| 1. |
- Kim, Jaehyun, et al.
(författare)
-
Monolithically integrated high-density vertical organic electrochemical transistor arrays and complementary circuits
- 2024
-
Ingår i: NATURE ELECTRONICS. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2520-1131.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) can be used to create biosensors, wearable devices and neuromorphic systems. However, restrictions in the micro- and nanopatterning of organic semiconductors, as well as topological irregularities, often limit their use in monolithically integrated circuits. Here we show that the micropatterning of organic semiconductors by electron-beam exposure can be used to create high-density (up to around 7.2 million OECTs per cm2) and mechanically flexible vertical OECT arrays and circuits. The energetic electrons convert the semiconductor exposed area to an electronic insulator while retaining ionic conductivity and topological continuity with the redox-active unexposed areas essential for monolithic integration. The resulting p- and n-type vertical OECT active-matrix arrays exhibit transconductances of 0.08-1.7 S, transient times of less than 100 mu s and stable switching properties of more than 100,000 cycles. We also fabricate vertically stacked complementary logic circuits, including NOT, NAND and NOR gates. Micropatterning of organic semiconductors by electron-beam exposure can be used to create vertical organic electrochemical transistor arrays and complementary logic circuits with densities of up to 7.2 million transistors per cm2.
|
|
| 2. |
- Koch, Felix Peter Vinzenz, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of molecular weight on microstructure and charge transport in semicrystalline polymer semiconductors–poly(3-hexylthiophene), a model study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Progress in Polymer Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0079-6700. ; 38:12, s. 1978-1989
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic properties of organic semiconductors are often critically dependent upon their ability to order from the molecular level to the macro-scale, as is true for many other materials attributes of macromolecular matter such as mechanical characteristics. Therefore, understanding of the molecular assembly process and the resulting solid-state short- and long-range order is critical to further advance the field of organic electronics. Here, we will discuss the structure development as a function of molecular weight in thin films of a model conjugated polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), when processed from solution and the melt. While focus is on the microstructural manipulation and characterization, we also treat the influence of molecular arrangement and order on electronic processes such as charge transport and show, based on classical polymer science arguments, how accounting for the structural complexity of polymers can provide a basis for establishing relevant processing/structure/property-interrelationships to explain some of their electronic features. Such relationships can assist with the design of new materials and definition of processing protocols that account for the molecular length, chain rigidity and propensity to order of a given system.
|
|
| 3. |
- Paulsen, B.D., et al.
(författare)
-
Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nature Materials. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1476-1122 .- 1476-4660. ; 19, s. 13-26
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Materials that efficiently transport and couple ionic and electronic charge are key to advancing a host of technological developments for next-generation bioelectronic, optoelectronic and energy storage devices. Here we highlight key progress in the design and study of organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs), a diverse family of soft synthetically tunable mixed conductors. Across applications, the same interrelated fundamental physical processes dictate OMIEC properties and determine device performance. Owing to ionic and electronic interactions and coupled transport properties, OMIECs demand special understanding beyond knowledge derived from the study of organic thin films and membranes meant to support either electronic or ionic processes only. We address seemingly conflicting views and terminology regarding charging processes in these materials, and highlight recent approaches that extend fundamental understanding and contribute to the advancement of materials. Further progress is predicated on multimodal and multi-scale approaches to overcome lingering barriers to OMIEC design and implementation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Zokaei, Sepideh, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
Toughening of a Soft Polar Polythiophene through Copolymerization with Hard Urethane Segments
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advanced Science. - : Wiley. - 2198-3844. ; 8:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polar polythiophenes with oligoethylene glycol side chains are exceedingly soft materials. A low glass transition temperature and low degree of crystallinity prevents their use as a bulk material. The synthesis of a copolymer comprising 1) soft polythiophene blocks with tetraethylene glycol side chains, and 2) hard urethane segments is reported. The molecular design is contrary to that of other semiconductor-insulator copolymers, which typically combine a soft nonconjugated spacer with hard conjugated segments. Copolymerization of polar polythiophenes and urethane segments results in a ductile material that can be used as a free-standing solid. The copolymer displays a storage modulus of 25 MPa at room temperature, elongation at break of 95%, and a reduced degree of swelling due to hydrogen bonding. Both chemical doping and electrochemical oxidation reveal that the introduction of urethane segments does not unduly reduce the hole charge-carrier mobility and ability to take up charge. Further, stable operation is observed when the copolymer is used as the active layer of organic electrochemical transistors.
|
|
