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- Sjöblom, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Melatonin-induced calcium signaling in clusters of human and rat duodenal enterocytes
- 2003
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1857 .- 1522-1547. ; 284:6, s. G1034-G1044
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The amount of melatonin present in enterochromaffin cells in the alimentary tract is much higher than that in the central nervous system, and melatonin acting at MT2 receptors mediates neural stimulation of mucosal HCO3- secretion in duodenum in vivo. We have examined effects of melatonin and receptor ligands on intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) signaling in human and rat duodenal enterocytes. Clusters of interconnecting enterocytes (10-50 cells) were isolated by mild digestion ( collagenase/dispase) of human duodenal biopsies or rat duodenal mucosa loaded with fura-2 AM and attached to the bottom of a temperature-controlled perfusion chamber. Clusters provided viable preparations and respond to stimuli as a syncytium. Melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists2-iodo-N-butanoyl-5-methoxytryptamine and 2-iodomelatonin (1.0-100 nM) increased enterocyte [Ca2+](i), EC50 of melatonin being 17.0 +/- 2.6 nM. The MT2 receptor antagonists luzindole and N-pentanoyl-2-benzyltryptamine abolished the [Ca2+](i) responses. The muscarinic antagonist atropine ( 1.0 muM) was without effect on basal [Ca2+](i) and did not affect the response to melatonin. In the main type of response, [Ca2+](i) spiked rapidly and returned to basal values within 4-6 min. In another type, the initial rise in [Ca2+](i) was followed by rhythmic oscillations of high amplitude. Melatonin-induced enterocyte [Ca2+](i) signaling as well as mucosal cell-to-cell communication may be involved in stimulation of duodenal mucosal HCO3- secretion.
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- Säfsten, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Serotonin increases protective duodenal bicarbonate secretion via enteric ganglia and a 5-HT4-dependent pathway
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 41:11, s. 1279-1289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Serotonin (5-HT) is present in much larger amounts in the gut than in the central nervous system and is predominantly synthesized and stored in mucosal enterochromaffin cells. Bicarbonate secretion by the duodenal mucosa is the major mechanism in maintaining mucosal integrity, neutralizing invading protons within the surface mucus gel. In this study the role of local 5-HT in the control of the protective secretion was investigated. Material and methods. A segment of proximal duodenum was perfused in situ in anaesthetized rats and the alkaline secretion was continuously recorded by pH-stat. Intracellular calcium signalling was measured in clusters of human and rat duodenal enterocytes devoid of neural tissue. After loading with the fluorescent probe, fura-2, the clusters were attached to the bottom of a temperature-controlled perfusion chamber. Results. Close intra-arterial infusion to the duodenal segment of 5-HT (20 - 200 nmol kg(-1) h(-1)) dose-dependently increased duodenal mucosal HCO3 secretion. A higher dose (2000 nmol kg(-1) h(-1)) did not further increase secretion. Responses were inhibited by the ganglionic blocker and nicotinic receptor antagonist hexamethonium, and were abolished by the 5-HT4 receptor antagonist SB 204070. The 5-HT3 antagonist tropisetron, in contrast, caused only slight inhibition. Viable human and rat duodenal enterocytes responded to 5-HT (100 - 500 nM) with an increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Pretreatment with SB 204070 or removal of external calcium abolished the response. Conclusions. Stimulation of the duodenal protective secretion by 5-HT thus involves receptors of the 5-HT4 subtype as well as nicotinic transmission, the myenteric plexus being a likely location. In addition, serotonin acts on enterocyte membrane receptors, inducing intracellular calcium signalling.
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