| 1. |
- Aguado, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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The Fifteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : First Release of MaNGA-derived Quantities, Data Visualization Tools, and Stellar Library
- 2019
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 240:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years have passed since first light for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Here, we release data taken by the fourth phase of SDSS (SDSS-IV) across its first three years of operation (2014 July-2017 July). This is the third data release for SDSS-IV, and the 15th from SDSS (Data Release Fifteen; DR15). New data come from MaNGA-we release 4824 data cubes, as well as the first stellar spectra in the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar), the first set of survey-supported analysis products (e.g., stellar and gas kinematics, emission-line and other maps) from the MaNGA Data Analysis Pipeline, and a new data visualization and access tool we call "Marvin." The next data release, DR16, will include new data from both APOGEE-2 and eBOSS; those surveys release no new data here, but we document updates and corrections to their data processing pipelines. The release is cumulative; it also includes the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since first light. In this paper, we describe the location and format of the data and tools and cite technical references describing how it was obtained and processed. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has also been updated, providing links to data downloads, tutorials, and examples of data use. Although SDSS-IV will continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V (2020-2025), we end this paper by describing plans to ensure the sustainability of the SDSS data archive for many years beyond the collection of data.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary absorption - estimation of effective pulmonary permeability and tissue retention of ten drugs using an ex vivo rat model and computational analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0939-6411 .- 1873-3441. ; 124, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Permeation of inhaled drugs across the pulmonary epithelium can regulate the rate and extent of local drug absorption and hence the pulmonary tissue concentration. Therefore, understanding pulmonary epithelial transport could be important for successful design of novel inhaled medicines. To enhance understanding of pulmonary epithelial transport, drug transport data were generated for a set of inhaled compounds (n = 10) in the single-pass, isolated perfused rat lung model. A compartmental in silica model was used to estimate pulmonary permeability and tissue retention. The theoretical model was also used to re-analyze previously obtained historical drug transport data from the isolated perfused lung (n = 10) with re-circulating buffer. This was performed to evaluate the re-circulating model for assessing tissue retention measurements and to increase the number of data points. The tissue retention was an important parameter to estimate to be able to describe the drug transport profiles accurately of most of the investigated compounds. A relationship between the pulmonary permeability and the intrinsic (carrier-mediated transport inhibited) permeability of Caco-2 cell monolayers (n = 1-6) was also established. This correlation (R-2 = 0.76, p < .0001) suggests that intrinsic Caco-2 permeability measurements could offer early predictions of the passive transcellular permeability of lung epithelium to candidate drugs. Although, for some compounds a deviation from the correlation suggests that other transport mechanisms may coexist. The compartmental in silica model was successful in describing the pulmonary drug transport profiles of the investigated compounds and has potential for further development to investigate the effects of formulations with different features on the pulmonary overall absorption rate.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary Dissolution of Poorly Soluble Compounds Studied in an ex Vivo Rat Lung Model
- 2019
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Ingår i: Molecular Pharmaceutics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1543-8384 .- 1543-8392. ; 16:7, s. 3053-3064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many inhaled drugs are poorly water soluble, and the dissolution rate is often the rate-limiting step in the overall absorption process. To improve understanding of pulmonary drug dissolution, four poorly soluble inhalation compounds (AZD5423 (a developmental nonsteroidal glucocorticoid), budesonide, fluticasone furoate (FF), and fluticasone propionate (FP)) were administered as suspensions or dry powders to the well-established isolated perfused 4 rat lung (IPL) model. Two particle size distributions (d50 = 1.2 mu m and d50 = 2.8 mu m) were investigated for AZD5423. The pulmonary absorption rates of the drugs from the suspensions and dry powders were compared with historical absorption data for solutions to improve understanding of the effects of dissolution on the overall pulmonary absorption process for poorly soluble inhaled drugs. A physiologically based biopharmaceutical in silico model was used to analyze the experimental IPL data and to estimate a dissolution parameter (K-ex vivo). A similar in silico approach was applied to in vitro dissolution data from the literature to obtain an in vitro dissolution parameter (Kin vitro). When FF, FP, and the larger particles of AZD5423 were administered as suspensions, drug dissolution was the rate-limiting step in the overall absorption process. However, this was not the case for budesonide, which has the highest aqueous solubility (61 mu M), and the smaller particles of AZD5423, probably because of the increased surface area available for dissolution (d50 = 1.2 mu m). The estimated dissolution parameters were ranked in accordance with the solubility of the drugs, and there was good agreement between k(ex vivo) and k(in vitro). The dry powders of all the compounds were absorbed more slowly than the suspensions, indicating that wetting is an important parameter for the dissolution of dry powders. A wetting factor was introduced to the in silico model to explain the difference in absorption profiles between the suspensions and dry powders where AZD5423 had the poorest wettability followed by FP and FF. The IPL model in combination with an in silico model is a useful tool for investigating pulmonary dissolution and improving understanding of dissolution-related parameters for poorly soluble inhaled compounds.
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| 4. |
- Jama, Asha, et al.
(författare)
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Design and implementation of tailored intervention to increase vaccine acceptance in a Somali community in Stockholm, Sweden - based on the Tailoring Immunization Programmes approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Public Health in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-5352. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Sweden has had a high and stable vaccination coverage for measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine (>96%) through the national immunization program (NIP), but coverage rates highlight local pockets of lower vaccination coverage. This project addressed low MMR vaccine acceptance among parents in a Somali community, in Stockholm. The objective of the intervention was to increase vaccine confidence and MMR-vaccine uptake and also to inform practices addressing vaccine acceptance. Study design: This paper describes the design and implementation of a multi-component intervention based on the Tailoring Immunization Programmes (TIP) approach, developed by the WHO European Regional Office. Methods: The theoretical underpinning of TIP is the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Model (COM-B model) and Behaviour Change Wheel framework (BCW), adapted for vaccination. The COM-model was used to identify barriers and drivers to vaccination and intervention types. The TIP-phases described in this paper are: pre-TIP (planning), three succeeding TIP phases (situational analysis, formative research, intervention design) and the post-TIP phase (implementation). Results: The situation analysis and formative research revealed that parents feared the MMR vaccine due to autism or that their child would stop talking following vaccination, despite lack of scientific evidence for an association between autism and MMR vaccines. Barriers were linked to their associated COM-B factors and mapped to appropriate intervention types for two target groups: Somali parents and nurses at the Child Health Centres (CHC). Selected intervention types targeting parents were education, persuasion and modelling whereas education and training were selected for CHC nurses. The intervention activities included community engagement for parents, while the activities for nurses focused on improving encounters and dialogue with parents having low vaccine acceptance. Following the intervention design the activities were developed, pilot tested and implemented. Conclusion: This study confirm that the TIP approach is valuable for guiding a stepwise working process for a thorough understanding of barriers and drivers for MMR vaccination among parents in this Somali community. It facilitated the design of a theory and evidence-informed intervention targeting parents and nurses.
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| 5. |
- Lewengard, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Feedback sessions
- 2016. - First edition.
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Ingår i: Taking a line for a walk. - Leipzig : Spector Books. - 9783959050814
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Lewengard, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Reference library
- 2016. - First edition.
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Ingår i: Taking a line for a walk. - Leipzig : Spector Books. - 9783959050814
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Lewengard, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Sketching gender
- 2016. - First edition.
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Ingår i: Taking a line for a walk. - Leipzig : Spector Books. - 9783959050814
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Lewengard, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Visual communication in higher education
- 2014
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Ingår i: Making change. - Göteborg : Nordicom, Göteborgs Universitet. - 9789187957000 ; , s. 127-131
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Rubin, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Intrathecal chemoprophylaxis after HSCT in children
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pediatric Transplantation. - : Wiley. - 1397-3142 .- 1399-3046. ; 12:8, s. 889-895
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At present, the literature on the efficacy and risks of i.t. chemotherapy to children after HSCT is scarce. Current practices to reduce the risk of leukemic relapse in the CNS after HSCT differ between centers of transplantation. We compared 74 patients (56 ALL/18 AML), who received i.t. therapy post-HSCT with 46 patients (36 ALL/10 AML) who did not receive post-HSCT i.t. therapy. The patients were transplanted at the University Children's Hospital, Uppsala or the Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, two Swedish transplantation units with different routines concerning i.t. therapy after HSCT. The primary end-point was the number of isolated CNS relapses. Secondary end-points were other types of relapse, death, and neurological complications. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of CNS relapses between the groups (p > 0.05). I.t. therapy did not reduce the overall incidence of isolated CNS relapse or mortality. Our study did not demonstrate a protective effect of i.t. therapy indicating that post-HSCT i.t. therapy may only be of limited use in the treatment of acute childhood leukemia. We conclude that with the risks present, i.t. therapy should be carefully evaluated, and only considered in high-risk cases.
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| 10. |
- Rubin, Johanna
(författare)
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Neurological complications after stem cell transplantation in children
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a well established method used in the treatment of a number of benign and malignant blood diseases, inborn errors of metabolism and severe congenital immunodeficiency syndromes. Around 60 children are transplanted in Sweden every year. Every HSCT carries a risk of different types of complications for the patient. As the success rate and survival after HSCT increases, the prevention of neurological complications and their long-term sequelae has particular significance in the paediatric patient group. Paper I describes the acute neurological complications after HSCT in144 paediatric patients transplanted between 1995 and 2002 at the Karolinska University Hospital- Huddinge. The group of 19 patients (13%) who suffered from neurological complications within three months after HSCT had an elevated risk of death within the first year after HSCT. An increasing number of positive herpesvirus serologies and CMV sero-positivity before HSCT as well as electrolyte-disturbances, high blood pressure and elevated bilirubin during the first three months after HSCT increased the risk of neurological complications. The most common complication was seizures and the most frequent causes of these complications were infection and encephalopathy. In several patients the exact aetiology of the complication could not be determined. Intrathecal chemotherapy is given as prophylaxis to high risk patients after HSCT to lower the risk of CNS relapse of malignant disease. The treatment increases the risk for acute and late onset neurological complications. However the need for this treatment is questioned as advances in primary oncologic treatment before HSCT has substantially decreased the risk for CNS relapse. In Paper II and III we retrospectively compared patients who received intrathecal therapy after HSCT to a group who was not given this treatment. The primary aim was to examine if there was a reduction in CNS relapses in the group given intrathecal chemoprophylaxis. In Paper II 120 patients transplanted 1992 to 2005 were included in the study. In Paper III 397 patients transplanted 1992 to 2006 were studied. Neither of the studies could identify a difference in the prevalence of CNS relapses, other types of relapses, mortality or a difference in the prevalence of neurological complications between the two groups. The study results have resulted in a revision of the clinical protocol for intrathecal chemoprophylaxis after HSCT in many centres. In Paper IV we addressed the fact that infections are a common cause of neurological complications after HSCT and that the exact cause of many complications are unknown. We aimed to study the prevalence and the clinical symptoms of CNS infections by human polyomavirus (HPyV) within a year after HSCT. We analysed retrospectively the CSF of 20 HSCT patients with neurological complications for five different HPyV; JC-, BK-, KI-, WU-, and MCPyV. JC- and BK-PyV are known neurotropic viruses discovered in the 1970`s. KI-, WU- and MCPyV are more recently discovered viruses where the neurotropic ability is not yet known. The PCR analyses of the 20 CSF-samples were negative for all the five viruses. More studies need to be done to determine the significance of the new HPyV in complications after HSCT. Conclusion: our studies have contributed with a small piece of knowledge in the struggle to prevent neurological complications after HSCT. Further research is though needed to identify additional risk factors and further improve treatment so that less neurotoxic treatments are needed.
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