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- Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman, et al.
(författare)
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The transmission modes and sources of COVID-19 : A systematic review
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8572. ; 26, s. 125-136
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current rampant coronavirus infection in humans, commonly known as COVID-19, a pandemic that may cause mortality in humans, has been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization(WHO). The morbidity and mortality rates due to the pandemic are increasing rapidly worldwide, with the USA most affected by the disease. The source COVID-19 is not absolutely clear; however, the disease may be transmitted by either by COVID-19-positive individuals or from a contaminated environment. In this review, we focused on how the COVID-19 virus is transmitted in the community. An extensive literature search was conducted using specific keywords and criteria. Based on the published report, it is concluded that COVID-19 is primarily transmitted human-to-human via oral and respiratory aerosols and droplets with the virus-contaminated environment play a lesser role in the propagation of disease. Healthcare providers and the elderly with comorbidities are especially susceptible to the infection.
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| 3. |
- Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman, et al.
(författare)
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Wet cupping therapy ameliorates pain in patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes : A controlled clinical study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8572. ; 26, s. 10-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cupping therapy has long been practiced in several cultures for the treatment of ailments and improvement of general well-being. Thus, the aim of this current study is to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of wet cupping treatments in relieving headache, chest pain and muscle ache in patients recently have diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, diabetes and high blood pressure.Materials and methods: This study determines the effects of wet cupping on some blood parameters and pressure in 50 males and 50 female patients aged between 35 and 55 years undergoing wet cupping therapy at the Sheefa Cupping and Acupuncture Private Center after they have been diagnosed clinically to have hyperglycemia, diabetes and high blood pressure by a specialist at Department of Chronic Diseases, Sulaimani Teaching Hospital. Venous blood was obtained, and blood pressure taken from patients immediately before and 72 h after cupping therapy. The hematological parameters and serum lipid profile, fasting blood sugar, ferritin, urea, and creatinine concentrations were determined.Results: Wet cupping significantly reduced the cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, ferritin, urea, and creatinine, lowered blood pressure but did not significantly affect the erythrocyte parameters, leukocyte or platelet counts in the patients. The normal hematological parameters in patients after wet cupping therapy showed that the treatment is not detrimental to health. The treated patients showed significantly reduced headache, chest pain and muscle ache verbally.Conclusion: Wet cupping therapy is beneficial as a prophylactic and/or complementary treatment for hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension and in prevention and control of diabetes mellitus and kidney disease, hence reducing the headache, chest pain and muscle ache.
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- MacDougall, Andrew S., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the distribution and phenology of Arctic Mountain plants between the early 20th and 21st centuries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 27:20, s. 5070-5083
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arctic plants are adapted to climatic variability, but their long-term responses to warming remain unclear. Responses may occur by range shifts, phenological adjustments in growth and reproduction, or both. Here, we compare distribution and phenology of 83 arctic and boreal mountain species, sampled identically in the early 20th (1917-1919) and 21st centuries (2017-2018) from a region of northern Sweden that has warmed significantly. We test two compensatory hypotheses to high-latitude warming-upward shifts in distribution, and earlier or extended growth and reproduction. For distribution, we show dramatic upward migration by 69% of species, averaging 6.1 m per decade, especially boreal woodland taxa whose upward expansion has reduced arctic montane habitat by 30%. Twenty percent of summit species showed distributional shifts but downward, especially moisture-associated snowbed flora. For phenology, we detected wide inter-annual variability in the onset of leafing and flowering in both eras. However, there was no detectable change in growing-season length, relating to two mechanisms. First, plot-level snow melt data starting in 1917 demonstrated that melt date, rather than vernal temperatures, better predicts plant emergence, with snow melt influenced by warmer years having greater snowfall-warmer springs did not always result in earlier emergence because snowbeds can persist longer. Second, the onset of reproductive senescence between eras was similar, even when plant emergence was earlier by a month, possibly due to intensified summer heat stress or hard-wired 'canalization' where senescence occurs regardless of summer temperature. Migrations in this system have possibly buffered arctic species against displacement by boreal expansion and warming, but ongoing temperature increases, woody plant invasion, and a potential lack of flexibility in timing of senescence may foreshadow challenges.
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| 5. |
- Skini, Ridha, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetocaloric effect and critical behavior in La0.8K0.2MnO3 nanoparticle
- 2021
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Ingår i: RESULTS IN PHYSICS. - : Elsevier. - 2211-3797. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the magnetocaloric effect and critical phenomenon on La0.8K0.2MnO3 nanoparticle through a systematic magnetic and electrical measurement. The magnetic entropy change (Delta S-M) presents close values obtained from resistivity and magnetic measurements, however, with a discrepancy in the magnetic entropy maximum values. This discrepancy is due to the presence of an extrinsic effect associated with the nanometric grain size affecting the electrical behavior. Interestingly, our results show a good agreement with the calculation of the critical exponents and the temperature coefficient of resistance shows positive and negative values. The obtained critical exponents are close to that of the mean-field theory (with beta = 0.5, gamma = 1, and delta = 3). This indicates a long-range interaction between spins a consequence of the presence the presence of dipole- dipole interaction in this system.
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