| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Prakash, N, et al.
(författare)
-
A Wnt1-regulated genetic network controls the identity and fate of midbrain-dopaminergic progenitors in vivo
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 133:1, s. 89-98
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Midbrain neurons synthesizing the neurotransmitter dopamine play a central role in the modulation of different brain functions and are associated with major neurological and psychiatric disorders. Despite the importance of these cells, the molecular mechanisms controlling their development are still poorly understood. The secreted glycoprotein Wnt1 is expressed in close vicinity to developing midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Here, we show that Wnt1 regulates the genetic network, including Otx2 and Nkx2-2, that is required for the establishment of the midbrain dopaminergic progenitor domain during embryonic development. In addition, Wnt1 is required for the terminal differentiation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons at later stages of embryogenesis. These results identify Wnt1 as a key molecule in the development of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in vivo. They also suggest the Wnt1-controlled signaling pathway as a promising target for new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Prakash, N, et al.
(författare)
-
Nkx6-1 controls the identity and fate of red nucleus and oculomotor neurons in the mouse midbrain
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 136:15, s. 2545-2555
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the cues controlling the generation of motoneuron populations in the mammalian ventral midbrain. We show that Otx2 provides the crucial anterior-posterior positional information for the generation of red nucleus neurons in the murine midbrain. Moreover, the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6-1 controls the proper development of the red nucleus and of the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus neurons. Nkx6-1 is expressed in ventral midbrain progenitors and acts as a fate determinant of the Brn3a+ (also known as Pou4f1) red nucleus neurons. These progenitors are partially dorsalized in the absence of Nkx6-1, and a fraction of their postmitotic offspring adopts an alternative cell fate, as revealed by the activation of Dbx1 and Otx2 in these cells. Nkx6-1 is also expressed in postmitotic Isl1+ oculomotor and trochlear neurons. Similar to hindbrain visceral (branchio-) motoneurons,Nkx6-1 controls the proper migration and axon outgrowth of these neurons by regulating the expression of at least three axon guidance/neuronal migration molecules. Based on these findings, we provide additional evidence that the developmental mechanism of the oculomotor and trochlear neurons exhibits more similarity with that of special visceral motoneurons than with that controlling the generation of somatic motoneurons located in the murine caudal hindbrain and spinal cord.
|
|
| 6. |
- Puelles, E, et al.
(författare)
-
Otx2 regulates the extent, identity and fate of neuronal progenitor domains in the ventral midbrain
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 131:9, s. 2037-2048
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The specification of distinct neuronal cell-types is controlled by inducing signals whose interpretation in distinct areas along the central nervous system provides neuronal progenitors with a precise and typical expression code of transcription factors.To gain insights into this process, we investigated the role of Otx2 in the specification of identity and fate of neuronal progenitors in the ventral midbrain. To achieve this, Otx2 was inactivated by Cre recombinase under the transcriptional control of En1. Lack of Otx2 in the ventrolateral and posterior midbrain results in a dorsal expansion of Shh expression and in a dorsal and anterior rotation of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary and Fgf8 expression. Indeed, in this mutant correct positioning of the ventral site of midbrain-hindbrain boundary and Fgf8 expression are efficiently controlled by Otx1 function, thus allowing the study of the identity and fate of neuronal progenitors of the ventral midbrain in the absence of Otx2. Our results suggest that Otx2 acts in two ways: by repressing Nkx2.2 in the ventral midbrain and maintaining the Nkx6.1-expressing domain through dorsal antagonism on Shh. Failure of this control affects the identity code and fate of midbrain progenitors, which exhibit features in common with neuronal precursors of the rostral hindbrain even though the midbrain retains its regional identity and these neuronal precursors are rostral to Fgf8 expression. Dopaminergic neurons are greatly reduced in number, red nucleus precursors disappear from the ventral midbrain where a relevant number of serotonergic neurons are generated. These results indicate that Otx2 is an essential regulator of the identity, extent and fate of neuronal progenitor domains in the ventral midbrain and provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which neuronal diversity is generated in the central nervous system.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ten Donkelaar, Hans J., et al.
(författare)
-
Towards a Terminologia Neuroanatomica
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y. Print). - : WILEY. - 0897-3806 .- 1098-2353. ; 30:2, s. 145-155
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with a recent revision of the terminology of the Sections Central Nervous System (CNS; Systema nervosum centrale) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS; Systema nervosum periphericum) of the Terminologia Anatomica (TA, 1998) and the Terminologia Histologica (TH, 2008). These sections were extensively updated by the Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT) Working Group Neuroanatomy of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). After extensive discussions by FIPAT, and consultation with the IFAA Member Societies, these parts were merged to form a Terminologia Neuroanatomica (TNA). After validation at the IFAA Executive Meeting, September 22, 2016, the TNA has been placed on the open part of the FIPAT website () as the official FIPAT Terminology. This article outlines the major differences between the TNA and the TA. Clin. Anat. 30:145-155, 2017. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
|
