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- Vigh-Larsen, J. F., et al.
(författare)
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Muscle Metabolism and Fatigue during Simulated Ice Hockey Match-Play in Elite Players
- 2020
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Ingår i: Medicine and science in sports and exercise. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 52:10, s. 2162-2171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The present study investigated muscle metabolism and fatigue during simulated elite male ice hockey match-play. Methods: Thirty U20 male national team players completed an experimental game comprising three periods of 8 x 1-min shifts separated by 2-min recovery intervals. Two vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained either during the game (n= 7) or pregame and postgame (n= 6). Venous blood samples were drawn pregame and at the end of the first and last periods (n= 14). Activity pattern and physiological responses were continuously monitored using local positioning system and heart rate recordings. Further, repeated-sprint ability was tested pregame and after each period. Results Total distance covered was 5980 +/- 199 m with almost half the distance covered at high skating speeds (>17 km.h(-1)). Average and peak on-ice heart rate was 84% +/- 2% and 97% +/- 2% of maximum heart rate, respectively. Muscle lactate increased (P <= 0.05) more than fivefold and threefold, whereas muscle pH decreased (P <= 0.05) from 7.31 +/- 0.04 pregame to 6.99 +/- 0.07 and 7.13 +/- 0.11 during the first and last periods, respectively. Muscle glycogen decreased by 53% postgame (P <= 0.05) with similar to 65% of fast- and slow-twitch fibers depleted of glycogen. Blood lactate increased sixfold (P <= 0.05), whereas plasma free fatty acid levels increased 1.5-fold and threefold (P <= 0.05) after the first and last periods. Repeated-sprint ability was impaired (similar to 3%;P <= 0.05) postgame concomitant with a similar to 10% decrease in the number of accelerations and decelerations during the second and last periods (P <= 0.05). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that a simulated ice hockey match-play scenario encompasses a high on-ice heart rate response and glycolytic loading resulting in a marked degradation of muscle glycogen, particularly in specific sub-groups of fibers. This may be of importance both for fatigue in the final stages of a game and for subsequent recovery.
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- Krustrup, P., et al.
(författare)
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Broad-spectrum health improvements with one year of soccer training in inactive mildly hypertensive middle-aged women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188. ; 27:12, s. 1893-1901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study tested the hypothesis that long-term soccer training has positive impact on cardiovascular profile, body composition, bone health, and physical capacity in inactive, pre-menopausal women with mild hypertension. The study applied a randomized controlled design in which physically inactive middle-aged women were separated into a soccer training group (n=19; SOC) and a control group (n=12; CON). SOC performed 128 +/- 29 (+/- SD) one-h small-sided soccer training sessions over one year. Blood pressure, body composition, blood lipid profile, and fitness level were determined pre- and post-intervention. Over one year, mean arterial pressure decreased more in SOC than in CON (-5 +/- 7 vs +4 +/- 5mmHg; P<.05). Total-body fat mass decreased more (P<.05) in SOC than in CON (-2.5 +/- 2.5 vs +0.6 +/- 3.2kg; P<.05), while the change scores for lean body mass were not significantly different in SOC (2.6 +/- 2.7kg) compared to CON (1.1 +/- 1.9kg, P=.09). Over one year, change scores in whole-body bone mineral density (0.004 +/- 0.032 vs -0.019 +/- 0.026gcm2) as well as bone mineral content (30 +/- 70 vs -39 +/- 113g) were positive in SOC compared to CON (P<.05). Post-intervention plasma triglycerides decreased more (-0.1 +/- 0.7 vs +0.2 +/- 0.2mmolL-1) and HDL cholesterol increased more (0.2 +/- 0.7 vs -0.2 +/- 0.2mmolL-1) in SOC than in CON (P<.05). Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 (122 +/- 105 vs 2 +/- 21%) and 20-m sprint performance (6 +/- 6 vs -1 +/- 2%) increased more (P<.05) in SOC than in CON. In conclusion, long-term soccer training resulted in broad-spectrum improvements in the health profile of untrained, pre-menopausal women with mild hypertension, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculo-skeletal benefits.
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- Krustrup, P., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of recreational football on women's fitness and health: adaptations and mechanisms
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 118:1, s. 11-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The review describes the fitness and health effects of recreational football in women aged 18-65 years. The review documents that 2×1 h of recreational football training for 12-16 weeks causes marked improvements in maximal oxygen uptake (5-15%) and myocardial function in women. Moreover, mean arterial blood pressure was shown to decrease by 2-5 mmHg in normotensive women and 6-8 mmHg in hypertensive women. This review also show that short-term (<4 months) and medium-term (4-16 months) recreational football training has major beneficial impact on metabolic health profile in women, with fat losses of 1-3 kg and improvements in blood lipid profile. Lastly, 2×1 h per week of recreational football training for women elevates lower extremity bone mineralisation by 1-5% and whole-body bone mineralization by 1-2% within 4-12-month interventions. These training adaptations are related to the high heart rates, high number of fast runs, and multiple changes of direction and speed occurring during recreational football training for untrained women. In conclusion, regular small-sided football training for women is an intense and versatile type of training that combines elements of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), endurance training and strength training, thereby providing optimal stimuli for cardiovascular, metabolic and musculoskeletal fitness. Recreational football, therefore, seems to be an effective tool for prevention and treatment of lifestyle diseases in young and middle-aged women, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes and osteopenia. Future research should elucidate effects of football training for elderly women, and as treatment and rehabilitation of breast cancer patients and other women patient groups.
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| 7. |
- Bendiksen, M., et al.
(författare)
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Application of the Copenhagen Soccer Test in high-level women players - locomotor activities, physiological response and sprint performance
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Movement Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9457. ; 32:6, s. 1430-1442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the physiological response, sprint performance and technical ability in various phases of the Copenhagen Soccer Test for Women (CSTw.) and investigated whether the locomotor activities of the CSTw were comparable to competitive match-play (CM). Physiological measurements and physical/technical assessments were performed during CSTw for eleven Norwegian high-level women soccer players. The activity pattern during CSTw and CM was monitored using the ZXY tracking system. No differences were observed between CSTw and CM with regards to total distance covered (10093 +/- 94 and 9674 +/- 191 m), high intensity running (1278 +/- 67 and 1193 +/- 115 m) or sprinting (422 +/- 55 and 372 +/- 46 m) (p > .05). During CSTw, average HR was 85 +/- 2%HRmax with 35 +/- 2% playing time >90%HRmax. Blood lactate increased (p < .05) from 1.4 +/- 0.3 mM at rest to an average of 4.7 +/- 0.5 mM during CSTw, with no changes during the test. Blood glucose was 5.4 +/- 0.3 mM at rest and remained unaltered during CSTw. Sprint performance (2 x 20 in) decreased (p < .05) by 3% during CSTw (8.19 +/- 0.06-8.47 +/- 0.10 s). In conclusion, the locomotor activities during CSTw were comparable to that of high-level competitive match-play. The physiological demands of the CSTw were high, with no changes in heart rate, blood lactate or technical performance during the test, but a lowered sprint performance towards the end of the test. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Helge, E. W., et al.
(författare)
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Recreational football training decreases risk factors for bone fractures in untrained premenopausal women
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 20:s1, s. 31-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present intervention was designed to investigate whether a 14-week period of regular recreational association football (F) or endurance running (R) has an effect on the risk of falls and bone fractures due to gains in muscle function and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD). Fifty healthy untrained Danish premenopausal women were randomized into two training groups (F and R) that trained 1.8 +/- 0.3 (+/- SD) and 1.9 +/- 0.3 h/week, respectively, and these groups were compared with an inactive control group (C). Jumping and dynamic muscle strength were tested and tibial vBMD was measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Total vBMD in left and right tibia increased by 2.6 +/- 2.3% and 2.1 +/- 1.8% (P < 0.005), respectively, in F and by 0.7 +/- 1.3% (P=0.05) and 1.1 +/- 1.5% (P < 0.01), respectively, in R without any significant changes in C. Similar results were found for trabecular vBMD. In F, peak jump power increased by 3 +/- 6% (P < 0.05), and hamstring strength during fast (240 degrees/s) and slow (30 degrees/s) contractions increased by 11 +/- 25% and 9 +/- 21%, respectively, (P < 0.05) without any significant changes in R or C. In conclusion, 14 weeks of regular recreational football improved peak jump power, maximal hamstring strength and vBMD in the distal tibia, suggesting a decreased fracture risk due to stronger bones and a reduced risk of falling.
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| 10. |
- Pettersen, S. A., et al.
(författare)
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Caffeine supplementation does not affect match activities and fatigue resistance during match play in young football players
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 32:20, s. 1958-1965
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examined the effect of caffeine supplementation on match activities and development of fatigue during a football match. In a randomised, double-blind cross-over design, two experimental football games separated by 7days were organised between the junior teams of two professional football clubs (17.6 +/- 1.1years (+/- s), 71.7 +/- 6.9kg, 13.9%+/- 5.0% body fat). The players ingested either a capsule of 6mg center dot kg(-1)b.w. caffeine or placebo (dextrose) 65min prior to the matches. Match activities were assessed using the ZXY match analysis system, and a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test-level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) was conducted immediately post-game. Heart rate was monitored throughout the game, and blood samples were obtained at baseline, half-time and after the game. There were no differences between caffeine and placebo regarding total distance covered (10,062 +/- 916 vs 9854 +/- 901m), high-intensity running (557 +/- 178 vs 642 +/- 240m), sprinting distance (109 +/- 58 vs 112 +/- 69m) or acceleration counts (123 +/- 31 vs 126 +/- 24). In both trials, players displayed lower (P<0.05) values in total distance and acceleration counts in the last 15min compared to all other 15-min periods of the matches. Post-game Yo-Yo IR2 performance was not different between game trials (caffeine: 829 +/- 322m; placebo 819 +/- 289m). In conclusion, oral caffeine administration does not appear to have an ergogenic effect in young football players during match play.
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