| 1. |
- Dhanya Raj, C.T., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic and metabolic properties of Staphylococcus gallinarum FCW1 MCC4687 isolated from naturally fermented coconut water towards GRAS assessment
- 2023
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Ingår i: Gene. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1119 .- 1879-0038. ; 867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus gallinarum FCW1 was isolated from naturally fermented coconut-water and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. Probiotic characterization and safety assessment were conducted through a series of in vitro tests. A high survival rate was observed when the strain was tested for resistance to bile, lysozyme, simulated gastric and intestinal fluid, phenol, and different temperature and salt concentrations. The strain showed antagonism against some pathogens, was susceptible to all antibiotics tested except penicillin, and showed no hemolytic and DNase activity. Hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, biofilm formation, and antioxidation tests indicated that the strain possessed a high adhesive and antioxidant ability. Enzymatic activity was used to evaluate the metabolic capacities of the strain. In-vivo experiment on zebrafish was performed to check its safety status. The whole-genome sequencing indicated that the genome contained 2,880,305 bp with a GC content of 33.23%. The genome annotation confirmed the presence of probiotic-associated genes and genes for oxalate degradation, sulfate reduction, acetate metabolism, and ammonium transport in the FCW1 strain, adding to the theory that this strain may be helpful in treating kidney stones. This study revealed that the strain FCW1 might be an excellent potential probiotic in developing fermented coconut beverages and treating and preventing kidney stone disease.
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| 2. |
- Dhanya Raj, C.T., et al.
(författare)
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Whole genome sequence analysis and in-vitro probiotic characterization of Bacillus velezensis FCW2 MCC4686 from spontaneously fermented coconut water
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 115:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the probiotic potential of B. velezensis FCW2, isolated from naturally fermented coconut water, was investigated by in vitro and genomic characterization. Our findings highlight key features of the bacterium which includes, antibacterial activity, high adhesive potential, aggregation capacity, production of nutrient secondary metabolites. In vivo safety assessment revealed no adverse effects on zebrafish. WGS data of B. velezensis FCW2 revealed a complete circular genome of 4,147,426 nucleotides and a GC content of 45.87%. We have identified 4059 coding sequence (CDS) genes that encode proteins involved in stress resistance, adhesion and micronutrient production. The genes responsible for producing secondary metabolites, exopolysaccharides, and other beneficial nutrients were identified. The KEGG and COG databases revealed that genes mainly involved amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate utilization, vitamin and cofactor metabolism, and biological adhesion. These findings suggest that B. velezensis FCW2 could be a putative probiotic in the development of fermented foods.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Karolina Ida Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Association between Legionella species and humic substances during early summer in the northern Baltic Sea
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-7745. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change is projected to cause alterations in northern coastal systems, including humification and intensified nutrient loads, which can lead to ecosystem imbalances and establishment of new bacterial species. Several potential pathogens, such as different species of Legionella, hide in the environment between infections, some by living inside protozoan host cells. Knowledge about the occurrence of Legionella in natural waters is missing, which disable risk assessments of exposure. We performed a study of the species diversity of Legionella in the northern Baltic Sea (Gulf of Bothnia) during early summer to map their occurrence and to identify possible environmental drivers. We detected Legionella and potential protozoan hosts along gradients of the Gulf of Bothnia. We also for the first time present third generation full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Nanopore) to resolve environmental species classification of Legionella, with a method suitable to study all bacteria. Our data show that full length 16S rRNA sequences is sufficient to resolve Legionella while the standard short Illumina sequences did not capture the entire diversity. For accurate species classification of Legionella, harmonization between the Nanopore classification methods is still needed and the bias toward the well-studied Legionella pneumophila need to be resolved. Different Legionella species occurred both in the Bothnian Sea and in the Bothnian Bay and their abundance were linked to humic substances and low salinity. The relative abundance of Legionella was higher in the humic-rich northern waters of the Bothnian Bay. The link between Legionella species and humic substances may be indirect via promotion of the heterotrophic microbial food web, allowing Legionella species and similar bacteria to establish. Humic substances are rich in iron, which has been shown crucial for growth of Legionella species and other pathogens. Considering climate change projections in this regional area, with increased humification and freshwater inflow, this bacterial niche containing potential pathogens might become more widespread in the future Baltic Sea. This study demonstrates the significance of DNA sequencing to monitor public health relevant bacteria like Legionella species in the environment. Including sequencing of bacteria and protozoa in the environmental monitoring programs could be used to identify ecosystem imbalances, which enable appropriate responses to emerging diseases.
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| 4. |
- Mahawar, Lovely, et al.
(författare)
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GABA as a signalling molecule: Possible mechanism for its enhanced commercial production by cyanobacteria
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Phycology. - : Springer. - 0921-8971 .- 1573-5176. ; 34, s. 2355-2369
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a ubiquitous non-protein amino acid widely distributed in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recently, it is gaining momentum to treat several human diseases. It is synthesized from glutamate, by glutamate decarboxylase a key enzyme in GABA shunt pathway and has been considered as one of the important bioactive compounds produced in response to several environmental stresses. GABA works as a signalling molecule that plays crucial role in biological organisms under adverse conditions. So far, the metabolism of GABA is extensively studied in plants and other eukaryotes, although in cyanobacteria GABA is less studied than in other prokaryotes. Hence the present review highlights the metabolic pathways of GABA production in cyanobacteria particularly the possible ways (via modifying the exogenous growth conditions and regulating gene expression) to enhance the endogenous GABA pool and its extraction in cost effective way to meet the rising demand due to its diverse physiological functions on human health. Alternatively, we discuss the effects of various environmental stresses in augmenting intracellular production in algal cells. Besides this, the review also emphasizes on different commercial applications of this compound in various industrial sectors such as pharmaceutical industry, food, beverages and dairy industry, bioplastics and biofuel production.
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| 5. |
- Mahawar, Lovely, et al.
(författare)
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Iron deficiency in plants : an update on homeostasis and its regulation by nitric oxide and phytohormones
- 2023
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Ingår i: Plant growth regulation (Print). - : Springer. - 0167-6903 .- 1573-5087. ; 100, s. 283-299
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants as it involves in several important physiological processes. Understanding iron homeostasis in plants is pivotal, not only for improving their growth and development but also for enhancing human nutrition as plants are the principal dietary source of iron. This calls for the need to enrich bioavailable iron in crops to resolve iron starvation issue especially in low income and rural populations who have limited access to food markets and proper health facilities. The uptake of iron from rhizosphere, its transporters and transcription factors that regulate iron acquisition are well characterized. Here, the present review emphasizes on the role of signalling molecules particularly phytohormones and nitric oxide and their interactive co-ordination in iron homeostasis in agriculturally important crops that grow at pH 6.0-7.5 and have limited access to Fe2+. The involvement of these signalling molecules in up-regulating iron acquisition genes (FRO2 and IRT1), iron translocation to the cellular compartments and accessibility of iron storage which are important for proper iron homeostasis hence can be considered as vital biofortification strategy for crop plants to address hidden hunger.
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| 6. |
- Mahawar, Lovely, et al.
(författare)
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Silicon nanoparticles : comprehensive review on biogenic synthesis and applications in agriculture
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advancements in nanotechnology have opened new advances in agriculture. Among other nanoparticles, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), due to their unique physiological characteristics and structural properties, offer a significant advantage as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanozeolite and targeted delivery systems in agriculture. Silicon nanoparticles are well known to improve plant growth under normal and stressful environments. Nanosilicon has been reported to enhance plant stress tolerance against various environmental stress and is considered a non-toxic and proficient alternative to control plant diseases. However, a few studies depicted the phytotoxic effects of SiNPs on specific plants. Therefore, there is a need for comprehensive research, mainly on the interaction mechanism between NPs and host plants to unravel the hidden facts about silicon nanoparticles in agriculture. The present review illustrates the potential role of silicon nanoparticles in improving plant resistance to combat different environmental (abiotic and biotic) stresses and the underlying mechanisms involved.Furthermore, our review focuses on providing the overview of various methods exploited in the biogenic synthesis of silicon nanoparticles. However, certain limitations exist in synthesizing the well-characterized SiNPs on a laboratory scale. To bridge this gap, in the last section of the review, we discussed the possible use of the machine learning approach in future as an effective, less labour-intensive and time-consuming method for silicon nanoparticle synthesis. The existing research gaps from our perspective and future research directions for utilizing SiNPs in sustainable agriculture development have also been highlighted.
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| 7. |
- Nagoth, Joseph Amruthraj, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Bioactive Nickel Nanoparticles Using Bacterial Strains from an Antarctic Consortium
- 2024
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Ingår i: Marine Drugs. - : MDPI. - 1660-3397. ; 22:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine microorganisms have been demonstrated to be an important source for bioactive molecules. In this paper we report the synthesis of Ni nanoparticles (NiSNPs) used as reducing and capping agents for five bacterial strains isolated from an Antarctic marine consortium: Marinomonas sp. ef1, Rhodococcus sp. ef1, Pseudomonas sp. ef1, Brevundimonas sp. ef1, and Bacillus sp. ef1. The NiSNPs were characterized by Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The maximum absorbances in the UV–Vis spectra were in the range of 374 nm to 422 nm, corresponding to the Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Nickel. DLS revealed NiSNPs with sizes between 40 and 45 nm. All NiSNPs were polycrystalline with a face-centered cubic lattice, as revealed by XRD analyses. The NiSNPs zeta potential values were highly negative. TEM analysis showed that the NiSNPs were either spherical or rod shaped, well segregated, and with a size between 20 and 50 nm. The FTIR spectra revealed peaks of amino acid and protein binding to the NiSNPs. Finally, all the NiSNPs possess significant antimicrobial activity, which may play an important role in the management of infectious diseases affecting human health.
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| 8. |
- Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan, et al.
(författare)
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Sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate (SBH) as a lucrative carbon supplement to upgrade the lipid and fatty acid production in Chlorococcum sp. for biodiesel through an optimized binary solvent system
- 2024
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cost is the crucial impediment in commercializing microalgal biodiesel. Therefore, cultivating microalgae in cost-effective nutrients reduces the upstream process cost remarkably. Thus, in this study, sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate (SBH) as a lucrative carbon supplement for Chlorococcum sp. and subsequent lipid extraction via an optimized solvent system for biodiesel production was investigated. Characterization of SBH revealed the presence of various monosaccharides and other sugar derivatives such as glucose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, etc. The maximum dry cell weight of 1.7 g/L was estimated in cultures grown in 10 mL SBH. Different solvents such as diethyl ether (DEE), chloroform (CHL), ethyl acetate (ETA), hexane (HEX), methanol (MET), ethanol (ETOH), acetone (ACE) and also combination of solvents (2:1 ratio) such as DEE: MET, CHL: MET, HEX: MET, HEX: ETOH was tested for lipid extraction efficacy. Among solvents used, 12.3% and 18.4% of lipids were extracted using CHL and CHL: MET, respectively, from 10 mL SBH amended cultures. However, the biodiesel yield was found to be similar at about 70.16 % in both SBH and no SBH-added cultures. The fatty acid profile of the biodiesel shows palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid as principal fatty acids. Further, the levels of SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs in 10 mL SBH-added cells were 24.67, 12.89, and 34.24%, respectively. Eventually, the fuel properties of Chlorococcum sp. biodiesel, satisfying international biodiesel standards, make the biodiesel a viable diesel substitute in the future.
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| 9. |
- Ramasamy, Kesava Priyan, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive insights on environmental adaptation strategies in Antarctic bacteria and biotechnological applications of cold adapted molecules
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-302X. ; 14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change and the induced environmental disturbances is one of the major threats that have a strong impact on bacterial communities in the Antarctic environment. To cope with the persistent extreme environment and inhospitable conditions, psychrophilic bacteria are thriving and displaying striking adaptive characteristics towards severe external factors including freezing temperature, sea ice, high radiation and salinity which indicates their potential in regulating climate change’s environmental impacts. The review illustrates the different adaptation strategies of Antarctic microbes to changing climate factors at the structural, physiological and molecular level. Moreover, we discuss the recent developments in “omics” approaches to reveal polar “blackbox” of psychrophiles in order to gain a comprehensive picture of bacterial communities. The psychrophilic bacteria synthesize distinctive cold-adapted enzymes and molecules that have many more industrial applications than mesophilic ones in biotechnological industries. Hence, the review also emphasizes on the biotechnological potential of psychrophilic enzymes in different sectors and suggests the machine learning approach to study cold–adapted bacteria and engineering the industrially important enzymes for sustainable bioeconomy.
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| 10. |
- Ramasamy, Kesava Priyan, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with salt stress-interaction of halotolerant bacteria in crop plants : a mini review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-302X. ; 14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Salinity is one of the major environmental abiotic stress factors that limit the growth and yield of crop plants worldwide. It is crucial to understand the importance of several adaptive mechanisms in plants toward salt stress so as to increase agricultural productivity. Plant resilience toward salinity stress is improved by cohabiting with diverse microorganisms, especially bacteria. In the last few decades, increasing attention of researchers has focused on bacterial communities for promoting plant growth and fitness. The biotechnological applications of salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) gained widespread interest for their numerous metabolites. This review provides novel insights into the importance of halotolerant (HT) bacteria associated with crop plants in enhancing plant tolerance toward salinity stress. Furthermore, the present review highlights several challenges of using HT-PGPR in the agricultural field and possible solutions to overcome those challenges for sustainable agriculture development in the future.
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