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- Kemppinen, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography
- 2024
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Ingår i: GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 33:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brief introduction: What are microclimates and why are they important?Microclimate science has developed into a global discipline. Microclimate science is increasingly used to understand and mitigate climate and biodiversity shifts. Here, we provide an overview of the current status of microclimate ecology and biogeography in terrestrial ecosystems, and where this field is heading next.Microclimate investigations in ecology and biogeographyWe highlight the latest research on interactions between microclimates and organisms, including how microclimates influence individuals, and through them populations, communities and entire ecosystems and their processes. We also briefly discuss recent research on how organisms shape microclimates from the tropics to the poles.Microclimate applications in ecosystem managementMicroclimates are also important in ecosystem management under climate change. We showcase new research in microclimate management with examples from biodiversity conservation, forestry and urban ecology. We discuss the importance of microrefugia in conservation and how to promote microclimate heterogeneity.Methods for microclimate scienceWe showcase the recent advances in data acquisition, such as novel field sensors and remote sensing methods. We discuss microclimate modelling, mapping and data processing, including accessibility of modelling tools, advantages of mechanistic and statistical modelling and solutions for computational challenges that have pushed the state-of-the-art of the field.What's next?We identify major knowledge gaps that need to be filled for further advancing microclimate investigations, applications and methods. These gaps include spatiotemporal scaling of microclimate data, mismatches between macroclimate and microclimate in predicting responses of organisms to climate change, and the need for more evidence on the outcomes of microclimate management.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Kurihara, Shinobu, et al.
(författare)
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4-station ultra-rapid EOP experiment with e-VLBI technique and automated correlation/analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Reports of the Finnish Geodetic Institute, Proceedings of the 21st Meeting of the European VLBI Group for Geodesy and Astronomy, Ed. by N. Zubko and M. Poutanen Kirkkonummi. - 0355-1962. - 9789517112970 ; 2013:1:1, s. 233-236
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since 2007, the Geospatial Information Authorityof Japan (GSI) and the Onsala Space Observatory(OSO) have performed the ultra-rapid dUT1 experiments,which can provide us with near real-timedUT1 value. Its technical knowledge has already beenadopted for the regular series of the Tsukuba-Wettzellintensive session. Now we tried some 4-station ultrarapidEOP experiments in association with Hobart andHartRAO so that we can estimate not only dUT1 butalso the two polar motion parameters. In this experimenta new analysis software c5++ developed by theNational Institute of Information and CommunicationsTechnology (NICT) was used. We describe past developmentsand an overview of the experiment, and concludewith its results in this report.
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| 4. |
- Litvinov, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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Probing the gravitational redshift with an Earth-orbiting satellite
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9601. ; 382:33, s. 2192-2198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an approach to testing the gravitational redshift effect using the RadioAstron satellite. The experiment is based on a modification of the Gravity Probe A scheme of nonrelativistic Doppler compensation and benefits from the highly eccentric orbit and ultra-stable atomic hydrogen maser frequency standard of the RadioAstron satellite. Using the presented techniques we expect to reach an accuracy of the gravitational redshift test of order 10−5, a magnitude better than that of Gravity Probe A. Data processing is ongoing, our preliminary results agree with the validity of the Einstein Equivalence Principle.
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