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- Grundström, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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A more agreeable climate in Moroccan housing areas
- 1999
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Ingår i: Swedish Building Research. - : The Swedish Council for Building Research. - 1400-6995. ; :4, s. 10-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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- Johansson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Street canyon microclimate in traditional and modern neighbourhoods in a hot dry climate - a case study in Fez, Morocco
- 2001
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Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. ; 2, s. 661-665
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The urban climate can vary considerably within cities. In a hot and dry climate, the micro¬climate at street level depends to a large extent on the urban geometry and building density. To be able to plan and design comfortable urban areas in the future, it is important to understand how different urban textures influence the climate. This paper deals with a case study in Fez, Morocco, where climate measurements took place in two entirely different types of neighbourhoods: a modern, suburban area with wide streets and many open spaces and a traditional, dense neighbourhood in the old city. The results show significant differences between the two neighbourhoods. In both summer and winter the minimum temperature was 2–4°C lower in the modern area, and the maximum temperature was about 10°C higher. In summer the modern area was extremely uncomfortable whereas the traditional was within the comfort zone. In winter neither area achieved comfort, but the modern was better.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of urban design on outdoor thermal comfort in the hot, humid city of Colombo, Sri Lanka
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biometeorology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1254 .- 0020-7128. ; 51:2, s. 119-133, s. 217-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outdoor environment is deteriorating in many tropical cities due to rapid urbanization. This leads to a number of problems related to health and well-being of humans and also negatively affects social and commercial outdoor activities. The creation of thermally comfortable microclimates in urban environments is therefore very important. This paper discusses the influence of street-canyon geometry on outdoor thermal comfort in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Five sites with different urban geometry, ground cover, and distance from the sea were studied during the warmest season. The environmental parameters affecting thermal comfort, viz. air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation, were measured, and the thermal comfort was estimated by calculating the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). The thermal comfort is far above the assumed comfort zone due to the combination of intense solar radiation, high temperatures, and low wind speeds, especially on clear days. The worst conditions were found in wide streets with low-rise buildings and no shade trees. The most comfortable conditions were found in narrow streets with tall buildings, especially if shade trees were present, as well as in areas near the coast where the sea breeze had a positive effect. In order to improve the outdoor comfort in Colombo, it is suggested to allow a more compact urban form with deeper street canyons and to provide additional shade through the use of trees, covered walkways, pedestrian arcades, etc. The opening up of the city's coastal strip would allow the sea breeze to penetrate further into the city.
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| 7. |
- Kronvall, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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Hygro-thermal and energy related performance of vertical greening on exterior walls : a field measurement study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th symposium on building physics in the Nordic countries. - : Lund University, Department of Building Physics. ; , s. 247-254
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Grönska på väggar har under senare år blivit föremål för stort intresse inom stadsplanering och arkitektur. Det har emellertid till stor del saknats kunskap och erfarenhet av den tekniska funktionen hos sådana väggar, speciellt vad gäller värme- och fuktförhållanden och energitekniskt beteende. Detta konferensbidrag presenterar resultat från ett årslångt fullskaleförsök i södra Sverige (Malmö). Olika typer av väggrönska har undersökts: kommersiellt tillgängliga kassetter, väggelement med odlingsfickor av väv och olika kläng- och klätterväxter. Väggrönskan påverkar värme- och fuktförhållandena för den ursprungliga väggen relativt starkt. Grönskan kan också bidra till torrare väggar genom att grönskan skyddar mot slagregn. Energibalansen hos ursprungligen klent värmeisolerade väggar förbättras något under vintertid genom en lätt ökad lufttemperatur i luftspalten bakom väggrönskan och under sommartid genom att grönskan skuggar den bakomliggande väggen. Ingen effekt av evaporativ kylning har kunnat identifieras i denna studie.
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| 9. |
- Rosenlund, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Building Green in Jordan? Performance Evaluation of the aqaba Residential Energy Efficiency Pilot Project (AREE)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Architecture and Urban Development.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The AREE house was built in 2007/2008 to provide a showcase of a high performance building in Aqaba city in the southern part of Jordan. The total energy performance of the building was achieved through three types of measures grouped into passive design elements, material choices and renewable energy installations. The energy performance and associated costs and benefits for each type were modelled to highlight opportunities for low and high income segments of the residential building market in Jordan. This paper provides a post construction evaluation of the actual energy performance of the building and the real costs and benefits. The sustainability concept of the building is reviewed, as well as the construction process and the life cycle costing of the energy enhancing measures. The findings show that passive design elements and material choices do improve the energy performance. This is derived from the actual indoor comfort monitoring in comparison with base case simulations. The payback time on the incremental investments needed is less than 3.5 years. At the same time, the monitoring also showed that not all passive design measures for energy performance were effective. This paper reflects on the experience and lessons learned from AREE for potential wider integration of sustainability elements into building projects in Jordan.
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| 10. |
- Rosenlund, Hans
(författare)
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Climatic Design of Buildings using Passive Techniques
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Buildings in developing countries are often designed without taking sufficient account of the climate. Factors such as the urban surroundings or site characteristics, orientation and architectural design of the building, choice of building materials, etc are not given enough importance. Consequently buildings often have a poor indoor climate, which affects comfort, health and efficiency. The problem is found in dwellings as well as workplaces or public buildings, such as schools and hospitals. As living standards rise people want to install heating and/or cooling equipment to improve thermal comfort. For buildings not adapted to the climate, the amount of energy to run the equipment, and its cost, will be excessively high, and it will have a negative impact on the environment. A good, or at least acceptable, indoor climate can often be achieved with little or no extra input of energy. Apart from a general lack of norms and regulations, one reason why buildings are poorly adapted to the climate is lack of knowledge among architects, planners and engineers. Central concepts such as thermal capacity and thermal insulation are often misunderstood. The knowledge from traditional construction, which was fairly well adapted to the climate, is often lost or difficult to translate to modern techniques and society. The objective of this study is to present information about the climatic design of buildings today, using passive techniques. It explains central concepts in climatic design and gives recommendations on how to carry out the design in different climates. The focus is on building design, but urban climate is also considered. Ways to gain more knowledge are presented and illustrated with a case study. This study was carried out as a desk study. The work is based on: compilation of the author’s experience as a designer and researcher in North Africa, South-East Asia and Latin America, survey of the literature survey on experiences in other regions, synthesis of personal and collected information. Each building site offers its own conditions for a good climatic design, and it is the task of the designer to exploit the positive and avoid the negative. Even if it is impossible to give any general rules, recommendations in the form of a checklist are summarized for each main climate type.
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