| 1. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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SeaCharging - Investigating the Need for Standardised Charging Infrastructure for Maritime Electrified Vessels
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The transport sector, including maritime transport, is facing accelerating electrification, where it is important that charging infrastructure is developed in parallel with electrified vessels. In today's few examples, charging technology is adapted to specific vessels and conditions. The possibility of using standards and standardisation to increase the efficiency of introducing electrified vessels has been the focus of the SeaCharging project. The middle segment of ships, such as waterborne public transport, is facing a rapid increase in electrification. The project begins with an exploratory analysis of the current situation with charging stations in Sweden. This analysis covers the obstacles, needs and opportunities in different shipping segments and geographical areas. This results in an informative review providing input to standardisation committees, but also ports and shipping companies. Dissemination of the project’s results was achieved via a workshop, a number of seminars and this final report directed at the maritime, energy, technology, and standardisation communities. Together with Lighthouse, we will in early 2023, do a broad workshop for the whole sector, presenting the final project results and putting them into a wider context.
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| 2. |
- Altuntas Vural, Ceren, et al.
(författare)
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International container shipping through the Covid-19 pandemic - Disruptions from a Swedish perspective
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the onset of the pandemic in spring 2020, the Swedish shipping sector was first affected by border closures preventing passengers to use RoPax shipping and cruise ferries. There were some blank sailings but in general they kept operating to foster intra-European trade by trucks despite the missing revenues from passengers. Shipping in general was affected by port disruptions and complicated crew changes. Eventually, however, it was clear that the most dramatic disruptions on a global scale where experienced in the container segment. General media reported on delayed goods, high freight rates and, however not related to the pandemic, the Ever Given blocking the Suez Canal for a week in March 2021. Currently, there are few reports of supply chains and shipping suffering from disruptions and capacity constraints related to the pandemic. The peak in freight rates was rather replaced by depressed rates and there is a certain risk that some logisticians and supply chain managers regard the pandemic as a once-in-a-lifetime event and just want to get back to a previous behaviour seeing container shipping as a commodity with indefinite capacity at a reasonable price. Nevertheless, the war in Ukraine, the drought in the Panama Canal and the attacks by the Houthi rebels in the Red Sea create other problems for container shipping. Freight rates increase significantly, but from very low levels. The purpose of the report is to describe and analyse how international container shipping was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and other disruptions. The analysis takes a Swedish perspective on disruptions and tries to go beyond the anecdotal reporting and capture what happened and why. Container shipping is put into a context of economy, consumption, world trade, supply chains and logistics. The pandemic and more current events affecting container shipping market are described together with how shipping lines responded. A series of interviews with Swedish actors revealed how they perceived the disruptions and what countermeasures the actors have applied to mitigate the effects, their organisational learning and how they prepare for future disruptions.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Dan, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Transport service procurement – initial findings and a research agenda
- 2016
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Ingår i: 25th IPSERA Conference, Dortmund, March 20-23, 2016..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology alone will not be sufficient to cope with emission reduction challenges. Transport procurement requires attention for individual firms as well as the transport industry to tackle environmental challenges. The aim of this paper is to identify practice, perceptions and outlook of transport buyers in order to present a research agenda that informs the advancement of current practice, on the basis of surveys, capturing practice among Swedish transport buyers. The direction for future research comprise levels of analysis ranging from the service level to industry-level, and suggest a mixed-method, wherein surveys are combined with in-depth case studies and workshops.
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| 4. |
- Castrellon, Juan Pablo, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the eco-efficiency benefits of empty container repositioning strategies via dry ports
- 2023
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trade imbalances and global disturbances generate mismatches in the supply and demand of empty containers (ECs) that elevate the need for empty container repositioning (ECR). This research investigated dry ports as a potential means to minimize EC movements, and thus reduce costs and emissions. We assessed the environmental and economic effects of two ECR strategies via dry ports—street turns and extended free temporary storage—considering different scenarios of collaboration between shipping lines with different levels of container substitution. A multi-paradigm simulation combined agent-based and discrete-event modelling to represent flows and estimate kilometers travelled, CO2 emissions, and costs resulting from combinations of ECR strategies and scenarios. Full ownership container substitution combined with extended free temporary storage at the dry port (FTDP) most improved ECR metrics, despite implementation challenges. Our results may be instrumental in increasing shipping lines’ collaboration while reducing environmental impacts in up to 32 % of the inland ECR emissions. © 2023 The Author(s)
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| 5. |
- Costa, Nicole, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting vessels to shoreside electricity in Sweden
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the KAJ-EL project was to offer decision support to ports and shipping companies about the implementation and use of shoreside electricity in Swedish ports. More specifically, this project investigated the following, among other questions related to shore power: • the driving forces and barriers among ports and shipping companies to offer or use shore power; • the decision making, steps and actors involved in the process of adopting shore power; • the costs and business arrangements for installing and operating shore power; • the challenges in the installation and operation of shore power; • the different shore power equipment used in Swedish ports and on board vessels; • the actions and condition to realise OPS adoption to a larger extent. The project group included researchers and experts in shipping, transport, logistics, economics, and human factors from SSPA and the University of Gothenburg, and included industry partners Svensk Sjöfart (Swedish Ship Owners’ Association) and Sveriges Hamnar (Ports of Sweden). In addition, industry and authorities were involved in a reference group with representatives from shipping companies, ports and electricity providers. Interviews were performed with various ports in Sweden, a port in Norway (Kristiansand) as well as the US ports of Long Beach and Seattle to compare the perspectives. Shipping companies were interviewed, as were a number of OPS equipment manufacturers, national grid operators and electricity providers. Two workshops and a final seminar were also conducted. This report presents an overview of the OPS situation in Sweden and provides principles for business models as well as recommendations for ports’ and shipping companies’ OPS work. It can be noted that Sweden is at the European forefront of OPS in the sense that it currently has nine cities offering OPS, with main focus so far on the ro-pax and ferry segment. Actors, in particular ports, perceive that the regulatory pressure to offer OPS is increasing and the knowledge about OPS, especially among non-experienced ports, is still limited. Further guidance on OPS installations and operations is therefore needed, in terms of the financial, business, technical and operational issues that the actors must deal with. One major question is how to secure the electricity supply to the ports. Collaboration between actors is key to successful OPS implementation and a higher level of standardisation can facilitate technical choices. Several areas in need of further research are highlighted in this report, such as investigating possible future power demand scenarios from using OPS, and supply strategies for ports. The project received funding from Trafikverket (The Swedish Transport Administration).
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Jenny, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Intressent- och behovsanalys för resvaneundersökningar : resultat från intervjuer och enkätundersökning
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Sverige genomförs en nationell resvaneundersökning med viss regelbundenhet med Trafikanalys som ansvarig myndighet. Undersökningen har problem med bortfall, täckning, kostnader och uppgiftslämnarbörda. Ett projekt pågår som syftar till att utveckla nya metoder för att samla in data om personers mobilitet. Projektet är indelat i fem arbetspaket, varav detta arbete är ett. Syftet är att utföra en intressent- och behovsanalys avseende framtida resvaneundersökningar. I detta ingår att identifiera syften och frågeställningar som resvaneundersökningar ska kunna hantera och besvara.Det genomfördes 20 telefonintervjuer och utskick av webbenkät till 142 personer (svar från 81 personer, svarsfrekvens 57 procent). Intressenterna delades in i tre olika grupper: offentlig sektor, forskningsorganisation och övriga aktörer. Tillsammans med egna erfarenheter har en analys gjorts av vad som efterfrågas från den nationella resvaneundersökningen. Frågeställningar som centrala för användare av resvaneundersökningar är val av färdsätt, resans ärende samt mått på hur resvanorna förändras över tid och hur olika grupper reser. För detta behövs både uppgifter om individen och resorna. Utöver detta önskar man bra data på kommunal nivå eller lägre. Dock kan Trafikanalys i nuläget inte erbjuda den möjligheten, men här finns det möjlighet för kommuner, regioner och andra aktörer att välja ett extraurval från den befintliga nationella resvaneundersökningen.
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| 7. |
- Henriksson, Malin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Köpa mat online? : effekter av ökad e-handel för person- och godstransporter i ett växande e-handelssamhälle
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- De senaste åren har e-handel av livsmedel ökat starkt. Idag bygger beräkningar om e-handelns energieffekt på uppskattningar och antaganden snarare än på kunskap om branschen och dess kunder. Den här studien genererar fördjupad kunskap om vad det ur ett transportperspektiv innebär att företag istället för individer ansvarar för att matvaror transporteras till hemmet. Huvudsyftet med projektet är att analysera effekter till följd av ökad e-handel av livsmedel samt synliggöra faktorer som möjliggör en realisering av eventuell energibesparing. Detta görs ur ett regionalt perspektiv och i en svensk kontext. Syftet har uppnåtts genom en studie av energieffektiva distributionslösningar för e-handelserbjudanden, och genom en intervjustudie om potentiella och befintliga e-handelskunders preferenser, erfarenheter och beteende samt genom framtagandet av en regional modell för persontransporter.Resultaten pekar på att e-handel har betydande teoretisk potential givet att effektiva rutter ersätter inköpsresor med privat bil. Idag innebär många kompletteringsresor med bil att e-handeln inte i någon högre grad ersätter inköpsresorna, vilket innebär att energibesparingen idag sannolikt är begränsad. För att potentialen ska kunna uppnås behövs ett utökat kundunderlag, en medveten stadsplanering som prioriterar gång-, cykel- och kollektivtrafik, som lyfter godstransporter som en strategisk fråga och som lokaliserar livsmedelsbutiker nära människors hem.
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| 8. |
- Liljestrand, Kristina, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Providing explicit descriptions of studied systems: more than a necessary evil?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nofoma Conference Proceedings. - 9788279622024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeExplicit descriptions of studied systems can support researchers in clarifying objects of study and motives of research as well as in structuring research design. However, since many scholars of systems approaches operate outside the field of logistics, applying systems approaches in logistics can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is therefore to describe how a systems approach can be applied in logistics so as to provide guidance for logistics researchers in their descriptions of studied systems.Design/methodology/approachTwo systems approaches were used to describe the systems studied in six doctoral theses. A series of workshops was conducted to compare the descriptions and share challenges.FindingsKey aspects for adapting the selected systems approaches corresponded to four areas of logistics—activities, flow, performance, and actors—all of which can be included in the selected systems approaches. Advice for doctoral students on applying these frameworks is provided.Research limitations/implicationsThis research can provide support to other logistics researchers when applying systems approaches and developing explicit descriptions of studied systems.Original/valueSystems approaches are central to logistics research, a field in which scholars are encouraged to apply well-known systems approaches. This paper contributes value by providing explicit examples of how such approaches were applied in six logistics research projects.
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| 9. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing flexibility-based measures during different disruptions: evidence from maritime supply chains
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management. - : Emerald Publishing. - 0960-0035 .- 1758-664X. ; 54:2, s. 163-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper’s purpose is to explore flexibility-based countermeasures that enable actors in maritime supply chains to mitigate the effects of disruptions with different characteristics. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with shipping lines, shippers, forwarders and ports. Data on the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects and countermeasures were collected and compared with data regarding the 2016–2017 Gothenburg port conflict. Spatial, capacity, service and temporal flexibility emerged as the primary countermeasures, whilst important characteristics of disruptions were geographical spread, duration, uncertainty, criticality, the element of surprise and intensity. Spatial flexibility was exercised in both disruptions by switching to alternative ports. During the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring capacity flexibility included first removing and then adding vessels. Shipping lines exercising service flexibility prioritised certain cargo, which made the spot market uncertain and reduced flexibility for forwarders, importers and exporters that changed carriers or traffic modes. Experience with disruptions meant less surprise and better preparation for spatial flexibility. Comparing flexibility-based measures in a pandemic versus port conflict provides insights into the important characteristics of disruptions and the relevance of mitigation strategies. The resilience of maritime supply chains, although underexamined compared with manufacturing supply chains, is essential for maintaining global supply chain flows.
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| 10. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975
(författare)
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Connecting ordering of freight transport to logistical variables related to CO2 emissions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the LRN Conference, Cranfield, 5-7 September 2012.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Reducing environmental impact is increasingly important for companies and this includes concerns regarding emissions from purchased freight transport services. When shippers order freight transport services, according to purchasing agreements, shipment specific requirements are specified, which can restrict the planning options of the transport provider, thereby influencing how the transport is performed and the resulting environmental performance. Therefore, shippers’ daily processes for ordering freight transport are of interest. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the shipper´s freight transport ordering process influences the logistical variables in the framework of Piecyk and McKinnon (2010): modal split, handling factor, average length of haul, lading factor, empty running, fuel efficiency and carbon intensity of fuel, in order to understand in what way CO2 emissions can be affected by the freight transport ordering process. Research approach: An explorative multiple case study of routine freight transport ordering processes at manufacturing companies was carried out. Shippers were interviewed to describe the transport ordering process as well as how related internal processes provide input to the process. The analysis combines the information from the cases with literature that describes logistical variables, and results in a description of how the transport ordering process can influence logistical variables. Findings and Originality: The study identified several connections from the freight transport ordering process to logistical variables and that the potential to reduce CO2 emissions partly depends on input from other processes. Examples of findings are, first, that timing of information input to the transport ordering process regarding transport requirements can influence lading factor and empty running, by affecting opportunities for the transport provider to plan vehicle utilisation. Secondly, communication between the sales staff and the transport ordering staff about customer needs regarding delivery times can affect urgency of transport and thereby influence modal split. Thirdly, information input to the transport ordering process regarding dimensions can affect planning of space required for the shipment and the utilisation of ordered space, thereby influencing lading factor. Research impact: The paper contributes by process descriptions of the freight transport ordering processes, which has been rarely covered in previous research. Also, a general model of the process is proposed. It also contributes to the framework used by Piecyk and McKinnon (2010) by showing influence from the transport ordering process on logistical variables. Practical impact: Shippers can learn how the configuration of the freight transport ordering process can influence logistical variables. This is important in order to be able to configure the freight transport ordering process to accommodate environmental considerations and reduce CO2 emissions from freight transport.
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