| 1. |
- Bødker, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogen receptors in the human male bladder, prostatic urethra, and prostate. An immunohistochemical and biochemical study
- 1995
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 29:2, s. 161-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution and quantity of estrogen receptors (ERs) in the human male bladder, prostatic urethra and the prostate were studied in eight males with recurrent papillomas of the bladder or monosymptomatic hematuria (median age 61 years), 14 men undergoing transurethral resection due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (median age 70 years), and nine men undergoing cystectomy due to malignant tumour of the bladder (median age 70 years). In the first group of patients, biopsies for immunohistochemical examination were obtained from the bladder vault, bottom, both side-walls, the trigone area, and the mid-portion of the prostatic urethra, and in the second group from three locations of the prostatic urethra (bladder neck, mid-portion and veramontanum). In the third group, tissue specimens were taken from the vault of the bladder, prostatic urethra, and the prostate, for immunohistochemical as well as biochemical analysis. In the first group, ERs were found in three out of eight specimens of the prostatic urethra, and in one of these, ERs were confined to periurethral glands. ERs could not be demonstrated in any of the bladder-biopsies. In the second group, ERs were not found in the bladder neck, but were seen in four preparations from the veramontanum and in two from the midportion of the urethra. ERs were located in the urothelium and periurethral glands. In the third group, ERs were seen immunohistochemically in the prostatic urethra (two cases) and the prostatic stromal tissue (two cases). ERs could be demonstrated in the bladder neither by immunohistochemistry nor biochemically.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 2. |
- Glenting, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Anchorless surface associated glycolytic enzymes from Lactobacillus plantarum 299v bind to epithelial cells and extracellular matrix proteins
- 2013
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Ingår i: Microbiological Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-0623 .- 0944-5013. ; 168:5, s. 245-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important criterion for the selection of a probiotic bacterial strain is its ability to adhere to the mucosal surface. Adhesion is usually mediated by proteins or other components located on the outer cell surface of the bacterium. In the present study we characterized the adhesive properties of two classical intracellular enzymes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and enolase (ENO) isolated from the outer cell surface of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum 299v. None of the genes encoded signal peptides or cell surface anchoring motifs that could explain their extracellular location on the bacterial surface. The presence of the glycolytic enzymes on the outer surface was verified by western blotting using polyclonal antibodies raised against the specific enzymes. GAPDH and ENO showed a highly specific binding to plasminogen and fibronectin whereas GAPDH but not ENO showed weak binding to mucin. Furthermore, a pH dependent and specific binding of GAPDH and ENO to intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells at pH 5 but not at pH 7 was demonstrated. The results showed that these glycolytic enzymes could play a role in the adhesion of the probiotic bacterium L. plantarum 299v to the gastrointestinal tract of the host. Finally, a number of probiotic as well non-probiotic Lactobacillus strains were analyzed for the presence of GAPDH and ENO on the outer surface, but no correlation between the extracellular location of these enzymes and the probiotic status of the applied strains was demonstrated. (c) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Nielsen, Roni, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular Effects of Treatment With the Ketone Body 3-Hydroxybutyrate in Chronic Heart Failure Patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 139:18, s. 2129-2141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Myocardial utilization of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) is increased in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the cardiovascular effects of increased circulating plasma-3-OHB levels in these patients are unknown. Consequently, the authors' aim was to modulate circulating 3-OHB levels in HFrEF patients and evaluate: (1) changes in cardiac output (CO); (2) a potential doseresponse relationship between 3-OHB levels and CO; (3) the impact on myocardial external energy efficiency (MEE) and oxygen consumption (MVO 2); and (4) whether the cardiovascular response differed between HFrEF patients and age-matched volunteers.METHODS: Study 1: 16 chronic HFrEF patients (left ventricular ejection fraction: 37 +/- 3%) were randomized in a crossover design to 3-hour of 3-OHB or placebo infusion. Patients were monitored invasively with a Swan-Ganz catheter and with echocardiography. Study 2: In a doseresponse study, 8 HFrEF patients were examined at increasing 3-OHB infusion rates. Study 3 to 4: 10 HFrEF patients and 10 age-matched volunteers were randomized in a crossover design to 3-hour 3-OHB or placebo infusion. MEE and MVO 2 were evaluated using 11C-acetate positron emission tomography.RESULTS: 3-OHB infusion increased circulating levels of plasma 3-OHB from 0.4 +/- 0.3 to 3.3 +/- 0.4 mM (P< 0.001). CO rose by 2.0 +/- 0.2 L/min (P< 0.001) because of an increase in stroke volume of 20 +/- 2 mL (P< 0.001) and heart rate of 7 +/- 2 beats per minute (bpm) (P< 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction increased 8 +/- 1% (P< 0.001) numerically. There was a dose-response relationship with a significant CO increase of 0.3 L/min already at plasma-3-OHB levels of 0.7 mM (P< 0.001). 3-OHB increased MVO 2 without altering MEE. The response to 3-OHB infusion in terms of MEE and CO did not differ between HFrEF patents and age-matched volunteers.CONCLUSIONS: 3-OHB has beneficial hemodynamic effects in HFrEF patients without impairing MEE. These beneficial effects are detectable in the physiological concentration range of circulating 3-OHB levels. The hemodynamic effects of 3-OHB were observed in both HFrEF patients and age-matched volunteers. 3-OHB may potentially constitute a novel treatment principle in HFrEF patients.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Repeated clinical and laboratory examinations in patients with an equivocal diagnosis of appendicitis
- 2000
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 24:4, s. 479-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In-hospital observation with repeated clinical examinations is commonly used in patients with an equivocal diagnosis of appendicitis. It is not known if repeated measurements of temperature and laboratory examinations have any diagnostic importance in this situation. The importance of repeated measurements of the body temperature, white blood cell (WBC) and differential cell counts, C-reactive protein concentration (CRP) and of the surgeon's repeated assessments was prospectively analyzed in 420 patients with an equivocal diagnosis of appendicitis at admission who were reexamined after a median of 6 hours of observation. The final diagnosis was appendicitis in 137 patients. After observation the inflammatory response was increasing among patients with appendicitis and decreasing among patients without appendicitis. The variables discriminating power for appendicitis consequently increased, from an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.56 to 0.77 at admission, to 0.75 to 0.85 after observation. The ROC area of the surgeons' clinical assessment increased from 0.69 to 0.89. The WBC and differential cell counts were the best discriminators at the repeat examination. The change in the variables between the observations had weak discriminating power and had no additional importance in addition to the actual level at the repeat examination. To conclude, the diagnostic information of the temperature and laboratory examinations increased after observation. Repeated controls of the body temperature and laboratory examinations are therefore useful in the management of patients with equivocal signs of appendicitis, but the result of the examinations must be integrated with the clinical assessment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Björck, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Blood cell telomere length among patients with an isolated popliteal artery aneurysm and those with multiple aneurysm disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 219:2, s. 946-950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Short relative telomere length (RTL) is associated with vascular ageing, inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors. Previous studies have reported an association between abdominal aortic aneurysm and short RTL. The presence of atherosclerosis among patients with aneurysm disease may, however, be a confounder. The aim was to explore the associations between short RTL and aneurysm disease, by comparing patients with isolated popliteal artery aneurysms with those having multiple aneurysms. Design and patients: DNA was retrieved from 183 patients with popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA). They were all examined with ultrasound at the time of blood-sampling, and had a total of 423 aneurysms (range 1-7, mean 2.3/patient). Methods: TL was measured with Real-Time PCR, RTL was calculated by comparing with three reference populations. Results: Patients with bilateral PAAs had a mean RTL of 0.985 vs. 1.038 with unilateral PAAs (P=0.326). Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm had RTL 1.035, vs. 0.999 without (P=0.513). No difference was seen with or without femoral or iliac aneurysms. Fifty-six patients with isolated PAA at surgery and at re-examination had RTL 0.974, vs. 1.033 who had >1 aneurysm (P=0.308). RTL was not associated with the number of aneurysms at re-examination (P=0.727, one-way ANOVA). There was a trend towards shorter RTL among active smokers (0.93 vs. 1.04, P=0.066). Conclusions: No association between short RTL and multiple aneurysm disease was found. The previously reported association between AAA and short RTL may be secondary to cardiovascular risk factors, rather than by aneurysm disease. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Cervin, Anne, 1971-
(författare)
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Popliteal Artery Aneurysms : - epidemiology, treatment and results
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Popliteal aneurysms (PA) are limb threatening, since the aneurysm thrombose and emboli from the aneurysm sac occlude the distal vessels, resulting in chronic or acute limb ischaemia. Open surgical repair (OSR) has been challenged by endovascular repair (ER), a minimal invasive technique. Little is known of long-term result, and comparisons of the methods have been difficult, since patients chosen for ER are mainly asymptomatic and have better outflow.The overall aim of this thesis was to study epidemiology and risk factors to optimize patient selection and techniques for surgical treatment of PA.Papers I and II: Data on all patients treated 2008-2012 (592 PAs in 499 patients) were analysed in the Swedish Vascular registry, Swedvasc. Patency was inferior after ER, in particular for patients with acute ischaemia. Nested in this cohort, a case-control study was performed, and the legs treated by ER (77) were matched, by indication, with twice the number treated with OSR (154). Medical records and radiologic images were collected and examined in a core-lab. In this matched cohort, the only independent risk factors for occlusion were ER and poor outflow. In a sub-group analysis of ER, risk factors for occlusion were acute ischaemia, poor out-flow, smaller stent graft diameter and elongation.Paper III: Prevalence of PA was studied in men, screened for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and of sub aneurysmal aorta, 25-29 mm. Prevalence of PA was high, 14.2%, and correlated with dilatation of the iliac arteries.Paper IV: Operations for ruptured PA (rPA) were identified in Swedvasc 1987-2012, medical records were reviewed. Compared with patients treated for other indications, they were 8 years older, had twice as large aneurysms (mean 64 mm) and many were treated with anticoagulants. The initial clinical picture was misleading.In conclusion, when treating PA the preferred surgical technique is OSR with a vein graft. Anatomical features of the popliteal artery and outflow vessels affect outcome. These findings are important for future surgical decision making.
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| 10. |
- Cervin, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : WILEY. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 105:13, s. 1753-1758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are generally complicated by thrombosis and distal embolization, whereas rupture is rare. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome in a cohort of patients who had surgery for ruptured PAA (rPAA).Methods: Operations for rPAA identified from the Swedish Vascular Registry, Swedvasc, 1987-2012. Medical records and imaging were reviewed. Comparison was made with patients treated for PAA without rupture.Results: Forty-five patients with rPAA were identified. The proportion with rupture among those operated on for PAA was 2.5 per cent. Patients with rPAA were 8 years older (77.7 versus 69.7years; P < 0.001), had more lung and heart disease (P = 0.003 and P = 0.019 respectively), and a larger mean popliteal aneurysm diameter (63.7 versus 30. 9mm; P < 0.001) than patients with PAA treated for other indications. At time of surgery, 22 of 45 patients were already receiving anticoagulants, seven for concomitant deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the affected leg. There was extensive swelling of the whole leg in 20 patients. In 27 patients, the initial diagnosis was DVT or a Baker's cyst. All patients underwent surgery, all but three by the open method. There were four amputations, all performed within 1week of surgery. One year after surgery, 26 of the 45 patients were alive. Among these, the reconstructions were patent in 20 of 22 patients.Conclusion: The diagnosis of rPAA is difficult, and often delayed. The condition affects old patients, who often are on anticoagulation treatment and have large aneurysms. The immediate surgical results are acceptable, but the condition is associated with a high risk of death within the first year after surgery.
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