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- Björkman, Ingeborg, et al.
(författare)
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Health promotion at Swedish pharmacies : views of the staff
- 2008
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Ingår i: Pharmacy Practice (Internet). - 1886-3655. ; 6:4, s. 211-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of pharmacy has changed dramatically during the last decades, which has led to new demands on pharmacy personnel. Objective: This study aims at exploring the attitudes of Swedish pharmacy personnel on their role as public health promoters and to look at the opportunities and obstacles they identify in the efforts to widen the pharmacy remit to include a wider health approach. Method Eight focus group discussions were conducted with a strategic sample of pharmacy personnel working in two counties in Sweden. The discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative inductive analysis. Results Five themes were identified, “Pharmacy activities impact on public health”, “The employer, Apoteket AB”, “The new role welcomed”, “Obstacles in the new role”, and “Need of change and support”. Conclusion The concept of pharmacy personnel as public health promoters was not initially in the mindset of the participants. In the process of discussion, the impact of traditional pharmacy practice as well as new pharmacy based initiatives on public health gradually became more obvious to them. The findings show a pharmacy staff involved in a process of change. The participants have not yet landed in their new role as public health promoters and the study shows that practical as well as conceptual support is needed in order for pharmacy personnel to play a more important role in public health.
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| 4. |
- Englund, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term variation of link strength in a simple benthic food web
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : British Ecological Society. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 77:5, s. 883-890
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The predatory isopod Saduria entomon (L.) and its amphipod prey Monoporeia affinis (Lindström) are key components of the food web in the northern Baltic Sea, together representing 80-90% of the macrobenthic biomass. We use 20 years of stomach content data for Saduria to investigate how diet dynamics affect the stability of the interaction between Saduria and Monoporeia.2. Consumption of the main prey, Monoporeia, fitted a type III functional response. Consumption rates of the most important alternative prey, mysids, were found to be unrelated to mysid densities but negatively related to the density of Monoporeia. The fit of consumption data to a model that assumes passive prey selection was poor. Thus we conclude that some form of active choice is involved.3. The effect of consumption of mysids, the alternative prey, on the stability of this system was investigated using a ‘one predator-two prey' model with stochastic environmental variation. Analysis of the model suggests that feeding on mysids leads to a decreased extinction risk for the predator, Saduria, and reduced density oscillations for both Saduria and its main prey, Monoporeia
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| 6. |
- Henriksson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Failed and successful intentional introductions of fish species into 821 Swedish lakes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0012-9658 .- 1939-9170. ; 97:5, s. 1364-1364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introductions of fish into lakes can be viewed as whole system experiments, which can be used to study the principles of community assembly and factors determining the outcome of species invasions. Freshwater fish species have been translocated by humans for centuries in Sweden, and this activity has been documented by national and regional authorities starting at the end of the 19th century. Based on this documentation and additional interviews with local fishermen, we have compiled a data set that includes 1157 intentional introductions of 26 freshwater fish species into 821 Swedish lakes. The data include both successful and failed introductions; where a successful introduction means that the introduced fish species was present in the lake for ≥20 yr or that reproduction was observed earlier than that. The oldest introduction is from 1658 and the latest from 2002. Additionally, the data set includes species composition, water temperature sum, maximum water temperature, lake area, elevation, longitude, and latitude for all lakes. These data have been used to test hypotheses about biotic resistance and invasion success in three papers. We found the presence or absence of specific species predicted invasion success better than the species richness of the lakes. We also found that species with high invasion success tend to make a large contribution to biotic resistance, which will make communities more resistant in the future as they are invaded by additional species.
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| 7. |
- Henriksson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Failed and successful introductions of fish species into 821 Swedish lakes
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introductions of fish into lakes can be viewed as whole system experiments, which can be used to study the principles of community assembly and factors determining the outcome of species invasions. Freshwater fish species have been translocated by humans for centuries in Sweden and this activity has been documented by national and regional authorities starting at the end of the 19th century. Based on this documentation and additional interviews with local fishermen we have compiled a dataset that includes 1158 introductions of 26 freshwater fish species into 821 Swedish lakes. The data includes both successful and failed introductions; where a successful introduction means that the introduced fish species was present in the lake for ≥20 years or that reproduction was observed earlier than that. The oldest introduction is from 1658 and the latest from 2002. Additionally, the dataset includes species composition, temperature sum, maximum temperature, lake area, elevation, longitude and latitude for all lakes. This data has been used to test hypotheses about biotic resistance and invasion success in three papers. We found the presence or absence of specific species predicted invasion success better than the species richness of the lakes. We also found that species with high invasion success tend to make a large contribution to biotic resistance, which will make communities more resistant in the future as they are invaded by additional species.
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| 8. |
- Hernefalk, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Inter-departmental variation in surgical treatment of proximal femoral fractures: A nationwide observational cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose Hip fractures should be treated based on the best available evidence and cost-effectively to optimize the outcome for this large group of frail patients. This study examined nationwide variation in surgical methods used for hip fractures. Methods In this cohort study 46,243 patients >= 65 years with a trochanteric hip fracture (THF) or a femoral neck fracture (FNF) registered in the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR) between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020 were included. Fractures were classified according to the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) fracture classification system. The choice of surgical methods was assessed for each fracture type to compare national variation. Results 21,312 THFs and 24,072 FNFs (67% women) with a mean age of 83 years (SD 8) were surgically treated. In the treatment of two-fragment THFs (AO/OTA A1) departments ranged from using 90% short intramedullary nails to 98% sliding hip screws. Treating displaced FNFs (AO/OTA B3), the proportion of hemiarthroplasty ranged from 9 to 90%, and internal fixation between 0.6 to 21%, depending on the department. Interpretation A mature national fracture register permits the monitoring of treatment provided and thus serves as an important aid in assessing compliance with guidelines. The large inter-departmental variation in the surgical management of hip fractures in Sweden appears unwarranted based on the current evidence, indicating a need for updated national guidelines. Further research will have to clarify the impact of this variation on mortality and re-operation rates.
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| 9. |
- Hubrich, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility and Functions of Central Venous Catheters versus Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter
- 2019
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Surgery. - 2689-0593. ; 3:2, s. 028-033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety, risk of complications and the functional feasibility among diff erent kinds of central venous access are still a matter of debate. Not many clinical trials have reported a comparison of complications and patency of CVCs versus Peripherally Inserted Catheters (PICC) as central venous access for indoor patients with advanced gastrointestinal disorder. The aim of the present study was to compare CVCs and PICCs regarding function, complications and convenience in a controlled clinical study on patients aimed for oncology surgery aimed for cure. Distributions of patients were comparable. Malignant diagnoses were signifi cantly higher among CVC-patients. CVCs and PICCs were used for treatment during equal number of days, without any signifi cant complication rates and with comparable number of days on antibiotics and other potent drugs. The overall cumulative hazard (risk) for treatment interruptions, due to either full-fi lled clinical indications or due to any complication among the subgroups of patients did not diff er. Central Venous Catheter and Peripheral Inserted Central Venous Catheter, for central venous access, did not diff er among consecutive unselected patients with serious gastro-intestinal disorders.
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