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- Mulinari, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2006
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Ingår i: Bortom etnicitet : festskrift till Aleksandra Ålund. - 9189140443 - 9789189140448
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Hultén, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Makt, kultur och kontroll över invandrares livsvillkor : Multidimensionella perspektiv på strukturell diskriminering i Sverige
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med sitt breda spektrum av perspektiv på diskrimineringens strukturella dimensioner avser denna antologi att bidra till en ökad förståelse av problemets karaktär och ett mer nyanserat samtal om orsaker och möjliga åtgärder emot etnisk ojämlikhet. En analys av så komplexa fenomen som etnisk diskriminering och social exkludering fordrar en mångfald teorier och metoder. I den här antologin finner vi prov på ett flertal olika samhällsvetenskapliga metoder. Ett strukturellt och maktorienterat perspektiv har väglett valet av artiklar om “invandrarproblematiken” och de samhälleliga maktförhållandena och demokratin i Sverige. Särskilda mekanismer som verkar inom samhällets institutioner och kulturella formationer som diskriminerar, exkluderar och omyndigförklarar invandrare har identifierats. Boken består av tre delar. Del I presenterar diskrimineringens kognitiva och diskursiva former, och syftar till att ge en mer generell bild av hur uppfattningar om människors olikheter skapas, normaliseras och legitimeras. Del II visar hur diskrimineringen verkar på en institutionell nivå, och hur maktutövning, beslut och praktiker i olika institutionella kontexter drabbar utsatta invandrade grupper i det svenska samhället. Del III fokuserar på diskriminerande krafter och motkrafter i civilsamhället och på den politiska arenan. Vidare diskuteras vad för slags antidiskriminerande och ”antirasifierande” krafter som finns i samhället och hur de fungerar. Några av antologins centrala slutsatser är:(1) Det är en ganska dyster bild av det mångkulturella Sverige som framträder i de olika artiklarna. Etnisk diskriminering och exkludering är robusta eftersom de består av många ömsesidigt förstärkande mekanismer.(2) Det svenska samhällets respons till invandrarna framstår som en komplex blandning av välvilja, solidariska åsikter och ideal, samt inskränkta, protektionistiska eller till och med xenofobiska ståndpunkter.(3) Det Sverige som träder fram genom antologins analyser är inte genomgående ett samhälle som präglas av exkludering – det finns många positiva krafter och utvecklingar i motstånd till rasism och diskriminering.(4) Däremot finns det en viss tendens för en rasifierad politik att breda ut sig. Goda intentioner räcker inte. Det behövs en systematisk kamp grundad på mänskliga värderingar och kunskap om strukturella mekanismer för att åstadkomma jämlikhet och allas välstånd i ett demokratiskt mångkulturellt samhälle.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Hans, 1974-
(författare)
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Spelets regler : raggning och flirt på krogen
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on sexualized behaviour in nightclubs and pubs. It describes the patterns of interaction and the rituals characterizing nightlife “clubbing” and “pubbing” environments, and relates these to gender specific norms and ideals. Special focus is on men’s and women’s experiences of, and strategies in, nightlife clubbing environments, as well as on how they regard such behaviours as picking up potential sexual partners (“going on the pull”) and flirting.The study is based on fieldwork conducted in the nightclubs and pubs of Umeå. The fieldwork consisted of fifty nights out, during which data was collected through observations and participant observation. Ten women and nine men between the ages of twenty-one and thirty-two were interviewed individually or in groups.The analysis starts with a description of those behaviours that distinguish the club and pub environment as compared with everyday life. The suspension of everyday norms, allows for the relaxed behaviour associated with “partying”, and not least allowing for strangers to have sexualized encounters.Picking up sexual partners and flirting is analysed at different levels and from different perspectives. The meaning of flirting behaviour is related to discussions of sexual morals. Flirting is seen as a harmless and playful form of behaviour seeped through with notions of love, romance and coupledom. Picking up sexual partners is, on the other hand, behaviour associated with sexual urges, and is thus talked of as a sordid, low-life form of action.The study includes descriptions of mutually appreciated situations of picking-up and flirting behaviour and also its opposite - rejection behaviours, that seek to deflect and break off attempts at sexualized contact. The observations indicate that men and women use different strategies when participating in such events. Women’s behavioural strategies are premised on a rejecting attitude vis-à-vis men, which reflect ideals of respectability and a more restrictive sexual morale for women. Women’s ability to exert discretion and care in her choice of a man, and to reject unsuitable men, is interpreted as an indication of self-control and self-respect.Amongst men, “going on the pull” appears to be associated with notions of “conquering”, which in turn is seen as a form of manly performance. “Going on the pull” gives men an opportunity to prove themselves, but is also a source of a feeling of powerlessness and lack of control – as “pulling” needs to be conducted on women’s terms and conditions.Observations from pubs and clubs in the field, suggest that pretending to reject (token resistance) is a normalized part of women’s strategies. The existence of token resistance reinforces the notion of “a woman’s no means yes” and contributes to the unclear boundaries between rejection and consent. This is evident in situations where women experience unwished-for attentions from men and have difficulty rejecting them.
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| 8. |
- Droppe, Adam, 1969-
(författare)
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Konstitueringen av ett vetenskapligt begrepp : Exemplet - det manliga klimakteriet
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How are new scientific concepts of illnesses and disorder formed? The last fifty years have seen a dramatic increase in new diagnoses incorporated into medical manuals. The concept of the male menopause, or the andropause diagnosis, is suitable for studying how medical knowledge is produced, since it has alternated between being and not being part of the acknowledged medical knowledge since the beginning of the 19th century, when it was originally launched. After being rather unnoticed during the 20th century, the concept of the male menopause had a renaissance in the 1990s’. The andropause then became a specific research area, articles about the male menopause were widely published in medical journals, specific therapies were developed, and andropause clinics opened around the world.The thesis explores what combination of circumstances lay behind the establishment of the andropause as a scientific object in the 1990s’. The purpose was to find out what the institutionalization of the (concept of the) andropause shows about the production of science, specifically medical knowledge.Methodologically, the study can be described as an analysis of ideas, where the ideas contained in the concept of a male menopause are in focus. Accordingly, the research materials were scientific literature, media, and other documents where the idea of a male menopause was expressed. The analysis was structured in four divisions.First, the andropause theory was studied to find any obvious scientific explanations, such as new knowledge or discoveries. “Pure science” could not explain the breakthrough of the andropause diagnosis, since the andropause theory is laden with uncertainties according to the scientific principles of evaluation that the medical science itself supports.Second, the social organization of the medical knowledge production was inquired with focus on the medical profession, and the andropause theory was found to offer new professional arenas.Third, factors outside profession and science were found, the extra scientific dimensions, primarily cultural conditions and social structures. The emergence of feminist theory was found to change the perception of men in the culture, where the male norm no longer is self-evident. Fourth, in the social structure, pharmaceutical companies were found to engage strongly in the andropause concept.Together these factors constituted the andopause as a scientific object. The thesis demonstrates: the advantage of a multi perspective analysis: the complexity of the development of concepts of disease: the weakness of the epistemology of evidence-based medicine: and the social and cultural foundation of science.
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| 9. |
- Droppe, Adam, 1969-
(författare)
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Konstitueringen av ett vetenskapligt objekt : Exemplet - det manliga klimakteriet
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How are new scientific concepts of illnesses and disorder formed? The last fifty years have seen a dramatic increase in new diagnoses incorporated into medical manuals. The concept of the male menopause, or the andropause diagnosis, is suitable for studying how medical knowledge is produced, since it has alternated between being and not being part of the acknowledged medical knowledge since the beginning of the 19th century, when it was originally launched. After being rather unnoticed during the 20th century, the concept of the male menopause had a renaissance in the 1990s’. The andropause then became a specific research area, articles about the male menopause were widely published in medical journals, specific therapies were developed, and andropause clinics opened around the world. The thesis explores what combination of circumstances lay behind the establishment of the andropause as a scientific object in the 1990s’. The purpose was to find out what the institutionalization of the (concept of the) andropause shows about the production of science, specifically medical knowledge. Methodologically, the study can be described as an analysis of ideas, where the ideas contained in the concept of a male menopause are in focus. Accordingly, the research materials were scientific literature, media, and other documents where the idea of a male menopause was expressed. The analysis was structured in four divisions. First, the andropause theory was studied to find any obvious scientific explanations, such as new knowledge or discoveries. “Pure science” could not explain the breakthrough of the andropause diagnosis, since the andropause theory is laden with uncertainties according to the scientific principles of evaluation that the medical science itself supports. Second, the social organization of the medical knowledge production was inquired with focus on the medical profession, and the andropause theory was found to offer new professional arenas. Third, factors outside profession and science were found, the extra scientific dimensions, primarily cultural conditions and social structures. The emergence of feminist theory was found to change the perception of men in the culture, where the male norm no longer is self-evident. Fourth, in the social structure, pharmaceutical companies were found to engage strongly in the andropause concept. Together these factors constituted the andopause as a scientific object. The thesis demonstrates: the advantage of a multi perspective analysis: the complexity of the development of concepts of disease: the weakness of the epistemology of evidence-based medicine: and the social and cultural foundation of science.
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| 10. |
- González Ramos, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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Intruders and outsiders in academia : the intersections of gender and class
- 2023
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Ingår i: International perspectives on higher education research. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781802623062 - 9781802623055 ; , s. 77-94
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter the authors analyse different forms of gender and class discrimination in Spanish academic institutions. Androcentrism in terms of the structures of academic institutions, the meritocratic system, the rhythms and contents of work present barriers for women advancing into positions of leadership. The intersectionality of gender and class provides different kinds of hurdles and possibilities for women and men from middle-class and working-class backgrounds. Relationships between (mostly male) supervisors and men and women researchers tend to strengthen men's capabilities of developing their own scientific aspirations and claims to leadership, while women tend to become subordinated supporters of their supervisors' objectives. Power structures dominated by men's values have the effect that some women do not perceive leadership positions as desirable.
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