| 1. |
- Griessler, Erich, et al.
(författare)
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Xenotransplantation as policy problem : Comparing public debate and policies in an international perspective
- 2012
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Ingår i: Xenotransplantation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0908-665X .- 1399-3089. ; 19:1, s. 15-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Xenotransplantation research had a hype in the late 1990s and early 2000s and was by then considered a therapeutic option with huge financial potential which was to become clinical standard practice in the near future. Driven by these economic hopes and by the expectation that xenotransplantation might alleviate the so-called organ shortage, governmental actors in different countries but also international organizations (WHO, OECD, Council of Europe) and EU institutions started to think about the implications of xenotransplantation and how to regulate this potential new technology.Xenotransplantation, however, for several reasons was not an uncontroversial technology. In the aftermath of food crises, the GMO conflict and blood scandals connected to HIV and hepatitis, xenotransplantation not only raised serious risk problems – connected to xenozoonosis – there were also basic human rights and animal welfare at stake. These were hotly discussed not only within science but also by different NGOs.In this situation many countries and international organizations carried out Technology Assessment (TA) and participatory Technology Assessment (pTA) procedures which should inform policy-makers about what to do.In my presentation I will compare attempts of TA and pTA on xenotransplantation in different countries and international organization (Austria, Canada, Denmark, Latvia, Netherlands, Sweden, UK, Switzerland OECD, and the European Commission). The paper addresses the following questions: How was xenotransplantation framed as a topic in these countries and institutions? In which settings of TA and pTA was xenotransplantation discussed? Who was included and excluded in policy making? In what way? What was the impact of TA and PTA on policy-making? What can we learn from these examples for negotiating techno-scientific futures in complex societies?The paper draws on an international comparative research project about the impact of citizen participation in knowledge-intensive policy fields (CIT-PART) financed by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Programme (Project Number: SSH-CT-2008-225327). For this research, document analysis of literature and media reports has been carried out. One main source, however, were interviews with people involved in pTA and TA either as participants, researchers, civil servants, politicians, stakeholders and practitioners of TA and pTA. For preliminary results see www.cit-art.at.
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| 2. |
- Hansson, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
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Framing the public : The policy process around xenotransplantation in Latvia and Sweden from 1970 to 2004
- 2011
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 38:8, s. 629-637
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A crucial debate is under way concerning the public's participation in biotechnology decision-making processes. This study, concerning the policy process around xenotransplantation (XTP) in Latvia and Sweden in the period 1970–2004, focuses on how scientific experts and politicians view the public and the public's participation in the process of developing policy regarding XTP. Drawing on interviews with actors involved in XTP in each country, we analyse and explain the inclusion and exclusion of publics in policy decision-making processes. In particular, we highlight the significance of the role of scientists and politicians in generating discourses which exclude the public from participation in policy decision-making.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
-
Framing the public: the policy process around xenotransplantation in Latvia and Sweden 1970-2004
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 1471-5430. ; 38:8, s. 629-637
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A crucial debate is under way concerning the public's participation in biotechnology decision-making processes. This study, concerning the policy process around xenotransplantation (XTP) in Latvia and Sweden in the period 1970-2004, focuses on how scientific experts and politicians view the public and the public's participation in the process of developing policy regarding XTP. Drawing on interviews with actors involved in XTP in each country, we analyse and explain the inclusion and exclusion of publics in policy decision-making processes. In particular, we highlight the significance of the role of scientists and politicians in generating discourses which exclude the public from participation in policy decision-making.
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| 4. |
- Leontowitsch, Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory action research on webs of caring in the digital age across four European countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Quality in Ageing and Older Adults. - West Yorkshire : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2044-1827 .- 2044-1835.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The digital age requires people of all ages to communicate and organise their lives through digital technologies. The project EQualCare investigates how the growing population of older people living alone is managing this transition, how it shapes their (non-)digital social networks and what changes on a local level need to be brought about. This paper aims to give insight into the process of participatory action research (PAR) with older people in the community across four countries and reflects on experiences made by academic and co-researchers.Design/methodology/approach: Following the emancipatory underpinnings of PAR, which aims to reduce inequalities through collaboration and co-design, EQualCare involved nine teams of co-researchers across Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden making older people the centre of policy development. Co-researchers were involved in formulating research aims, collecting data, reflecting on data, formulating and disseminating recommendations for local policy stakeholders.Findings: Co-researchers’ motivation to invest considerable time and effort was driven by a desire to create a more equal future for older people living alone. Moreover, they were keen to involve marginalised older people and became frustrated when this proved difficult. Power dynamics played a role throughout the process but became productive as roles and responsibilities were renegotiated. Doing PAR with older people can be emotionally challenging for co-researchers when negative feelings around ageing are encountered.Originality/value: The paper advances understanding on the process of PAR in ageing research by reflecting on the social, cultural and political contexts of doing PAR with diverse sets of older people.
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| 5. |
- Leontowitsch, Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Participatory action research on webs of caring in the digital age across four European countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: Quality in Ageing and Older Adults (QAOA). - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2044-1827 .- 2044-1835. ; 25:1, s. 21-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The digital age requires people of all ages to communicate and organise their lives through digital technologies. The project EQualCare investigates how the growing population of older people living alone is managing this transition, how it shapes their (non-)digital social networks and what changes on a local level need to be brought about. This paper aims to give insight into the process of participatory action research (PAR) with older people in the community across four countries and reflects on experiences made by academic and co-researchers. Design/methodology/approach Following the emancipatory underpinnings of PAR, which aims to reduce inequalities through collaboration and co-design, EQualCare involved nine teams of co-researchers across Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden making older people the centre of policy development. Co-researchers were involved in formulating research aims, collecting data, reflecting on data, formulating and disseminating recommendations for local policy stakeholders. Findings Co-researchers' motivation to invest considerable time and effort was driven by a desire to create a more equal future for older people living alone. Moreover, they were keen to involve marginalised older people and became frustrated when this proved difficult. Power dynamics played a role throughout the process but became productive as roles and responsibilities were renegotiated. Doing PAR with older people can be emotionally challenging for co-researchers when negative feelings around ageing are encountered. Originality/value The paper advances understanding on the process of PAR in ageing research by reflecting on the social, cultural and political contexts of doing PAR with diverse sets of older people.
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