| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 4. |
- Biermann, Frank, et al.
(författare)
-
Scientific evidence on the political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Sustainability. - : Springer Nature. - 2398-9629. ; 5:9, s. 795-800
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2015, the United Nations agreed on 17 Sustainable Development Goals as the central normative framework for sustainable development worldwide. The effectiveness of governing by such broad global goals, however, remains uncertain, and we lack comprehensive meta-studies that assess the political impact of the goals across countries and globally. We present here condensed evidence from an analysis of over 3,000 scientific studies on the Sustainable Development Goals published between 2016 and April 2021. Our findings suggests that the goals have had some political impact on institutions and policies, from local to global governance. This impact has been largely discursive, affecting the way actors understand and communicate about sustainable development. More profound normative and institutional impact, from legislative action to changing resource allocation, remains rare. We conclude that the scientific evidence suggests only limited transformative political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals thus far.
|
|
| 5. |
- Raven, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Households in sustainability transitions: a systematic review and new research avenues
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-4224. ; 40, s. 87-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores conceptualisations of households in sustainability transitions. Existing literature in the field has only engaged with households in a limited and fragmented way, despite the role of households in resource use, shaping social innovation and as a target of environmental policies. The paper asks: how are households conceptualised in sustainability transitions and how could this be further developed in future research? The paper uses systematic review to explore how the literature currently engages with households. We find two overarching approaches to households: a closed-box approach and an open-box approach. The closed-box approach engages households as a fixed unit of analysis, without attention to internal dynamics and how these may interact with system-level changes, whereas the open-box approach unpacks the household as a dynamic social unit and material setting in the context of multiple scales and other social units. Both approaches are further discussed in terms of how they engage with households as users, sites and sources. Based on the analysis, the paper proposes a comprehensive definition of households in transition studies, and identifies four areas for future research in sustainability transitions: households' and householders' agency; unpacking household dynamics; household innovation across scales and socio-technical systems; and households in policy and governance.
|
|
| 6. |
- Boushel, R, et al.
(författare)
-
Editorial
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 25 Suppl 4, s. 1-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Guy-Haim, Tamar, et al.
(författare)
-
What are the type, direction, and strength of species, community, and ecosystem responses to warming in aquatic mesocosm studies and their dependency on experimental characteristics? : A systematic review protocol
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Environmental Evidence. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2047-2382. ; 6:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesocosm experiments have become increasingly popular in climate change research as they bridge the gap between small-scale, less realistic, microcosm experiments, and large-scale, more complex, natural systems. Characteristics of aquatic mesocosm designs (e.g., mesocosm volume, study duration, and replication) vary widely, potentially affecting the magnitude and direction of effect sizes measured in experiments. In this global systematic review we aim to identify the type, direction and strength of climate warming effects on aquatic species, communities and ecosystems in mesocosm experiments. Furthermore, we will investigate the context-dependency of the observed effects on several a priori determined effect moderators (ecological and methodological). Our conclusions will provide recommendations for aquatic scientists designing mesocosm experiments, as well as guidelines for interpretation of experimental results by scientists, policy-makers and the general public. Methods: We will conduct a systematic search using multiple online databases to gather evidence from the scientific literature on the effects of warming experimentally tested in aquatic mesocosms. Data from relevant studies will be extracted and used in a random effects meta-analysis to estimate the overall effect sizes of warming experiments on species performance, biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Experimental characteristics (e.g., mesocosm size and shape, replication-level, experimental duration and design, biogeographic region, community type, crossed manipulation) will be further analysed using subgroup analyses.
|
|
| 9. |
- Raven, P. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Growth and endocrine effects of recombinant bovine growth hormone treatment in non-transgenic and growth hormone transgenic coho salmon
- 2012
-
Ingår i: General and Comparative Endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-6480. ; 177:1, s. 143-152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To examine the relative growth, endocrine, and gene expression effects of growth hormone (GH) transgenesis vs. GH protein treatment, wild-type non-transgenic and GH transgenic coho salmon were treated with a sustained-release formulation of recombinant bovine GH (bGH; Posilac(TM)). Fish size, specific growth rate (SGR), and condition factor (CF) were monitored for 14 weeks, after which endocrine parameters were measured. Transgenic fish had much higher growth, SGR and CF than non-transgenic fish, and bGH injection significantly increased weight and SGR in non-transgenic but not transgenic fish. Plasma salmon GH concentrations decreased with bGH treatment in non-transgenic but not in transgenic fish where levels were similar to controls. Higher GH mRNA levels were detected in transgenic muscle and liver but no differences were observed in GH receptor (GHR) mRNA levels. In non-transgenic pituitary. GH and GHR mRNA levels per mg pituitary decreased with bGH dose to levels seen in transgenic salmon. Plasma IGF-I was elevated with bGH dose only in non-transgenic fish, while transgenic fish maintained an elevated level of IGF-I with or without bGH treatment. A similar trend was seen for liver IGF-I mRNA levels. Thus, bGH treatment increased fish growth and influenced feedback on endocrine parameters in non-transgenic but not in transgenic fish. A lack of further growth stimulation of GH transgenic fish suggests that these fish are experiencing maximal growth stimulation via GH pathways. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 10. |
- Raven, R., et al.
(författare)
-
The politics of innovation spaces for low-carbon energy: Introduction to the special issue
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2210-4224. ; 18, s. 101-110
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Energy systems around the globe face multiple, major pressures to transform into more sustainable ones. Over the past decades numerous, potentially sustainable energy innovations have been proposed, studied, developed and implemented to varying degrees. In the field of transition studies, scholars have used the notion of 'protective space' to study how such innovations emerge, grow, survive and decline over time, but few take an explicit political perspective on these dynamics. This editorial briefly reviews why such a perspective is necessary, and, on the basis of the contributions in this special issue, what it could entail in evolutionary, relational and institutional terms. The paper ends with six lessons for those involved in sustainable innovation advocacy.
|
|
