| 1. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Altruistic or egoistic framing, and placement of recruitment questions in on-line surveys. LORE methodological note 2014:15
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- An altruistic framing, asking respondents to contribute to the common good, of a recruitment question to a web panel within another web survey is found to result in a higher recruitment rate than an egoistic framing, which alludes to respondent’s wish to voice their opinions. The placement of the recruitment question is also found to significantly impact the recruitment rate with a later placement in the survey yielding a higher recruitment rate than recruitment questions placed in the beginning of the survey. The same pattern is found when analyzing the completion rates where respondents receiving the altruistic framing and a late placement of the recruitment question are more prone to answer the whole survey.
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| 2. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Are incentives more efficient when recruiting to a panel or when inviting to a survey. LORE methodological note 2015:2
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this note the efficiency of a small lottery incentive is evaluated. Through a two by two experimental design we examine the effects of offering an incentive when they sign up to an online panel and/or when they answer the first panel wave. The results reveal that offering an incentive in the recruitment phase has a long term effect on survey participation and even reaches a significantly higher cumulative response rate than the other groups after two years and eight panel waves. Giving an incentive in the first panel wave increases the survey participation rate in that particular wave but has no significant effect over time. Incentives also seem to somewhat decrease the prevalence of item nonresponse but has no clear effect on the amount of time respondents use to complete surveys.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Offering an incentive in web panel recruitment. Most efficiently introduced at a later stage? LORE methodological note 2014:19
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This methodological note examines the efficiency of different recruitment strategies to a probability based web panel. The note specifically studies the effect of introducing an incentive in the follow-up contact compared to using standard postcards, personalization, or using incentives from the beginning. The results reveal that using incentives is the most efficient way to increase recruitment rates, but that the final recruitment rates are the same if the incentive is introduced in the invitation letter (thus offering it to everyone) or only in the follow-up contact (thus offering it only to those who do not sign up immediately).
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| 5. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Personalization and incentives. Who can be convinced to join a web panel? LORE methodological note 2014:14
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This methodological note analyzes the recruitment rate, and the probability of different demographic groups to join the Citizen Panel, based on whether the respondent received a standard postcard, a personalized postcard, an incentive postcard or a postcard combining personalization and an incentive. The main conclusion from this analysis is that increased field work efforts results in a more even and thus more representative age distribution among the recruited respondents.
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| 6. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Postal recruitment to a probability based web panel. Long term consequences for response rates, representativeness and costs. LORE working paper 2015:1
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study evaluates the efficiency of postal recruitment strategies to a probability based web panel. An experimental set-up varied the use of incentives and reminders. The different strategies are evaluated in terms of recruitment rates, panel participation, panel attrition, costs and representativeness. The recruited respondents are followed over an eight wave panel study during two years to evaluate long term effects. The results show that even a very small lottery incentive leads to significantly higher (4-5 percentage points) recruitment rates. The incentives lead to lower costs per recruited panelist and slightly lower costs per responded survey also after eight panel waves. The representativeness improves with incentives in the first surveys but this difference disappears since attrition is somewhat higher among respondents that are more difficult to recruit to the panel. The reminder effects seem to be more robustly lasting over time than the effects from an incentive, and the cumulative response rate is significantly higher in the groups receiving reminders than in the groups who do not.
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| 7. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Recruiting an Online Panel From Another Online Survey: Consequences of Framing and Placement of the Recruitment Question
- 2017
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In: International journal of public opinion research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0954-2892 .- 1471-6909. ; 29:2, s. 339-351
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite the fact that many online surveys today rely on online access panels, previous studies have primarily examined what makes respondents answer online surveys, rather than focusing on the recruitment process to such panels. One common method is to recruit panel members through another online survey. Through an experimental 2 × 3 design, we examine how the framing (altruistic vs. egoistic appeals) and the placement of recruitment questions (early, middle, or late in the survey) in such surveys influence recruitment efficiency and subsequent survey behavior. We find that altruistic appeals and middle or late placements increase the recruitment rates. Further, altruistic appeals promote higher degrees of future survey participation in the panel. Early recruitment questions also risk leading to more survey break-offs.
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| 8. |
- Martinsson, Johan, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Recruitment effects of reminders, personalization and incentives. LORE methodological note 2014:8
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This methodological note examines how different numbers of follow-up contacts, lottery incentives, personalization and combinations thereof affects recruitments to an online panel from probability based samples of respondents. This note concludes that a small lottery incentive in itself, and an incentive combined with personalization can be effective. It is also evident that to reach a higher recruitment rate more effort and follow-up contacts are needed.
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