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- Groenen, M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Analyses of pig genomes provide insight into porcine demography and evolution
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 491:7424, s. 393-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For 10,000 years pigs and humans have shared a close and complex relationship. From domestication to modern breeding practices, humans have shaped the genomes of domestic pigs. Here we present the assembly and analysis of the genome sequence of a female domestic Duroc pig (Sus scrofa) and a comparison with the genomes of wild and domestic pigs from Europe and Asia. Wild pigs emerged in South East Asia and subsequently spread across Eurasia. Our results reveal a deep phylogenetic split between European and Asian wild boars approximately 1 million years ago, and a selective sweep analysis indicates selection on genes involved in RNA processing and regulation. Genes associated with immune response and olfaction exhibit fast evolution. Pigs have the largest repertoire of functional olfactory receptor genes, reflecting the importance of smell in this scavenging animal. The pig genome sequence provides an important resource for further improvements of this important livestock species, and our identification of many putative disease-causing variants extends the potential of the pig as a biomedical model.
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| 4. |
- Marthey, S., et al.
(författare)
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Transcription from a gene desert in a melanoma porcine model
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Genetics and Genomics. - : Springer. - 1617-4615 .- 1617-4623. ; 295:5, s. 1239-1252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic mechanisms underlying cutaneous melanoma onset and progression need to be further understood to improve patients' care. Several studies have focused on the genetic determinism of melanoma development in the MeLiM pig, a biomedical model of cutaneous melanoma. The objective of this study was to better describe the influence of a particular genomic region on melanoma progression in the MeliM model. Indeed, a large region of theSus scrofachromosome 1 has been identified by linkage and association analyses, but the causal mechanisms have remained elusive. To deepen the analysis of this candidate region, a dedicated SNP panel was used to fine map the locus, downsizing the interval to less than 2 Mb, in a genomic region located within a large gene desert. Transcription from this locus was addressed using a tiling array strategy and further validated by RT-PCR in a large panel of tissues. Overall, the gene desert showed an extensive transcriptional landscape, notably dominated by repeated element transcription in tumor and fetal tissues. The transcription of LINE-1 and PERVs has been confirmed in skin and tumor samples from MeLiM pigs. In conclusion, although this study still does not identify a candidate mutation for melanoma occurrence or progression, it highlights a potential role of repeated element transcriptional activity in the MeLiM model.
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