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- Forsgren, Sture, et al.
(författare)
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TNF-Alpha in the Locomotor System beyond Joints : High Degree of Involvement in Myositis in a Rabbit Model.
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rheumatology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-9260 .- 1687-9279. ; 2012, s. 637452-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of TNF-alpha in arthritis is well documented. It may be that TNF-alpha is also markedly involved in muscle inflammation (myositis). An animal model where this can be investigated is needed. A newly developed rabbit myositis model involving pronounced muscle overuse and local injections of substances having proinflammatory effects was therefore used in the present study. The aim was to investigate the patterns of TNF-alpha expression in the developing myositis and to evaluate the usefulness of this myositis model for further TNF-alpha research. Human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue was examined as a reference. TNF-alpha immunoexpression and TNF-alpha mRNA, visualized via in situ hybridization, were detected in cells in the inflammatory infiltrates of the affected muscle (soleus muscle). Coexistence of TNF-alpha and CD68 immunoreactions was noted, suggesting that the TNF-alpha reactive cells are macrophages. Expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was also noted in muscle fibers and blood vessel walls in areas with inflammation. These findings demonstrate that TNF-alpha is highly involved in the myositis process. The model can be used in further studies evaluating the importance of TNF-alpha in developing myositis.
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| 2. |
- Gaida, James Edmund, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of the TNF-α system in the human Achilles tendon : expression of TNF-α and TNF receptor at both protein and mRNA levels in the tenocytes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cells Tissues Organs. - : S. Karger. - 1422-6405 .- 1422-6421. ; 196:4, s. 339-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding adaption to load is essential for prevention and treatment of tendinopathy/tendinosis. Cytokine release in response to load is one mechanism involved in mechanotransduction. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is implicated in tendinosis and can induce apoptotic effects via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). The complete absence of information concerning the TNF-α system in Achilles tendon is a limitation as mid-portion Achilles tendinosis is very frequent. Purpose: To examine expression patterns of TNF-α and its two receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) in human Achilles tendinosis and control tissue and to biochemically confirm the presence of TNF-α in tendinosis tissue. Methods: TNF-α and TNFR1 mRNA were detected via in situ hybridization. TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2 were demonstrated immunohistochemically. Apoptosis markers were utilized. ELISA was used to detect TNF-α. Results: TNF-α and TNFR1 mRNA was detected in tenocytes of both tendinosis and control tendons. Tenocytes from both groups displayed specific immunoreactions for TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2. The widened/rounded tenocytes of tendinosis samples exhibited the most intense immunoreactions. Apoptosis was detected in only a subpopulation of the tenocytes in tendinosis tissue. TNF-α was measurable in tendinosis tissue. Inflammatory cells were not seen. Conclusion: This is the first evidence of the existence of the TNF-α system in the human Achilles tendon. Findings are confirmed at mRNA and protein levels as well as biochemically. The TNF-α system was in principle confined to the tenocytes. The connection between tenocyte morphology and the expression pattern of TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2 suggests that the TNF-α system may be involved in tenocyte activation in Achilles tendinosis.
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| 3. |
- Rio, Ebonie Kendra, et al.
(författare)
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ICON PART-T 2019-International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus : recommended standards for reporting participant characteristics in tendinopathy research (PART-T)
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 54:11, s. 627-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to establish consensus for reporting recommendations relating to participant characteristics in tendon research. A scoping literature review of tendinopathy studies (Achilles, patellar, hamstring, gluteal and elbow) was followed by an online survey and face-to-face consensus meeting with expert healthcare professionals (HCPs) at the International Scientific Tendon Symposium, Groningen 2018. We reviewed 263 papers to form statements for consensus and invited 30 HCPs from different disciplines and geographical locations; 28 completed the survey and 15 attended the meeting. There was consensus that the following data should be reported for cases and controls: sex, age, standing height, body mass, history of tendinopathy, whether imaging was used to confirm pathology, loading tests, pain location, symptom duration and severity, level of disability, comorbidities, physical activity level, recruitment source and strategies, and medication use history. Standardised reporting of participant characteristics aims to benefit patients and clinicians by guiding researchers in the conduct of their studies. We provide free resources to facilitate researchers adopting our recommendations.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Scott, Alex, et al.
(författare)
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Sports and exercise-related tendinopathies : a review of selected topical issues by participants of the second International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium (ISTS) Vancouver 2012
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - London, England : BMJ Publishing Group. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 47:9, s. 536-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In September 2010, the first International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium (ISTS) was held in Umea, Sweden, to establish a forum for original scientific and clinical insights in this growing field of clinical research and practice. The second ISTS was organised by the same group and held in Vancouver, Canada, in September 2012. This symposium was preceded by a round-table meeting in which the participants engaged in focused discussions, resulting in the following overview of tendinopathy clinical and research issues. This paper is a narrative review and summary developed during and after the second ISTS. The document is designed to highlight some key issues raised at ISTS 2012, and to integrate them into a shared conceptual framework. It should be considered an update and a signposting document rather than a comprehensive review. The document is developed for use by physiotherapists, physicians, athletic trainers, massage therapists and other health professionals as well as team coaches and strength/conditioning managers involved in care of sportspeople or workers with tendinopathy.
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| 6. |
- Vicenzino, Bill, et al.
(författare)
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ICON 2019-International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus : There are nine core health-related domains for tendinopathy (CORE DOMAINS): Delphi study of healthcare professionals and patients
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 54:8, s. 444-451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe absence of any agreed-upon tendon health-related domains hampers advances in clinical tendinopathy research. This void means that researchers report a very wide range of outcome measures inconsistently. As a result, substantial synthesis/meta-analysis of tendon research findings is almost futile despite researchers publishing busily. We aimed to determine options for, and then define, core health-related domains for tendinopathy.MethodsWe conducted a Delphi study of healthcare professionals (HCP) and patients in a three-stage process. In stage 1, we extracted candidate domains from clinical trial reports and developed an online survey. Survey items took the form: 'The 'candidate domain' is important enough to be included as a core health-related domain of tendinopathy'; response options were: agree, disagree, or unsure. In stage 2, we administered the online survey and reported the findings. Stage 3 consisted of discussions of the findings of the survey at the ICON (International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus) meeting. We set 70% participant agreement as the level required for a domain to be considered 'core'; similarly, 70% agreement was required for a domain to be relegated to 'not core' (see Results next).ResultsTwenty-eight HCP (92% of whom had >10 years of tendinopathy experience, 71% consulted >10 cases per month) and 32 patients completed the online survey. Fifteen HCP and two patients attended the consensus meeting. Of an original set of 24 candidate domains, the ICON group deemed nine domains to be core. These were: (1) patient rating of condition, (2) participation in life activities (day to day, work, sport), (3) pain on activity/loading, (4) function, (5) psychological factors, (6) physical function capacity, (7) disability, (8) quality of life and (9) pain over a specified time. Two of these (2, 6) were an amalgamation of five candidate domains. We agreed that seven other candidate domains were not core domains: range of motion, pain on clinician applied test, clinical examination, palpation, drop out, sensory modality pain and pain without other specification. We were undecided on the other five candidate domains of physical activity, structure, medication use, adverse effects and economic impact.ConclusionNine core domains for tendon research should guide reporting of outcomes in clinical trials. Further research should determine the best outcome measures for each specific tendinopathy (ie, core outcome sets).
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| 7. |
- Wangensteen, Arnlaug, et al.
(författare)
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Rehabilitation of hamstring injuries
- 2020
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Ingår i: Prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring injuries. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030316372 - 9783030316389 ; , s. 225-270
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main aim of hamstring injury rehabilitation is to facilitate that the athlete is returning to sport at highest possible performance level as fast as possible but with a minimal risk of reinjury. The characteristics and presentation of the different hamstring injury types may guide the clinician toward a specific and appropriate rehabilitation plan, including rehabilitation goals with adequate progression and loading through stepwise rehabilitation phases. This chapter summarizes the evidence for hamstring rehabilitation programs following athletic hamstring injuries. The chapter covers acute hamstring muscle injuries, complete hamstring tendon avulsion ruptures, apophyseal avulsion fractures, and proximal hamstring tendinopathies. It further provides recommendations for how to optimize the rehabilitation process for the specific hamstring injury types.
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