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Sökning: WFRF:(Reategui Rafael Sanchez)

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  • Cooper, Declan L.M., et al. (författare)
  • Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 625:7996, s. 728-734
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations 1–6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories 7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.
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2.
  • Vagin, Mikhail Y, et al. (författare)
  • Screen-printed graphite microbands as a versatile biosensor platform
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: 24th Anniversary World Congress on Biosensors – Biosensors 2014. - : Elsevier.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The use of extremely small working electrodes offers a variety of benefits for electroanalysis. The enhanced mass transport as a result of convergent diffusion is the most important advantage of microdimensional electrodes and results in improved of analytical performance The low detectable-currents problem can be solved by single microelectrode multiplication into an array, thus combining the advantages of enhanced mass transport and high output signals. The microband is one of the most cost-effective and easy-fabricated geometries for microelectrodes. The microband width is a critical microscopic dimension of the electrode, which maintains the dominance of convergent diffusion, whereas the microband length is macroscopic and ensures registration of high currents.Graphite screen-printing on a plastic support is a standard technology for large-scale production of low cost electrochemical devices. This has been combined with simple guillotine cutting to fabricate of microband arrays for autonomous environmental and clinical monitoring.Single-layer and multilayer microband arrays of different band lengths were produced and characterised using optical and electrochemical methods. The critical dimension for the microband width to facilitate convergent diffusion was assessed electrochemically and found to be in the order of 5 microns. The developed electrode structures were used as a versatile platform for the manufacture of model electroanalytical systems. Direct oxidation of ascorbic acid was explored at the microband arrays and a glucose biosensor based on mediated and immobilised glucose oxidase was fabricated. Both examples yielded significant enhancement of the analytical performance.A: the layout of the screen-printed graphite microband array of 5 electrode layers. B: voltammmetric responses obtained at the microband arrays.Acknowledgement: Formas and Security Link for financial support; David Nilsson (Acreo) for screen-printing.
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