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- Grahl, DA, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between the CYBA 242C/T and the MPO -463G/A polymorphisms, oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients
- 2007
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Ingår i: Blood purification. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9735 .- 0253-5068. ; 25:2, s. 210-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variations in the NADPH/MPO system in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients might lead to altered activity of these enzymes, and thus to altered risk for oxidative stress (OS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the impact of 242C/T <i>CYBA</i> and –463G/A <i>MPO</i> polymorphisms on OS and CVD mortality in stage 5 CKD patients starting dialysis. Two hundred and fifty-seven patients were genotyped using Pyrosequencing. Plasmalogen [dimethylacetal (DMA) 16/C16:0] was used as OS marker. CVD was assessed from patient history and clinical symptoms. Prevalence of CVD was higher (35%) in GG patients (<i>MPO</i>) compared to AG (26%) and AA (0%) patients (p < 0.01). Patients with CC genotype (<i>CYBA</i>) had lower levels of DMA 16/C16:0 (ratio 0.071 ± 0.003) compared to TT patients (0.089 ± 0.006; p < 0.05). These patients also had increased CVD mortality compared to CT and TT patients (χ<sup>2</sup> 2.19; p < 0.05). We conclude that genetic variations in the NADPH/MPO system are associated with OS, presence of CVD and CVD-related mortality in CKD patients.
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- Nascimento, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of oral N-acetylcysteine treatment on plasma inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in peritoneal dialysis patients: a placebo-controlled study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. - : SAGE Publications. - 1718-4304 .- 0896-8608. ; 30:3, s. 336-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a thiol-containing antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to reduce the number of cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. ♦ Methods The current study aimed to determine the effect of oral NAC (2 × 600 mg/daily) on plasma levels of inflammatory and OS markers in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We performed a placebo-controlled study over 8 weeks in 30 patients (40% males, age 52 ± 13 years) on regular PD. Before the study was started, the patients were divided into 2 groups of 15 patients matched for age and gender. 22 patients completed the study (12 on NAC, 10 on placebo). Proinflammatory cytokines [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and pentraxin 3] and markers of OS (pentosidine, advanced oxidation protein products, homocysteine, glutathione, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and free sulfhydryls) were measured before and after treatment with NAC. ♦ Results Treatment with NAC for 8 weeks increased mean baseline plasma NAC levels from 2.6 to 24.8 μmol/L ( p = 0.007). This intervention, which caused no side effects, significantly diminished IL-6 levels, from 9.4 (4.5 – 31) to 7.6 (4.9 – 13.5) pg/mL ( p = 0.006), whereas no such changes were observed in the placebo group. NAC treatment did not significantly affect the other inflammatory and OS markers. ♦ Conclusions Short-term oral NAC treatment resulted in reduction of circulating IL-6, suggesting that such treatment could be a useful strategy in blunting the inflammatory response in PD patients.
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- Nascimento, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation, malnutrition and atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease: a global perspective
- 2002
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Ingår i: Blood purification. - : S. Karger AG. - 0253-5068 .- 1421-9735. ; 20:5, s. 454-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is characterized by an exceptional cardiovascular mortality rate. Although traditional risk factors are common in ESRD patients, they alone may not be sufficient to account for the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent evidence demonstrated that chronic inflammation, a non-traditional risk factor which is commonly observed in ESRD patients, may cause malnutrition and progressive atherosclerotic CVD by several pathogenetic mechanisms. Although both malnutrition and inflammation have been shown to be strong predictors of cardiovascular mortality in ESRD patients, it must be remembered that the majority of studies describing the presence of inflammation and malnutrition have been performed in Western and Asian industrialized countries. As it is evident that the prevalence of malnutrition and inflammation may differ markedly between different regions of the world and developing countries face a much higher prevalence of chronic infectious diseases, comparative inter-regional studies focusing on the etiology and prevalence of the malnutrition, inflammation and atherosclerosis syndrome are warranted.
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