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- Dahle, Nina Edel, et al.
(författare)
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Emoqol- 100 : Development and validation of a single question for low mood in primary care. A retrospective audit.
- 2023
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Ingår i: BJGP OPEN. - : Royal College of General Practitioners. - 2398-3795. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with depression need to be diagnosed and managed effectively in primary care. However, current inventories for case- finding low mood are time- consuming when considering the limited time available during appointments. Aim: To validate the diagnostic accuracy of a single question on the emotional quality of life (Emoqol- 100) as a measure of depression in symptomatic patients. Design & setting: A retrospective clinical audit, validating the Emoqol- 100 compared with the 9- item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ- 9) and Burns Depression Scale Today (BDST) in South Auckland, Method: Consecutive patients with suspected low mood, seen over 22 months in a single primary care clinic by one of the authors, were eligible for this retrospective audit (n = 160). The index test was the verbally asked Emoqol- 100: 'How is your emotional quality of life now, with 100 being perfect and 0 being the worst imaginable?' The reference standard was the PHQ- 9 (n = 426 visits) with a cut- off point of >= 10 or BDST (n = 513 visits) with a cut- off point of >= 6. Results: The Emoqol- 100 range 0-20 had a likelihood ratio (LR) of 25.2 for low mood compared with the BDST as the reference standard; and for Emoqol- 100 scores of 21-40, 41-60, 61-80, and 81-100 the LRs were 3.6, 1.7, 0.35, and 0.09, respectively. For the PHQ- 9, these were 10.1, 2.9, 1.3, 0.40, and 0.2, respectively. Any score <= 60 was associated with a low mood. Conclusion: The Emoqol- 100 appears to have high validity, so when it is low (<= 60), it is suggestive of a high PHQ- 9 or BDST score, and a mood issue probably exists. Emoqol- 100 could be helpful for busy primary care professionals and other clinicians.
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| 2. |
- Matthew, Carolyn, et al.
(författare)
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Burns Depression Scale Today (BDST) : A validation study of BDST against the reference standard of PHQ-9
- 2023
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF FAMILY MEDICINE AND PRIMARY CARE. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 2249-4863 .- 2278-7135. ; 12:7, s. 1367-1370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Case finding for low mood is essential in primary care, but it is time-consuming using current depression inventories. The Burns Depression Scale Today (BDST) is a short, simple inventory which assesses mood for today, and we aimed to validate it in this study.Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients with emotional distress seen in a single primary care clinic by one of the authors over 22 months were eligible for this retrospective audit (N = 160). Multiple visits (N = 421) from the same patient were included in the study. The index test was BDST, which assesses the patient's mood for today. The reference standard was the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), which assesses mood over the past 2 weeks. PHQ-9 had a cut-off point of & GE;10 and BDST had a cut-off point of & GE;6 for a significant mood issue.Results: The median age of patients was 35 years, and 63% of the cohort were women. The median BDST score was 8, indicative of moderately low mood, and the median PHQ-9 score was 15, indicative of moderately severe depression. For patients with a BDST score & GE;6, the likelihood ratio of a positive test was 2.67. The sensitivity was 85% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89%-96%) and the specificity was 68% (95% CI: 60%-76%). The area under the curve was 84% (95% CI: 80%-87%).Conclusion: This audit validates BDST against PHQ-9 and finds it an excellent case-finding tool compared to PHQ-9. This is the first validation study of BDST.
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