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1.	Abid, Abdul Rahman, et al. (författare) The effect of relative humidity on CaCl2 nanoparticles studied by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy 2021 Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 11:4, s. 2103-2111 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Ca- and Cl-containing nanoparticles are common in atmosphere, originating for example from desert dust and sea water. The properties and effects on atmospheric processes of these aerosol particles depend onthe relative humidity (RH) as they are often both hygroscopic and deliquescent. We present here a study of surface structure of free-flying CaCl2 nanoparticles (CaCl2-NPs) in the 100 nm size regime prepared at different humidity levels (RH: 11–85%). We also created mixed nanoparticles by aerosolizing a solution ofCaCl2 and phenylalanine (Phe), which is a hydrophobic amino acid present in atmosphere. Information of hydration state of CaCl2-NPs and production of mixed CaCl2 + Phe nanoparticles was obtained using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Ca 2p, Cl 2p, C 1s, and O 1s edges. We also report Ca 2p andCl 2p X-ray absorption spectra of an aqueous CaCl2 solution. The O 1s X-ray absorption spectra measured from hydrated CaCl2-NPs resemble liquid-like water spectrum, which is heavily influenced by the presence of ions. Core level spectra of Ca2+ and Cl- ions do not show a clear dependence of % RH, indicating that the first coordination shell remains similar in all measured hydrated CaCl2-NPs, but they differ from aqueous solution and solid CaCl2.

Abid, Abdul Rahman, et al. (författare)
The effect of relative humidity on CaCl2 nanoparticles studied by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy
2021
Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 11:4, s. 2103-2111
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ca- and Cl-containing nanoparticles are common in atmosphere, originating for example from desert dust and sea water. The properties and effects on atmospheric processes of these aerosol particles depend onthe relative humidity (RH) as they are often both hygroscopic and deliquescent. We present here a study of surface structure of free-flying CaCl2 nanoparticles (CaCl2-NPs) in the 100 nm size regime prepared at different humidity levels (RH: 11–85%). We also created mixed nanoparticles by aerosolizing a solution ofCaCl2 and phenylalanine (Phe), which is a hydrophobic amino acid present in atmosphere. Information of hydration state of CaCl2-NPs and production of mixed CaCl2 + Phe nanoparticles was obtained using soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Ca 2p, Cl 2p, C 1s, and O 1s edges. We also report Ca 2p andCl 2p X-ray absorption spectra of an aqueous CaCl2 solution. The O 1s X-ray absorption spectra measured from hydrated CaCl2-NPs resemble liquid-like water spectrum, which is heavily influenced by the presence of ions. Core level spectra of Ca2+ and Cl- ions do not show a clear dependence of % RH, indicating that the first coordination shell remains similar in all measured hydrated CaCl2-NPs, but they differ from aqueous solution and solid CaCl2.

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