| 1. |
- Vyatkin, Valeriy, et al.
(författare)
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Now that's smart!
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. - 1932-4529 .- 1941-0115. ; 1:4, s. 17-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to encapsulate knowledge into function blocks, have more configurability of devices and features and apply models as a network of function blocks, the function block architecture of IEC 61499 has bee developed. IEC 61499 provides a new degree of flexibility in managing embedded control and information processing systems. IEC 61499 can also be used in a network of function blocks wherein an application is distributed across different computing devices. IEC 61499 provides a mechanism for creating new device types as a set of resource types and function block libraries and uses an Open XML-based device management protocol, which in turn enables configurability of compliant devices by compliant software tools. As such, IEC 61499 is a far better solution that existing PLC systems, not to mention the fact that it allows creation and deletion of resources which are containers for applications. IEC 61499 function blocks have enabled features such as reconfigurability, PnP, independence of target execution platforms and independence of control strategy.
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| 2. |
- Pinisetty, Srinivas, et al.
(författare)
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Security of Pacemakers using Runtime Verification
- 2018
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Ingår i: 16th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for System Design (MEMOCODE'18), pages 51-61. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Yip, Eugene, et al.
(författare)
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Relaxing the Synchronous Approach for Mixed-Criticality Systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Application Symposium (RTAS). - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479946914 ; , s. 89-100
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synchronous languages are widely used to design safety-critical embedded systems. These languages are based on the synchrony hypothesis, asserting that all tasks must complete instantaneously at each logical time step. This assertion is, however, unsuitable for the design of mixed-criticality systems, where some tasks can tolerate missed deadlines. This paper proposes a novel extension to the synchronous approach for supporting three levels of task criticality: life, mission, and non-critical. We achieve this by relaxing the synchrony hypothesis to allow tasks that can tolerate bounded or unbounded deadline misses. We address the issue of task communication between multi-rate, mixed-criticality tasks, and propose a deterministic lossless communication model. To maximize system utilization, we present a hybrid static and dynamic scheduling approach that executes schedulable tasks during slack time. Extensive benchmarking shows that our approach can schedule up to 15% more task sets and achieve an average of 5.38% better system utilization than the Early-Release EDF (ER-EDF) approach. Tasks are scheduled fairer under our approach and achieve consistently higher execution frequencies, but require more preemptions.
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| 4. |
- Yoong, Li Hsien, et al.
(författare)
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A Synchronous approach for IEC 61499 function block implementation
- 2009
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Computers. - 0018-9340 .- 1557-9956. ; 58:12, s. 1599-1614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IEC 61499 has been endorsed as the standard for modeling and implementing distributed industrial process measurement and control systems. The standard prescribes the use of function blocks for designing systems in a component-oriented approach. The execution model of a basic function block and the manner for event/data connections between blocks are described therein. Unfortunately, the standard does not provide exhaustive specifications for function block execution. Consequently, multiple standard-compliant implementations exhibiting different behaviors are possible. This not only defeats the purpose of having a standard but also makes verification of function block systems difficult. To overcome this, we propose synchronous semantics for function blocks and show its feasibility by translating function blocks into a subset of Esterel, a well-known synchronous language. The proposed semantics avoids causal cycles common in Esterel and is proved to be reactive and deterministic under any composition. Moreover, verification techniques developed for synchronous systems can now be applied to function blocks.
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| 5. |
- Young, Li Hsien, et al.
(författare)
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Synchronous execution of IEC 61499 function blocks using esterel
- 2007
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Ingår i: INDIN 2007. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 1189-1194
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IEC 61499 standard proposes a component-oriented approach for specifying industrial-process measurement and control systems using function blocks. Unfortunately, the standard does not provide rigorous semantics for the execution of function blocks, resulting in different behaviours on different implementations. The differences arise mostly as a result of the various event handling and scheduling mechanisms employed. To overcome such ambiguities, this paper proposes synchronous semantics for function block execution by translating function block programs into Esterel, a well-known synchronous language. The mathematical foundation of synchronous languages will not only precisely define the execution semantics, but also open up the pathway for formal verification of function blocks
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