| 1. |
- Gottsäter, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy associated with carotid atherosclerosis in Type 2 diabetic patients.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1464-5491 .- 0742-3071. ; 20:6, s. 495-499
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo clarify if cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is associated with carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques in Type 2 diabetic patients. MethodsCardiovascular autonomic nerve function was related to carotid artery ultrasound in 61 Type 2 diabetic patients 5-6 years after diagnosis of diabetes. ResultsCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy [abnormal age corrected expiration/inspiration (E/I) ratio or acceleration index (AI)] was found in 13/61 (21%) patients. Patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy showed increased degree of stenosis in the common carotid artery (24.6 ± 13.2% vs. 14.7 ± 9.2%; P = 0.014) and a tendency towards a higher plaque score (4.0 ± 1.7 vs. 3.2 ± 1.6; P = 0.064). Controlled for age, AI correlated inversely with degree of stenosis (r = -0.39; P = 0.005), plaque score (r = -0.39; P = 0.005), and mean (r = -0.33; P = 0.018) and maximum (r = -0.39; P = 0.004) intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery. In contrast, E/I ratio correlated only slightly with mean intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery (r = -0.28; P = 0.049). ConclusionsCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy was associated with carotid atherosclerosis in Type 2 diabetic patients. Abnormal E/I ratios reflect efferent structural damage to parasympathetic nerves whereas abnormal AI reflects afferent autonomic dysfunction possibly due to impaired baroreceptor sensitivity secondary to carotid atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Måns, 1986-
(författare)
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Making Metal Making : Circulation and Workshop Practices in the Swedish Metal Trades, 1730–1775
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is concerned with the making of metal making. It explores how skills, knowledge, and artefacts were circulated and grounded within the Swedish metal trades during the period ca. 1730 to 1775. It also analyses how these processes were related to different ways of organising practices of work. The metal trades are referred to as comprising various forms of state-supported metal manufacturing outside the guild system. The focus is on finer metal making (finsmide), above all cutlery making. The first chapter discusses the theoretical and methodological approaches. Critical to the analysis are the terms strategies and tactics, which are used to approach the interplay of different ways of knowing and acting in everyday metal making. This is done related to a trajectorial method. The trajectories of state official Samuel Schröder and the Stockholm cutler Eric Engberg are centred, but I also explore one broader skills-trajectory: the ‘English way’ of making cutlery.Chapters 2 to 4 examine the strategic stage for metal making, focusing on the attempts made by the eighteenth-century Swedish state to order the domestic trades in line with ideas of an all-embracing division of labour. This development is investigated by discussing regulations, spatial mapping and supervision, as well as descriptions and ‘corrections’ of workshop practices. Chapters 5 to 7 highlight the interplay of strategies and tactics within a changing manufacturing ‘system’. Artisans’ journeys, the construction of workshops in Stockholm, and the introduction of piecework at provincial knife works during the 1750s and 1760s are explored. The discussion leads up to the founding of a ‘free town’ for metal-making artisans in Eskilstuna in 1771.The results of this dissertation add to Swedish research on early-modern metal making in a number of ways. Urban space and the connections between metal-making communities are highlighted. In doing this, emphasis is placed on how practices of work were shaped over time by the movements of people, artefacts, and materials. Most notably, the circulation, imitation, and local adaption of knowledge and skills within the metal trades are accentuated. These findings also connect to recent research concerned with manufacturing and knowledge-making in pre-industrial Europe.
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| 3. |
- Svensson Månsson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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ERK phosphorylation is linked to VEGFR2 expression and Ets-2 phosphorylation in breast cancer and is associated with tamoxifen treatment resistance and small tumours with good prognosis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - Basingstoke : Macmillan Press. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 24:27, s. 4370-4379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signalling mediates communication between growth factor receptors and the cell nucleus and has been linked to several key events in the transformation process such as proliferation and invasion. We therefore sought to delineate the degree of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in breast cancer and potential links to upstream receptors such as VEGFR2, ErbB2, downstream targets, such as Ets-2, as well as clinico-pathological parameters, clinical outcome and response to tamoxifen. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was assessed by immunohistochemistry using a phospho-specific ERK1/2 antibody in three breast cancer cohorts including a total of 886 tumours arranged in tissue arrays. Cohort I consisted of 114 patients, cohort II of 248 postmenopausal patients randomized to either 2 years of tamoxifen or no adjuvant treatment and cohort III of 524 patients. Surprisingly, ERK1/2 phosphorylation correlated inversely with tumour size. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 was further associated with the presence of VEGFR2 (cohorts II and III) and the degree of phosphorylated Ets-2, indicating in vivo, a signalling cascade from VEGFR2 via ERK1/2 to Ets-2 phosphorylation. Interestingly, ERK1/2 phosphorylation correlated with better survival in untreated patients independently of lymph-node status and tumour size indicating that ERK1/2 signalling might be associated with a less aggressive phenotype. Finally, patients with oestrogen receptor positive and ERK1/2 phosphorylated tumours also had an impaired tamoxifen response.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Arner, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of human adipose lipid turnover in health and metabolic disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 478:7367, s. 110-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adipose tissue mass is determined by the storage and removal of triglycerides in adipocytes(1). Little is known, however, about adipose lipid turnover in humans in health and pathology. To study this in vivo, here we determined lipid age by measuring (14)C derived from above ground nuclear bomb tests in adipocyte lipids. We report that during the average ten-year lifespan of human adipocytes, triglycerides are renewed six times. Lipid age is independent of adipocyte size, is very stable across a wide range of adult ages and does not differ between genders. Adipocyte lipid turnover, however, is strongly related to conditions with disturbed lipid metabolism. In obesity, triglyceride removal rate (lipolysis followed by oxidation) is decreased and the amount of triglycerides stored each year is increased. In contrast, both lipid removal and storage rates are decreased in non-obese patients diagnosed with the most common hereditary form of dyslipidaemia, familial combined hyperlipidaemia. Lipid removal rate is positively correlated with the capacity of adipocytes to break down triglycerides, as assessed through lipolysis, and is inversely related to insulin resistance. Our data support a mechanism in which adipocyte lipid storage and removal have different roles in health and pathology. High storage but low triglyceride removal promotes fat tissue accumulation and obesity. Reduction of both triglyceride storage and removal decreases lipid shunting through adipose tissue and thus promotes dyslipidaemia. We identify adipocyte lipid turnover as a novel target for prevention and treatment of metabolic disease.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Irregular walks and loops combines in small-scale movement of a soil insect : implications for dispersal biology
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-5193 .- 1095-8541. ; 231:2, s. 299-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of small-scale movement patterns of animals we may help to understand and predict movement at a larger scale, such as dispersal, which is a key parameter in spatial population dynamics. We have chosen to study the movement of a soil-dwelling Collembola, Protaphorura armata, in an experimental system consisting of a clay surface with or without physical obstacles. A combination of video recordings, descriptive statistics, and walking simulations was used to evaluate the movement pattern. Individuals were found to link periods of irregular walk with those of looping in ahomogeneous environment as well as in one structured to heterogeneity by physical obstacles. The number of loops varied between 0 and 44 per hour from one individual to another and some individuals preferred to make loops by turning right and others by turning left. P. armata spent less time at the boundary of small obstacles compared to large, presumably because of a lower probability to track the steepness of the curvature as the individual walks along a highly curved surface. Food deprived P. armata had amore winding movement and made more circular loops than those that were well fed. The observed looping behaviour is interpreted in the context of systematic search strategies and compared with similar movement patterns found in other species.
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical analysis of the influence of conspecifics on the dispersal of a soil collembola.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Theoretical Population Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0325 .- 0040-5809. ; 61:2, s. 97-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evidence for dispersal activity among soil-living invertebrates comes mainly from observations of their movement on artificial substrates or of colonisation of defaunated soils in the field. In an attempt to elucidate the dispersal pattern of soil collembolans in the presence of conspecifics, statistical analyses were undertaken to describe and simulate the movement of groups of Onychiurus armatus released in trays of homogeneous soil. A chi(2) test was used to reject the null hypothesis that individuals moved independently of each other and uniformly in all directions. The mean radial distance moved (1-2 cm day(-1)) and the radial standard deviation varied temporally and with the density of conspecifics. To capture the interaction between the moving individuals, four dispersal models (pure diffusion, diffusion with drift interaction, drift interaction and synchronised diffusion, and drift interaction and behavioural mood), were formulated as stochastic differential equations. The parameters of the models were estimated by minimising the deviance between the observed replicates and replicates that were simulated using the models. The dynamics of movement were best described by modelling the drift interaction as dependent on whether individuals were in a social or an asocial mood.
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| 9. |
- Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al.
(författare)
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Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
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| 10. |
- Berger, Karoline, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor co-expression of progranulin and sortilin as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The growth factor progranulin has been implicated in numerous biological processes such as wound healing, inflammation and progressive tumorigenesis. Both progranulin and its receptor sortilin are known to be highly expressed in subgroups of breast cancer and have been associated with various clinical properties including tamoxifen resistance. Recent data further suggest that progranulin, via its receptor sortilin, drives breast cancer stem cell propagation in vitro and increases metastasis formation in an in vivo breast cancer xenograft model. In this retrospective biomarker analysis, we aimed to determine whether tumor co-expression of progranulin and sortilin has prognostic and treatment predictive values for breast cancer patients. Methods We explored how co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was associated with established clinical markers by analyzing a tissue microarray including 560 randomized premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving either 2 years of tamoxifen treatment or no adjuvant treatment, with a median follow-up time of 28 years. Breast cancer-specific survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox Proportional Hazards regression models to assess the prognostic and predictive value of progranulin and sortilin in relation to known clinical markers. Results Co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was observed in 20% of the breast cancer samples. In untreated patients, prognostic considerations could be detailed separately from treatment prediction and the high progranulin and sortilin expressing subgroup was significantly associated with breast cancer-specific death in multivariable analyses (HR=2.188, CI: 1.317-3.637, p=0.003) along with tumor size, high tumor grade and lymph node positivity. When comparing the untreated patients with tamoxifen treated patients in the ER alpha positive subgroup, co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was not linked to tamoxifen resistance. Conclusion Data suggest that co-expression of progranulin and its receptor sortilin is a novel prognostic biomarker combination identifying a highly malignant subgroup of breast cancer. Importantly, this subpopulation could potentially be targeted with anti-sortilin based therapies.
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