| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Barbaud, Annick, et al.
(författare)
-
Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines : An ENDA/EAACI Position paper
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 77:8, s. 2292-2312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.Method Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.Results No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature. Potential allergens, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate and tromethamine are excipients. The authors propose allergy evaluation of persons with the following histories: 1-anaphylaxis to injectable drug or vaccine containing PEG or derivatives; 2-anaphylaxis to oral/topical PEG containing products; 3-recurrent anaphylaxis of unknown cause; 4-suspected or confirmed allergy to any mRNA vaccine; and 5-confirmed allergy to PEG or derivatives. We recommend a prick-to-prick skin test with the left-over solution in the suspected vaccine vial to avoid waste. Prick test panel should include PEG 4000 or 3500, PEG 2000 and polysorbate 80. The value of in vitro test is arguable.Conclusions These recommendations will lead to a better knowledge of the management and mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines and enable more people with history of allergy to be vaccinated.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ianora, Adrianna, et al.
(författare)
-
The Relevance of Marine Chemical Ecology to Plankton and Ecosystem Function : An Emerging Field
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Marine Drugs. - : MDPI. - 1660-3397. ; 9:9, s. 1625-1648
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine chemical ecology comprises the study of the production and interaction of bioactive molecules affecting organism behavior and function. Here we focus on bioactive compounds and interactions associated with phytoplankton, particularly bloom-forming diatoms, prymnesiophytes and dinoflagellates. Planktonic bioactive metabolites are structurally and functionally diverse and some may have multiple simultaneous functions including roles in chemical defense (antipredator, allelopathic and antibacterial compounds), and/or cell-to-cell signaling (e.g., polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) of diatoms). Among inducible chemical defenses in response to grazing, there is high species-specific variability in the effects on grazers, ranging from severe physical incapacitation and/or death to no apparent physiological response, depending on predator susceptibility and detoxification capability. Most bioactive compounds are present in very low concentrations, in both the producing organism and the surrounding aqueous medium. Furthermore, bioactivity may be subject to synergistic interactions with other natural and anthropogenic environmental toxicants. Most, if not all phycotoxins are classic secondary metabolites, but many other bioactive metabolites are simple molecules derived from primary metabolism (e.g., PUAs in diatoms, dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in prymnesiophytes). Producing cells do not seem to suffer physiological impact due to their synthesis. Functional genome sequence data and gene expression analysis will provide insights into regulatory and metabolic pathways in producer organisms, as well as identification of mechanisms of action in target organisms. Understanding chemical ecological responses to environmental triggers and chemically-mediated species interactions will help define crucial chemical and molecular processes that help maintain biodiversity and ecosystem functionality.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Najafi, Leyla, et al.
(författare)
-
Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Photocathodes Based on WS2 Flakes as Hole Transporting Layer Material
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Small Structures. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2688-4062. ; 2:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficient production of molecular hydrogen (H2) is a fundamental step toward an environmentally friendly economy. Photocathodes using organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films as light harvesters represent an attracting technology for low-cost photoelectrochemical water splitting. These photocathodes need charge transporting layers (CTLs) to efficiently separate and transport either holes or electrons toward the back-current collector and electrolyte, respectively. Therefore, it is pivotal to control the energy band edge levels and the work function (WF) of the CTLs to match the ones of the BHJ film, current collector, and electrolyte. Herein, the use of 2D p-doped WS2 flakes as hole transporting material for H2-evolving photocathodes based on the regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (rr-P3HT:PCBM) BHJ film is proposed. The WS2 flakes are produced through scalable liquid-phase exfoliation of the bulk crystal, whereas p-type chemical doping allows the tuning of the WS2 WF. This approach boosts the performances of the photocathodes, reaching photocurrent densities up to 4.14 mA cm−2 at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), an onset potential of 0.66 V versus RHE, and a ratiometric power-saved metric of 1.28% (under 1 sun illumination). To the best of the authors' knowledge, these performances represent the current record for 2D materials-based CTLs.
|
|
| 6. |
- Telloni, Daniele, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the Solar Wind from Its Source on the Corona into the Inner Heliosphere during the First Solar Orbiter-Parker Solar Probe Quadrature
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2041-8205 .- 2041-8213. ; 920:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This Letter addresses the first Solar Orbiter (SO)-Parker Solar Probe (PSP) quadrature, occurring on 2021 January 18 to investigate the evolution of solar wind from the extended corona to the inner heliosphere. Assuming ballistic propagation, the same plasma volume observed remotely in the corona at altitudes between 3.5 and 6.3 solar radii above the solar limb with the Metis coronagraph on SO can be tracked to PSP, orbiting at 0.1 au, thus allowing the local properties of the solar wind to be linked to the coronal source region from where it originated. Thanks to the close approach of PSP to the Sun and the simultaneous Metis observation of the solar corona, the flow-aligned magnetic field and the bulk kinetic energy flux density can be empirically inferred along the coronal current sheet with an unprecedented accuracy, allowing in particular estimation of the Alfven radius at 8.7 solar radii during the time of this event. This is thus the very first study of the same solar wind plasma as it expands from the sub-Alfvenic solar corona to just above the Alfven surface.
|
|
| 7. |
- Telloni, Daniele, et al.
(författare)
-
Linking Small-scale Solar Wind Properties with Large-scale Coronal Source Regions through Joint Parker Solar Probe-Metis/Solar Orbiter Observations
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 935:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The solar wind measured in situ by Parker Solar Probe in the very inner heliosphere is studied in combination with the remote-sensing observation of the coronal source region provided by the METIS coronagraph aboard Solar Orbiter. The coronal outflows observed near the ecliptic by Metis on 2021 January 17 at 16:30 UT, between 3.5 and 6.3 R (circle dot) above the eastern solar limb, can be associated with the streams sampled by PSP at 0.11 and 0.26 au from the Sun, in two time intervals almost 5 days apart. The two plasma flows come from two distinct source regions, characterized by different magnetic field polarity and intensity at the coronal base. It follows that both the global and local properties of the two streams are different. Specifically, the solar wind emanating from the stronger magnetic field region has a lower bulk flux density, as expected, and is in a state of well-developed Alfvenic turbulence, with low intermittency. This is interpreted in terms of slab turbulence in the context of nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamics. Conversely, the highly intermittent and poorly developed turbulent behavior of the solar wind from the weaker magnetic field region is presumably due to large magnetic deflections most likely attributed to the presence of switchbacks of interchange reconnection origin.
|
|
