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| 2. |
- Baldi, Enrico, et al.
(författare)
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The Automated External Defibrillator : Heterogeneity of Legislation, Mapping and Use across Europe. New Insights from the ENSURE Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 10:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The rapid use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) is crucial for increased survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Many factors could play a role in limiting the chance of an AED use. We aimed to verify the situation regarding AED legislation, the AED mapping system and first responders (FRs) equipped with an AED across European countries.Methods: We performed a survey across Europe entitled "European Study about AED Use by Lay Rescuers " (ENSURE), asking the national coordinators of the European Registry of Cardiac Arrest (EuReCa) program to complete it.Results: Nineteen European countries replied to the survey request for a population covering 128,297,955 inhabitants. The results revealed that every citizen can use an AED in 15 countries whereas a training certificate was required in three countries. In one country, only EMS personnel were allowed to use an AED. An AED mapping system and FRs equipped with an AED were available in only 11 countries. The AED use rate was 12-59% where AED mapping and FR systems were implemented, which was considerably higher than in other countries (0-7.9%), reflecting the difference in OHCA survival.Conclusions: Our survey highlighted a heterogeneity in AED legislation, AED mapping systems and AED use in Europe, which was reflected in different AED use and survival.
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| 3. |
- jsessionid=18B0653575ADA5FE168BC397D2678FC8.c3.iopscience.cld.iop.org, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Mathematical models of transport phenomena associated with arc-welding processes: A survey
- 1994
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Ingår i: Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering. - : IOP Publishing. - 0965-0393 .- 1361-651X. ; 2:5, s. 995-1016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive survey is presented of research on transport phenomena, that is, heat flow, fluid flow, mass transfer, and electrodynamics, associated with arc welding. Both gas-metal arc-welding (GMAW) and gas-tungsten arc welding (GTAW) systems are considered, and appropriate emphasis is placed on the intrinsic differences between these systems. The topics discussed include the behaviour of the arc, and its interaction with both the electrode and the surrounding medium, on the one hand, and the behaviour of the weld pool on the other. The limited work done on the coupling between arcs, electrodes, and weld pools is also discussed, as are some process-control issues, but the problems of thermal stress evolution and stress-induced deformation in the solid state are not treated. A critical discussion of the comparison between model predictions and experimental measurements is a key feature of the presentation, which concludes with a discussion of the critical problems that still need to be addressed.
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| 4. |
- Jönsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Power characteristics in GMAW: experimental and numerical investigation
- 1995
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Ingår i: Welding Journal. - 0043-2296. ; 74:3, s. 93s-102s
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The voltage and power distributions in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) were studied both experimentally and numerically. The principal voltage drop takes place in the arc, which also constitutes the dominant power contribution. Within the arc, the dominating voltage contributions are from the arc column and the cathode fall, while the anode fall and the electrode regions are less significant. The power input to the arc column increases with both increasing current and increasing arc length. These results indicate that it is critical to control the arc length in order to control the power input to the system.
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| 5. |
- Morris, John A, et al.
(författare)
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An atlas of genetic influences on osteoporosis in humans and mice.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 51, s. 258-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoporosis is a common aging-related disease diagnosed primarily using bone mineral density (BMD). We assessed genetic determinants of BMD as estimated by heel quantitative ultrasound in 426,824 individuals, identifying 518 genome-wide significant loci (301 novel), explaining 20% of its variance. We identified 13 bone fracture loci, all associated with estimated BMD (eBMD), in ~1.2 million individuals. We then identified target genes enriched for genes known to influence bone density and strength (maximum odds ratio (OR)=58, P=1 × 10-75) from cell-specific features, including chromatin conformation and accessible chromatin sites. We next performed rapid-throughput skeletal phenotyping of 126 knockout mice with disruptions in predicted target genes and found an increased abnormal skeletal phenotype frequency compared to 526 unselected lines (P<0.0001). In-depth analysis of one gene, DAAM2, showed a disproportionate decrease in bone strength relative to mineralization. This genetic atlas provides evidence linking associated SNPs to causal genes, offers new insight into osteoporosis pathophysiology, and highlights opportunities for drug development.
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