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- Mangialasche, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Lymphocytic Mitochondrial Aconitase Activity is Reduced in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 44:2, s. 649-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Specific mechanisms behind the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis remain elusive. Mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) is a Krebs cycle enzyme sensitive to free radicalmediated damage. Objective: We assessed activity and expression of ACO2 extracted from blood lymphocytes of subjects with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), older adults with normal cognition (OCN, age >= 65 years), and younger adults with normal cognition (YCN, age < 65 years). Plasma levels and activities of antioxidants were also measured. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 28 subjects with AD, 22 with MCI, 21 OCN, and 19 YCN. ACO2 activity was evaluated in a subsample before and after in vitro exposure to free radicals. Results: ACO2 activity was significantly lower in AD and MCI cases than controls: ACO2 median activity was 0.64 +/- 0.21 U/mg protein for AD, 0.93 +/- 0.28 U/mg protein for MCI, 1.17 +/- 0.78 U/mg protein for OCN subjects, and 1.23 +/- 0.43 U/mg protein for YCN individuals. In subjects with AD and MCI, ACO2 expression was lower than OCN subjects, and ACO2 activity correlated with vitamin E plasma levels (rho: 0.64, p < 0.001) and Mini- Mental State Examination total score (rho: 0.82, p < 0.001). Furthermore, free radicals exposure reduced ACO2 activity more in individuals with AD than in OCN subjects. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ACO2 activity is reduced in peripheral lymphocytes of subjects with AD and MCI and correlates with antioxidant protection. Further studies are warranted to verify the role of ACO2 in AD pathogenesis and its importance as a marker of AD progression.
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| 2. |
- Ticinesi, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Uric acid and endothelial function in elderly community-dwelling subjects
- 2017
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Ingår i: Experimental Gerontology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0531-5565 .- 1873-6815. ; 89, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of serum uric acid (SUA), an inflammatory agent and potential mediator of cardiovascular diseases, in endothelial function (EF) has been tested only in middle-aged subjects affected by specific diseases. Our aim was to assess the relationship between SUA and measures of EF in a cohort of elderly community-dwellers. This study involved 424 males and 426 females aged 70years from the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS), having complete data on SUA and EF assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and by intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent vasodilation, EDV) and sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent vasodilation, EIDV). Univariate and multivariate regression models obtained by backward selection from initial fully-adjusted models were built to assess the relationship between SUA and measures of EF in both genders. Cardiovascular risk factors, serum hormonal and metabolic mediators, and body composition were considered as potential confounders. In the univariate model, SUA was inversely associated in both genders with log(EDV) (β±SE males -0.39±0.17, p=0.03; females -0.57±0.19, p=0.003) and log(EIDV) (males -0.23±0.12, p=0.05; females -0.49±0.15, p=0.002), but not with log(FMD). After adjustment for BMI, only the association between SUA and log(EIDV) in females persisted, though attenuated (-0.32±0.16, p=0.049), and was no longer significant in the fully-adjusted multivariate model including waist/hip ratio. In conclusion, in older subjects, especially women, SUA is associated with EF not independently of a list of confounders including BMI and trunk fat mass, suggesting a role as surrogate metabolic marker rather than an active player in EF.
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| 3. |
- Villani, Emanuele Rocco, et al.
(författare)
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Physical performance measures and hospital outcomes among Italian older adults : results from the CRIME project
- 2021
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 33, s. 319-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Older adults are a complex population, at risk of adverse events during and after hospital stay.Aim To investigate the association of walking speed (WS) and grip strength (GS) with adverse outcomes, during and after hospitalization, among older individuals admitted to acute care wards.Methods Multicentre observational study including 1123 adults aged >= 65 years admitted to acute wards in Italy. WS and GS were measured at admission and discharge. Outcomes were length-of-stay, in-hospital mortality, 1-year mortality and rehospitalisation. Length-of-stay was defined as a number of days from admission to discharge/death.Results Mean age was 81 +/- 7 years, 56% were women. Compared to patients with WS >= 0.8 m/sec, those unable to perform or with WS < 0.8 m/sec had a higher likelihood of longer length-of-stay (OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.63-4.03 and 2.42; 95% CI 1.55-3.79) and 1-year mortality and rehospitalization (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07-2.01; OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.04-2.37); those unable to perform WS had a higher likelihood of in-hospital mortality (OR 9.59; 95% CI 1.23-14.57) and 1-year mortality (OR 2.60; 95% CI 1.37-4.93). Compared to good GS performers, those unable to perform had a higher likelihood of in-hospital mortality (OR 17.43; 95% CI 3.87-28.46), 1-year mortality ( OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.37-4.93) and combination of 1-year mortality and rehospitalisation (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.01-2.12); poor GS performers had a higher likelihood of 1-year mortality (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.03-2.35); participants unable to perform GS had a lower likelihood of rehospitalisation (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.39-0.89).Conclusion Walking speed (WS) and grip strength (GS) are easy-to-assess predictors of length-of-stay, in-hospital and post-discharge death and should be incorporated in the standard assessment of hospitalized patients.
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| 4. |
- Zengarini, Elisa, et al.
(författare)
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Prognosis and Interplay of Cognitive Impairment and Sarcopenia in Older Adults Discharged from Acute Care Hospitals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0383. ; 8:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment are associated with an increased risk of negative outcomes, but their prognostic interplay has not been investigated so far. We aimed to investigate the prognostic interaction of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment concerning 12-month mortality among older patients discharged from acute care wards in Italy. Our series consisted of 624 patients (age = 80.1 +/- 7.0 years, 56.1% women) enrolled in a prospective observational study. Sarcopenia was defined following the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria. Cognitive impairment was defined as age- and education-adjusted Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 24 or recorded diagnosis of dementia. The study outcome was all-cause mortality during 12-month follow-up. The combination of sarcopenia and cognitive ability was tested against participants with intact cognitive ability and without sarcopenia. Overall, 159 patients (25.5%) were identified as having sarcopenia, and 323 (51.8%) were cognitively impaired. During the follow-up, 79 patients (12.7%) died. After adjusting for potential confounders, the combination of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment has been found associated with increased mortality (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.05-4.13). Such association was also confirmed after excluding patients with dementia (HR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.06-4.17), underweight (HR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.03-3.91), high comorbidity burden (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.09-6.32), and severe disability (HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.10-5.73). The co-occurrence of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may predict 1-year mortality in older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.
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