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- Björck, Hanna M., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Shear-Sensitive Genes in the NormalRat Aorta Identifies Hand2 as a Major Flow-ResponsiveTranscription Factor
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Shear forces play a key role in the maintenance of vessel wall integrity. Current understanding regarding shear-dependent gene expression is mainly based on in vitro or in vivo observations with experimentally deranged shear, hence reflecting acute molecular events in relation to flow. Our objective was to determine wall shear stress (WSS) in the rat aorta and study flow-dependent vessel wall biology under physiological conditions.Methods and Results: Animal-specific aortic WSS magnitude and vector direction were estimated using computational fluid dynamic simulation based on aortic geometry and flow information acquired by MRI. Two distinct flow pattern regions were identified in the normal rat aorta; the distal part of the inner curvature being exposed to low WSS and a non-uniform vector direction, and a region along the outer curvature being subjected to markedly higher levels of WSS and a uniform vector direction. Microarray analysis revealed a strong differential expression between the flow regions, particularly associated with transcriptional regulation. In particular, several genes related to Ca2+-signalling, inflammation, proliferation and oxidative stress were among the most highly differentially expressed.Conclusions: Microarray analysis validated the CFD-defined WSS regions in the rat aorta, and several novel flow-dependent genes were identified. The importance of these genes in relation to atherosusceptibility needs further investigation.
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| 3. |
- Gårdhagen, Roland, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Geometrical Influence on WSS Estimation in the Human Aorta
- 2006
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Ingår i: WSEAS Transactions on Fluid Mechanics. - 1790-5087. ; 4:1, s. 318-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed on a stenosed human aorta with poststenotic dilatation, in order to estimate wall shear stress (WSS). WSS is important due to its correlation with atherosclerosis. Both steady-state and non-stationary simulations were conducted. Three different models were created from a set of MRI images. Comparison of geometrically different models was accomplished by using geometrical landmarks and a comparison parameter. Geometrical differences had larger influence on WSS magnitude than inflow rotation in steady-state results for the models used. In non-stationary flow the largest differences in WSS are found when the flow velocity near the wall is low e.g. when the inflow is low or in recirculation regions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Gårdhagen, Roland, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Subject Specific Wall Shear Stress in the Human Thoracic Aorta
- 2006
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Ingår i: WSEAS Transaction on biology and biomedicine. - 1109-9518. ; 10:3, s. 609-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous studies have shown a correlation between Wall Shear Stress (WSS) and atherosclerosis, but few have evaluated the reliability of estimation methods and measures used to assessWSS, which is the subject of this work. A subject specific vessel model of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta is created fromMRI images and used for CFD simulations with MRI velocity measurements as inlet boundary condition. WSS is computed from the simulation results. Aortic WSS shows significant spatial as well as temporal variation during a cardiac cycle, which makes circumferential values very uninformative, and approximate estimates using Hagen-Poiseuille fails predict the averageWSS. Highly asymmetric flow, especially in the arch, causes the spatial WSS variations.
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| 9. |
- Lantz, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Is aortic wall shear stress affected by aging? An image-based numerical study with two age groups
- 2015
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Ingår i: Medical Engineering and Physics. - : Elsevier. - 1350-4533 .- 1873-4030. ; 37:3, s. 265-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The size of the larger arteries increases during the entire life, but not much is known about how the change in size affects the blood flow. This study compares the flow field in a group of young males (N = 10, age = 23.5 +/- 1.4), with a group of older males (N = 8, age = 58.0 +/- 2.8). Aortic geometries were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging, and the aortic blood flow field was computed using computational fluid dynamics. The aortic wall shear stress was obtained from the computations, and it was concluded that time-averaged wall shear stress decreased with increased age, probably as a consequence of increased aortic diameter and decreased stroke volume, which in turn reduces the shear rates in the aorta. However, the oscillatory shear index, which is a measure of the oscillatory nature of the wall shear stress vector, seemed to be unaffected by aging.
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