| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Aagaard Hagemann, Frederik, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges to Implementing the Urban Ecosystem Service Concept in Green Infrastructure Planning: A View from Practitioners in Swedish Municipalities
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Socio-Ecological Practice Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2524-5279 .- 2524-5287. ; 2, s. 283-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In building a sustainable society, numerous ecosystem services have shown to play important roles for the benefit of urban residents. The distinct concept of Urban Ecosystem Services (UES) to accentuate and enhance the value of urban ecosystems has been proposed, primarily in research, with implementation in practice still at an early stage. This study examined challenges to future implementation of the UES concept in municipal planning and management of urban green spaces. Based on interviews in six Swedish municipalities, we identified four overall discourses challenging implementation of UES in municipal practice. These included (i) a need to prioritize UES in municipal planning in order to address the contemporary challenges of e.g., urbanization and biodiversity loss. This in turn creates (ii) a need for increased holistic thinking within the municipal organization, based on (iii) further documentation and standards, which should help (iv) initiate organizational transition and cross-sectorial approaches. These discourses provide interrelated challenges that could also act as opportunities for scientists and practitioners collaborations to advance integration of UES into planning and management, thereby increasing the sustainability of urban environments. This work provides a starting point for introduction of the UES concept into municipal planning.
|
|
| 3. |
- Albertsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Calculated fission-fragment mass yields and average total kinetic energies of heavy and superheavy nuclei
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fission-fragment mass and total-kinetic-energy (TKE) distributions following fission of even-even nuclides in the region 74 ≤ Z≤ 126 and 92 ≤ N≤ 230 , comprising 896 nuclides have been calculated using the Brownian shape-motion method. The emphasis is the region of superheavy nuclei. To show compatibility with earlier results the calculations are extended to include earlier studied regions. An island of asymmetric fission is obtained in the superheavy region, 106 ≤ Z≤ 114 and 162 ≤ N≤ 176 , where the heavy fragment is found to be close to 208Pb and the light fragment adjusts accordingly. Most experimentally observed α-decay chains of superheavy nuclei with Z> 113 terminate by spontaneous fission in our predicted region of asymmetric fission. In these cases, the pronounced large asymmetry is accompanied by a low TKE value compatible with measurements.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Methods, models, and guidelines for practitioners to deliver health-promoting green space
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Green and healthy Nordic cities : How to plan, design, and manage health-promoting urban green space. - 9789180010887 ; :2024:1, s. 106-133
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter summarises the main methods, models, and guidelines— hereafter named as NORD tools—included in each component of the NORD framework (NUMBERING, OBSERVING, REGULATING, DESIGNING). The chapter provides further details on how to use these tools as well as how practitioners can combine them to deliver health-promoting green spaces.
|
|
| 5. |
- Buffam, Ishi, et al.
(författare)
-
Priorities and barriers for urban ecosystem service provision: A comparison of stakeholder perspectives from three cities
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-9634. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) can provide many needed ecosystem services (ES) to help address challenges like biodiversity loss and climate change while contributing to the health and wellbeing of urban inhabitants. In order to optimize UGI for a given city, a first step is to assess the local ES needs and the potential barriers to ES provision. However, it is not known how consistent these needs and barriers are among cities in different settings. To help address this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to assess ES priorities and existing barriers to ES provision for three cities varying in socioeconomic, cultural and climatic setting: Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Cincinnati (USA) and Malmö (Sweden). In case studies of each of the three cities, we carried out workshops with key stakeholders and collected their assessments of both current provision of ES from UGI and future priorities. The workshops were followed by expert stakeholder interviews aimed at highlighting existing barriers to ES provision. In spite of the different urban contexts, expressed ES priorities were similar among the cities, with the highest cross-cutting priorities being climate change adaptation, stormwater runoff management and water quality, mental and physical health, biodiversity, and provision of local food. Stakeholder-expressed barriers to ES provision were also broadly similar among cities, falling into three main categories: structural pressures, gaps in governance, and lack of ecological awareness and vision. Our results suggest that certain key ES priorities and barriers may apply broadly to cities regardless of climatic or socio-cultural context. These generic needs can help direct the focus of future studies, and imply a clear benefit to international, even cross-continental study and knowledge-exchange among practitioners and researchers working with UGI.
|
|
| 6. |
- Dahl, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
-
Ekosystemtjänsternas bidrag till god urban livsmiljö
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ekosystemtjänster uppmärksammas alltmer som ett viktigt inslag för en hållbar utveckling av städer och samhällen. Dessa handlar inte bara om ett miljö- och biodiversitetsperspektiv, utan också om hur ekosystemen bidrar till människans livsmiljö och stadens attraktivitet, samt de praktiska och rekreativa nyttor som befintlig och anlagd natur kan skapa i den byggda miljön.Denna rapport har tillkommit på Naturvårdsverkets initiativ, vilka också delvis har finansierat den. Arbetet har sammanfallit med ett opinionsbildande projekt, projektlett av Tankesmedjan Movium ochfinansierat av Vinnova, kallat Påverkansplattform för urbana ekosystemtjänster. Båda dessa aktiviteterhar efterfrågat kartläggning av nuläget och redovisningar av lärande exempel, varför vi har valt att arbeta integrerat med aktiviteterna. I rapporten har vi försökt att kombinera generella reflektioner med konkreta exempel. Vi har också valt att hämta lärdomar från såväl praktik som akademi och har bjudit in några av de ledande forskarna från Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet att utifrån sin forskningshorisont kommentera sådant som vi tycker oss kunna konstatera i praktiken. Det kan i något fall bli motsägelsefullt, men så är också frågan kring ekosystemtjänster i urban miljö komplext beskaffad. Som alla komplext beskaffade frågor hyser den därmed inneboende målkonflikter, åtminstone på ett generellt och övergripande plan.I rapporten konstaterar vi att det är viktigt och grundläggande att ekosystemtjänster behandlas som en tillgång för livsmiljöer i staden, och därmed också för arbetet med att planera, gestalta, anlägga och förvalta dessa miljöer. Utgångspunkten för ett sådant arbete behöver vara platsernas förutsättningar och de förväntningar som vi har på dessa miljöer. Möjligen kan det uppfattas som lite motsägelsefullt för en rapport med namnet ”Ekosystemtjänsteras bidrag till en god urban livsmiljö”, men vi är övertygande om att utgångspunkten för arbetet med ekosystemtjänster bör inte vara ekosystemtjänsterna själva, snarare en ökad platsspecifik kunskap och en ökad tydlighet kring samhällets uttalade målsättningar. Varför inleder vi med ett sådant påstående? Jo, för att påminna om att ekosystemtjänsterna utgår från oss människor och tjänsterna svarar mot våra behov. Det är alltså en slags konsumtion av tjänster som vi pratar om och som i all hållbar konsumtion handlar det om att balansera mellan tillgång och efterfrågan. Vi menar alltså att det inte alltid handlar om att maximera uttaget av en viss ekosystemtjänst, utan det handlar snarare om vilket behov som vi har identifierat på en viss plats eller i ett visst sammanhang samt hur ekosystemtjänsterna kan levererar på den platsen utifrån identifierade behov. Det är måhända en hårfin perspektivförskjutning, men vi menar att tar vi inte med oss detta synsätt in i diskussionen om ekosystemtjänster så befarar vi att vi får ett oönskat överutnyttjande av naturens ”gratistjänster”.Det pågår mycket lovvärt arbete i landet för att hitta system och verktyg som strävar efter att finna helhetssyn och mångfunktionalitet i ekosystemtjänsterna. Det finns dock en risk att verktyg blir väl generella när man försöker att fånga upp alla aspekter av hur man kan arbeta med ekosystemtjänsterna. Då riskerar implementeringsglappen också att bli för stora när generella verktyg ska appliceras på en specifik plats. Att istället lära av hur andra har gjort och ta del av varandras erfarenheter kan då vara ett värdefullt komplement och Naturvårdsverket har därför bett Tankesmedjan Movium att ta fram denna exempelsamling. Vår förhoppning är att denna rapport ska hjälpa stadsbyggnadsprocessens olika aktörer och skeden att förstå nyttan med urban natur och att ta in ekosystemtjänsterna i befintliga arbetssätt och processer.
|
|
| 7. |
- Deak Sjöman, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Expectations of i-Tree Eco as a tool for urban tree management in Nordic cities
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. - 2624-9634. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While urban forests are recognized as imperative toward climate adaptation in cities and provide health and recreational benefits to citizens, municipal tree officers often struggle to find successful governance arrangements and budget support toward long-lasting investment and implementation in new planting schemes and protection of existing trees. Since its release in 2006, i-Tree Eco has helped urban tree officers worldwide to find tangible leverage in the means of quantitative mapping, numeric measures, and economic values of ecosystem services. This may in turn help ease gridlocks and potentially support constructive dialogues across sectors, with decision-makers and public engagement. With the release of i-Tree Eco v. 6 in Europe 2018, 13 Nordic cities were engaged in a larger research project with ambitions to use i-Tree Eco for the purpose of retrieving numeric and monetary data of the biophysical structures and ecosystem services of the urban forest. Based on questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, we present the results from the Nordic i-Tree project with a focus on expectations, opportunities, and potential barriers experienced in using i-Tree Eco in urban forest management. The most prominent expectation and foreseeing opportunities were recognized toward using numeric information on trees to change policies and support cross-sectoral collaboration while reaching politicians and the public. Identified barriers involved how limited resources are spent on public outreach and how information about the project to relevant stakeholders were not distributed from the beginning which may have implications on the dissemination of results. As some important ecosystem services, e.g., cultural services, are not captured by i-Tree Eco, presenting the partial value of urban trees may pose also potential risks to cross-sectoral collaboration. Other findings conclude that although numeric information on ecosystem services is seen as beneficial in terms of communicating with different stakeholders, a deeper understanding toward the criteria used in the valuation process and the potential risks of numeric approaches may provide more context-specific applications.
|
|
| 8. |
- Deak Sjöman, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainable smart park management - a smarter approach to urban green space management?
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Arboriculture and urban forestry. - : International Society of Arboriculture. - 1935-5297 .- 2155-0778. ; 48, s. 60-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In parallel with ongoing discussions on what the concept of a smart city actually entails, use of smart technology in management and governance of urban green space is increasing. Application of smart technologies usually involves multiple sensors, smartphones, internet connections, etc., working together to make green space management more inclusive and effective. In the Sustainable Smart Parks project in Gothenburg, Sweden, new technologies are being applied and tested for availability, reliance, and relevance for contemporary management. However, moving these technologies beyond ad-hoc applications and creating a joint systems approach to future management is still unexplored. In this article, we introduce an analytical framework based on urban ecology and nature-based thinking and use it to examine the Sustainable Smart Parks initiative. The framework works well in distinguishing integration of diversity, connectivity, adaptation, inclusion, and perception in different technologies. However, further studies are needed to test adequacy of the 5 initial criteria in a wider context and to increase coupling of smart technologies that share similar focus within each criterion. This would stimulate “systems mapping” and thus clearer progression toward integrated smart green space management.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Fors, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Striving for Inclusion — A Systematic Review of Long-Term Participation in Strategic Management of Urban Green Spaces
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-9634. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This systematic review contributes to the research field of user participation by suggesting a new holistic approach comprising a cyclic process model for long-term participation in the strategic management of urban green spaces, including analysis, design, and implementation phases, each followed by an evaluation. User participation in urban green spaces is encouraged in international conventions. Such initiatives aim to involve citizens more closely in decisions regarding local spaces, based on the premise that this will create better, more inclusive, and sustainable local environments. However, a social inclusion perspective is largely absent in the growing body of European scientific literature on urban green spaces. Further, user participation processes are often carried out within projects, with uncertainties about which strategic management phase (planning, design, construction, and/or maintenance) to emphasize and about the long-term sustainability of project-based participation. Therefore, the literature was examined for tools for participation with the focus on participation of local users in the strategic management of urban green spaces, and in particular, marginalized groups. A systematic review based on peer-reviewed scientific papers revealed the necessity for adapting participation processes to the known needs of different participant groups, including those of marginalized groups often excluded in the past. Local authorities have several pathways to socially inclusive and long-term participation. These include choosing and employing a suitable participation approach, anchoring repeated project-based participation in existing municipal long-term strategies, continuously supporting participating users and evaluating ongoing participation processes, and employing a mix of participation types and approaches. The “cyclic process model for long-term participation in strategic management of UGS” presented in this paper could guide such efforts.
|
|
