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- Brochhausen, C., et al.
(författare)
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Expression of CD68 positive macrophages in the use of different barrier materials to prevent peritoneal adhesions-an animal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-4530 .- 1573-4838. ; 28:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In preventing postoperative adhesion formation the optimal barrier material has still not been found. It is therefore imperative to assess the biocompatibility of potential barrier devices. Macrophages play a decisive role in the regulation of wound healing, tissue regeneration and foreign body reaction. Since the number of CD68-positive macrophages represents an important parameter within biomaterial testing, in the present study it was analysed whether a correlation exists between the total number of CD68-positive macrophages and the extent of fibrosis or inflammation in peritoneal adhesion prevention using biomaterials. After standardized peritoneal wounding, Wistar rats were treated with five adhesion barriers or remained untreated as a control. After 14 days, animals were sacrificed and the treated areas were evaluated histomorphologically and immunohistologically. A heterogeneous pattern of macrophage count in relation to fibrosis or inflammation was found. While some groups described a moderate macrophage infiltration without fibrosis, others showed similar numbers of macrophages, but accompanied by moderate fibrosis. Moreover, a minimal number of macrophages was associated with minimal fibrosis. Mild inflammation was seen both with minimal and moderate macrophage infiltration. Altogether, no correlation could be established between the tissue response and the count of CD68-positive macrophages. With a view to macrophage heterogeneity further studies are required to determine the different macrophage subpopulations and clarify the role of these in the tissue responses to barrier materials.
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- Dunjić, B. S., et al.
(författare)
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The rat gastric phospholipids : Increased in ulcerated mucosa and decreased after healing
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Surgical Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0014-312X .- 1421-9921. ; 25:6, s. 376-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The composition and content of the gastric phospholipids were followed during development and healing of indometha-cin-induced chronic, antral ulcers in rats. The individual phospholipids were identified by thin-layer chromatography and quantitatively estimated by spectrophotometric analysis of phosphate. No changes were found in phospholipid composition and content after a 24-hour fast or during the first 24 h after indomethacin was given. The total phospholipid content and the content of lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine were increased on the 5th day, when chronic ulcers were established. After 4 weeks, when the ulcers were healed, the total phospholipid content, and content of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol, respectively, were decreased, while the content of lysophosphatidylcholine was increased. In conclusion, the composition and content of gastric phospholipids were altered in rats with ulcers as well as in rats with healed ulcers.
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- Khan, Jalaluddin A., et al.
(författare)
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Osteoporosis knowledge and awareness among university students in Saudi Arabia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Archives of Osteoporosis. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-3522 .- 1862-3514. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Awareness and knowledge about any disease is the first step to prevent and treat it, so this study evaluates osteoporosis awareness and knowledge in university students. Our results showed a high awareness and good knowledge of osteoporosis. Females were better informed than males. Knowledge increased with increasing education level. PURPOSE: Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem, including Saudi Arabia where vitamin D deficiency is common. Prevention of osteoporosis must begin by increasing awareness of the disease from a young age. This study aimed to assess awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis among young adults (18-30 years) attending Saudi universities, exploring the relationship between education and gender and the sources of information in this age group. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 337 students (176 females; 161 males) randomly selected from four Saudi universities during January-December 2017. Education level ranged from preparatory year to undergraduate and postgraduate levels. A self-reported questionnaire was designed to assess awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis across several domains, including risk factors for the disease, prevalence, symptoms, prevention, and treatment. RESULTS: Overall, 92% of students had some awareness of osteoporosis through a variety of sources, predominantly via friends. Just over half of all students had a good or high knowledge level overall (53.4 ± 16.6%). Knowledge score correlated with education (r2 = 0.28) and gender (r2 = 0.27); p < 0.0001. Females were better informed than males (57.7 ± 15.4% vs 48.8 ± 16.8%; p < 0.0001). Knowledge increased with increasing education level (preparatory year (47.8 ± 15.3%), undergraduate (53.5 ± 16.5%), and postgraduate (61.8 ± 15.8%); all p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Knowledge of osteoporosis was good among university students in Saudi Arabia, higher in females and with increasing years of education. Overall, students were more knowledgeable about risk factors compared to other aspects such as symptoms, prevention, or treatment of osteoporosis.
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- Schmitt, V. H., et al.
(författare)
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Tissue response to five commercially available peritoneal adhesion barriers-A systematic histological evaluation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B-Applied Biomaterials. - : Wiley. - 1552-4973. ; 106:2, s. 598-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Separating wounded serosa by physical barriers is the only clinically approved adjunct for postoperative adhesion prevention. Since the optimal adhesion barrier has not been found, it is essential to improve our pathogenic understanding of adhesion formation and to compare the effects of different barrier materials on tissue and cells. Wistar rats underwent standardized peritoneal damage and were treated either with Seprafilm, Adept, Intercoat, Spraygel, SupraSeal or remained untreated as a control. 14 days postoperatively, the lesions were explanted and histomorphologically analyzed using the European ISO score to evaluate material implants. Striking differences between the material groups were present regarding the inflammation, fibrosis, and foreign body reaction. According to the ISO score, Intercoat and Spraygel were considered as nonirritating to tissue. Adept, Seprafilm, and SupraSeal were assessed as mild-irritating materials. Interestingly, the most effective material in adhesion prevention revealed moderate inflammation accompanied by minor fibrosis. The degree of inflammation to barrier materials does not predict the efficacy in the prevention of adhesions. Histopathological investigations are crucial to improve our understanding of the cellular mechanisms during adhesion formation and elucidate the tissue response to material approaches used in adhesion prevention. This will lead to improved antiadhesive strategies and the development of functional barrier biomaterials.
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- Svanberg, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational state of C-reactive protein is critical for reducing immune complex-triggered type I interferon response: Implications for pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases imprinted by type I interferon gene dysregulation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presence of autoantibodies targeting nuclear constituents, i.e., double-stranded DNA and small nuclear ribonu-cleoproteins (snRNPs), remain a cornerstone in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fc gamma receptor IIa (Fc gamma RIIa) dependent uptake of nucleic acid containing immune complexes (ICs) by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) can activate toll-like receptors (TLRs) such as TLR7 and TLR9 resulting in type I interferon (IFN) production. Pre-viously, the classical liver-derived acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) has been suggested to reduce IC -induced type I IFN production, whereas monomeric (mCRP) vs. pentameric (pCRP) mediated effects have not yet been unraveled. Herein, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or enriched blood DCs from healthy vol-unteers were stimulated with SLE sera, snRNP-IgG (ICs), or TLR ligands with or without pCRP, mCRP, or anti- Fc gamma RIIa antibody. Type I IFNs and cytokine responses were investigated using quantitative PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. pCRP inhibited IFN gene expression in PBMCs and enriched DCs after incubation with ICs, compared to ICs alone, whereas mCRP had significantly less inhibitory effect. The effect was independent on the order in which IC or CRP was added to the cells. In addition, pCRP inhibited IFN induced by other TLR stimulators, implicating broader inhibitory effects induced by pCRP. We demonstrate pronounced immunoregulatory functions of CRP whereas the inhibitory properties were evidently dependent on CRPs intact conformational state. The inhibition of type I IFNs was not due to competition of Fc gamma Rs, or binding of CRP to the ICs. Our findings have implications for autoimmune IC-mediated conditions imprinted by type I IFN gene dysregulation.
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