obtained from cows in six dairy herds. In total, 36 UCD samples categorized as mild (n = 17) or severe (n = 19) and 13 control samples were sequenced using a shotgun metagenomic approach and the reads were taxonomically classified based on their k-mer content. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the abundance of different taxa between different sample types, as well as to compare the bacterial diversity between samples. A high proportion of bacteria was seen in all samples. Control samples had a higher proportion of archaeal reads, whereas most samples had low proportions of fungi, protozoa and viruses. The bacterial microbiota differed between controls and mild and severe UCD samples in both composition and diversity. Subgroups of UCD samples were visible, characterized by increased proportion of one or a few bacterial genera or species, e.g. Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium luteolum, Trueperella pyogenes and Fusobacterium necrophorum. Bifidobacterium spp. were more common in controls compared to UCD samples. The bacterial diversity was higher in controls compared to UCD samples. Bacteria commonly associated with mastitis were uncommon. In conclusion, a dysbiosis of the microbiota of mild and severe UCD samples was seen, characterized by decreased diversity and an increased proportion of certain bacteria. There was no evidence of a specific pathogen causing UCD or that UCD lesions are important reservoirs for mastitis-causing bacteria.
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| 3. |
- Frosth, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of Dichelobacter nodosus and detection of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Treponema spp. in sheep with different clinical manifestations of footrot
- 2015
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Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 179, s. 82-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of Dichelobacter nodosus, Fusobacterium necrophorum and Treponema spp. in sheep with different clinical manifestations of footrot compared to healthy sheep both at flock and individual level. The second aim was to characterise D. nodosus with respect to virulence, presence of intA gene and the serogroups.Swab samples (n = 1000) from footrot-affected (n = 10) and healthy flocks (n = 10) were analysed for the presence of D. nodosus, F. necrophorum and Treponema spp. by real-time PCR and culturing (D. nodosus only). Dichelobacter nodosus isolates (n = 78) and positive swabs (n = 474) were analysed by real-time PCR for the aprV2/B2 and the intA genes and by PCR for the fimA gene (isolates only).D. nodosus was more commonly found in flocks affected with footrot than in clinically healthy flocks. A significant association was found between feet with severe footrot lesions and the aprV2 gene and between feet with moderate or no lesions and the aprB2 gene, respectively. F. necrophorum was more commonly found in flocks with footrot lesions than in flocks without lesions. No significant association was found between sheep flocks affected with footrot and findings of Treponema spp. or the intA gene. Benign D. nodosus of six different serogroups was detected in twelve flocks and virulent D. nodosus of serogroup G in one.In conclusion, D. nodosus and F. necrophorum were more commonly found in feet with footrot than in healthy feet. The majority of D. nodosus detected was benign, while virulent D. nodosus was only detected in a single flock. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 4. |
- Jansson, Desirée, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira spp. isolated from commercial laying hens and free-living wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Avian Pathology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0307-9457 .- 1465-3338. ; 40, s. 387-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility to tylosin, valnemulin, tiamulin, doxycycline, lincomycin and ampicillin was investigated by broth dilution in 48 Brachyspira spp. isolates from commercial laying hens (n = 30) and free-living wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) (n = 18). Presumed pathogens (Brachyspira alvinipulli, Brachyspira intermedia, Brachyspira pilosicoli), commensals (Brachyspira murdochii, Brachyspira innocens, "Brachyspira pulli''), and isolates of undetermined species affiliation were included. The laying hens had not been exposed to therapeutic levels of antimicrobials for at least 50 weeks before sampling, and low levels of environmental antimicrobial exposure were presumed in mallards. No isolates with decreased susceptibility to tylosin, valnemulin, tiamulin or doxycycline were found. Decreased susceptibility to lincomycin (minimum inhibitory concentration 16 mu g/ml) was detected in two isolates (Brachyspira sp.) from laying hens. Five isolates showed decreased susceptibility to ampicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration 16 to >32 mu g/ml), including two "B. pulli'' and one B. alvinipulli from laying hens, and isolates of B. pilosicoli and "B. pulli'' from mallards. Decreased susceptibility to ampicillin was associated with beta-lactamase activity in four isolates. A new variant of a class D beta-lactamase gene designated bla(oxa-192) was identified in a B. pilosicoli isolate of mallard origin. This is the first time the genetic basis for antimicrobial resistance is described in Brachyspira spp. from a free-living wild bird. Isolates displaying decreased susceptibility to ampicillin were accompanied by fully susceptible isolates of the same species or other genotypes within three laying hen flocks. This underlines the need for performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests on single clones/genotypes, and to analyse multiple isolates from the same flock.
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| 5. |
- Ovesen, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteroides spp. From Clinical Samples From Horses
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0737-0806 .- 1542-7412. ; 45, s. 46-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of 28 individual clinical isolates from horses, previously identified by phenotypic methods as Bacteroides spp., and to species identify these isolates using matrix-assisted-laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Rarely are Bacteroides spp. identified to species level, and treatment of infection with anaerobes is seldom guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The gram-negative anaerobic rods were species identified using MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by nitrocefin hydrolysis and broth microdilution. The isolates were identified as Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides heparinolyticus, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides pyogenes, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides sp., Parabacteroides distasonis, Porphyromonas sp., Prevotella sp., and Prevotella dentasini. All isolates had low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of metronidazole. beta-Lactamase production and high MICs of penicillin, cephalothin, ceftiofur, erythromycin, fusidic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were recorded for B. fragilis, B. ovatus, and B. thetaiotaomicron. Parabacteroides distasonis did not produce beta-lactamase but were still resistant to penicillin and in addition to the aforementioned substances also had high MICs of tetracycline. Bacteroides heparinolyticus, B. pyogenes, and the isolates identified as Porphyromonas sp., Prevotella sp., and P. dentasini did not produce beta-lactamase and were generally more susceptible against the tested antimicrobial agents. It is concluded that antimicrobial susceptibility differs substantially between species of genus Bacteroides and it is difficult to species identify anaerobic gram-negative rods by conventional phenotypic methods. It is important both to species identify gram-negative anaerobic rods and perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing to ensure correct treatment. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Pringle, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and epidemiological relationships of Spanish Brachyspira hyodysenteriae field isolates
- 2010
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Ingår i: Epidemiology and Infection. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 138, s. 76-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research aimed to describe the genetic and phenotypic diversity of 74 Spanish Brachyspira hyodysenteriae field isolates, to establish epidemiological relationships between the isolates and to confirm the presence of tiamulin-resistant isolates in Spain. For these purposes, we performed biochemical tests in combination with diagnostic PCR analysis for the identification of Brachyspira spp. and for detection of the smpA/smpB gene. We also used antimicrobial susceptibility tests, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and a new pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) protocol. The combination of RAPD and PFGE allowed the study of epidemiological relationships. Both indole-negative and tiamulin-resistant isolates of B. hyodysenteriae are reported in Spain for the first time. The genetic analyses indicated a relationship between these Spanish isolates and indole-negative isolates previously obtained from Germany and Belgium.
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| 7. |
- Pringle, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Isolation of spirochetes of genus Treponema from pigs with ear necrosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 139, s. 279-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various ear lesions, often caused by ear biting, are common in pigs. Some herds have a high frequency of ear necrosis, a syndrome characterized by necrotic lesions along the rim of the pinna, often bilateral and sometimes resulting in loss of the entire ear. In samples from such lesions spirochetes have been observed microscopically but never isolated or identified. In this study two herds with periodic outbreaks of ear necrosis among weaners were investigated. Samples were collected from ear lesions and from the gingiva of the pigs. Spirochetes were observed in silver stained histological sections and by phase contrast microscope in scrapings from the necrotic lesions. From an ear lesion a pure spirochete isolate was obtained and identified as a yet unnamed species of genus Treponema, closely related to spirochetes found in digital dermatitis in cattle. From the oral samples two pure isolates were obtained. One of these isolates was identified as the same species as in the ear lesion and one as Treponema socranskii. Species identification was based on 165 rRNA gene sequences. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Pringle, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Klövsjukdomar
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information Från Läkemedelsverket. - 1101-7104. ; , s. 37-40
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Pringle, Märit, et al.
(författare)
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Klövsjukdomar
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information Från Läkemedelsverket. - 1101-7104. ; , s. 37-40
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Pringle, Märit
(författare)
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Trends towards Lower Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Characterization of Acquired Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in Spain
- 2011
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Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 55, s. 3330-3337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in Spain was monitored, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance were investigated. MICs of tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, lincomycin, and tylvalosin were determined for 87 B. hyodysenteriae isolates recovered from 2008 to 2009 by broth dilution. Domain V of the 23S rRNA gene and the ribosomal protein L3 gene were sequenced in 20 isolates for which the tiamulin MIC was >= 4 mu g/ml, presenting decreased susceptibility, and in 18 tiamulin-susceptible isolates (MIC <= 0.125 mu g/ml), and all isolates were typed by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeats analysis. A comparison with antimicrobial susceptibility data from 2000 to 2007 showed an increase in pleuromutilin resistance over time, doubling the number of isolates with decreased susceptibility to tiamulin. No alteration in susceptibility was detected for lincomycin, and the MIC of tylosin remained high (MIC(50) > 128 mu g/ml). The decreased susceptibility to tylosin and lincomycin can be explained by mutations at position A2058 of the 23S rRNA gene (Escherichia coli numbering). A2058T was the predominant mutation, but A2058G also was found together with a change of the neighboring base pair at positions 2057 to 2611. The role of additional point mutations in the vicinity of the peptidyl transferase center and mutations in the L3 at amino acids 148 and 149 and their possible involvement in antimicrobial susceptibility are considered. An association between G2032A and high levels of tiamulin and lincomycin MICs was found, suggesting an increasing importance of this mutation in antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of B. hyodysenteriae.
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