| 1. |
- Aspegren Kendall, Sally, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of body awareness programs in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome
- 2000
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Ingår i: Arthritis Care and Research. - 0893-7524 .- 1529-0123. ; 13:5, s. 304-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To compare in a pilot study the effect of two physical therapies, the Mensendieck system (MS) and body awareness therapy (BAT) according to Roxendal, in fibromyalgia patients and to investigate differences in effect between the two interventions. Methods. Twenty female patients were randomized to either MS or BAT in a program lasting 20 weeks. Evaluations were tender point examination and questionnaires, including visual analog scales (pain intensity at worst site, muscular stiffness, evening fatigue, and global health), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Quality of Life Scales, Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES), and disability before, immediately after, and at 6 and 18 months followup. Results. The BAT group had improved global health at 18 months followup, but lower results than the MS group. The MS group had improved FIQ, ASES other symptoms, and pain at worst site at 18 months followup. Conclusion. In the present pilot study, MS was associated with more positive changes than BAT.
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| 2. |
- Aspegren Kendall, Sally, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in sensory thresholds in the skin of women with fibromyalgia syndrome : A comparison between ketamine responders and ketamine non-responders
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain. - 1058-2452 .- 1540-7012. ; 11:2, s. 3-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To compare detection and pain thresholds in the skin of female fibromyalgia patients who were either ketamine responders or ketamine nonresponders.Methods: Detection thresholds to innocuous warmth, of cold, heat or cold pain, and touch and dynamic touch sensation were determined in the skin. Pressure pain thresholds, local and widespread pain intensity, and pain duration were also registered.Results: Ketamine nonresponse was associated with more pronounced hypersensitivity for thermal pain [especially cold pain] than ketamine response.Conclusions: Blockade of N-metyl-D-aspartic acid receptors by ketamine and the recording of pain thresholds in the skin, especially for cold pain, might reveal different mechanisms of allodynia.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Blomstrand, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Estimated clinical benefit of protecting neurogenesis in the developing brain during radiation therapy for pediatric medulloblastoma.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1523-5866 .- 1522-8517. ; 14:7, s. 882-889
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sought to assess the feasibility and estimate the benefit of sparing the neurogenic niches when irradiating the brain of pediatric patients with medulloblastoma (MB) based on clinical outcome data. Pediatric MB survivors experience a high risk of neurocognitive adverse effects, often attributed to the whole-brain irradiation that is part of standard management. Neurogenesis is very sensitive to radiation, and limiting the radiation dose to the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) may preserve neurocognitive function. Radiotherapy plans were created using 4 techniques: standard opposing fields, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT), and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Mean dose to the hippocampus and SVZ (mean for both sites) could be limited to 88.3% (range, 83.6%-91.0%), 77.1% (range, 71.5%-81.3%), and 42.3% (range, 26.6%-51.2%) with IMAT, IMRT, and IMPT, respectively, while maintaining at least 95% of the prescribed dose in 95% of the whole-brain target volume. Estimated risks for developing memory impairment after a prescribed dose of 23.4 Gy were 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21%-69%), 44% (95% CI, 21%-65%), 41% (95% CI, 22%-60%), and 33% (95% CI, 23%-44%) with opposing fields, IMAT, IMRT, and IMPT, respectively. Neurogenic niche sparing during cranial irradiation of pediatric patients with MB is feasible and is estimated to lower the risks of long-term neurocognitive sequelae. Greatest sparing is achieved with intensity-modulated proton therapy, thus making this an attractive option to be tested in a prospective clinical trial.
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| 5. |
- Brodin, N Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Hippocampal sparing radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma: impact of treatment margins and treatment technique.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neuro-oncology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1523-5866 .- 1522-8517. ; 16:4, s. 594-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWe investigated how varying the treatment margin and applying hippocampal sparing and proton therapy impact the risk of neurocognitive impairment in pediatric medulloblastoma patients compared with current standard 3D conformal radiotherapy.MethodsWe included 17 pediatric medulloblastoma patients to represent the variability in tumor location relative to the hippocampal region. Treatment plans were generated using 3D conformal radiotherapy, hippocampal sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and spot-scanned proton therapy, using 3 different treatment margins for the conformal tumor boost. Neurocognitive impairment risk was estimated based on dose-response models from pediatric CNS malignancy survivors and compared among different margins and treatment techniques.ResultsMean hippocampal dose and corresponding risk of cognitive impairment were decreased with decreasing treatment margins (P < .05). The largest risk reduction, however, was seen when applying hippocampal sparing proton therapy-the estimated risk of impaired task efficiency (95% confidence interval) was 92% (66%-98%), 81% (51%-95%), and 50% (30%-70%) for 3D conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and proton therapy, respectively, for the smallest boost margin and 98% (78%-100%), 90% (60%-98%), and 70% (39%-90%) if boosting the whole posterior fossa. Also, the distance between the closest point of the planning target volume and the center of the hippocampus can be used to predict mean hippocampal dose for a given treatment technique.ConclusionsWe estimate a considerable clinical benefit of hippocampal sparing radiotherapy. In choosing treatment margins, the tradeoff between margin size and risk of neurocognitive impairment quantified here should be considered.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- da Silva, Zacarias, et al.
(författare)
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Decline in human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 prevalence in urban areas of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: exploring the association with HIV infections.
- 2009
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Ingår i: AIDS. - 1473-5571. ; 23, s. 637-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2006, a cross-sectional survey of 384 randomly selected houses within a community-based follow-up study was conducted to assess the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) prevalence in Bissau. Changes in prevalence and incidence rates were assessed based on a similar survey carried out 10 years earlier. The prevalence of HTLV-1 declined significantly from 3.5% in 1996 to 2.3% in 2006. The incidence between 1996 and 2006 was only 0.9/1000 person-years and tended to be higher for women than for men.
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| 8. |
- da Silva, Zacarias J., et al.
(författare)
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Changes in prevalence and incidence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and dual infections in urban areas of Bissau, Guinea-Bissau : is HIV-2 disappearing?
- 2008
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Ingår i: AIDS. - London : Gower Academic Journals. - 0269-9370 .- 1473-5571. ; 22:10, s. 1195-1202
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To assess the changes in HIV prevalence and incidence between 1996 and 2006 in urban areas of Bissau.Design: A cross-sectional survey of 384 randomly selected houses within a community-based follow-up study of HIV-1 and HIV-2.Methods: A total of 3242 individuals aged at least 15 years were eligible for inclusion. Participants were interviewed about behavioral and socio-economic factors and had a blood sample drawn. A total of 2548 individuals were tested for antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2, of whom 649 had taken part in a similar survey in 1996.Results: With 0.5% HIV dual reactions included, the overall HIV-1 prevalence was 4.6% (118 out of 2548) and the HIV-2 prevalence was 4.4% (112 out of 2548). The prevalence of HIV-1 increased more for women than men especially in the 25-34-year age group. HIV-2 prevalence decreased below 45 years of age but not for individuals more than 45 years old. The incidence rate between 1996 and 2006 was 0.5 per 100 person-years for HIV-1 and 0.24 per 100 person-years for HIV-2. Compared with a previous period from 1987 to 1996, the incidence of HIV-2 is declining whereas no significant increase in the incidence of HIV-1 was observed.Conclusions: The present study shows an increasing prevalence of HIV-1 and a decreasing prevalence of HIV-2 in Guinea-Bissau. HIV is generally a bigger problem for women. Despite the general decline in prevalence, HIV-2 may continue as an infection in older people, especially women.
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| 9. |
- Feldmann Eellend, Beate, 1971-
(författare)
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Visionära planer och vardagliga praktiker : Postmilitära landskap i Östersjöområdet
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the years after WWII the Baltic Sea Area developed into an area strongly divided between East and West. Because of the tensions between the blocs, the coastal areas where strongly militarized and prepared for war.The new political situation after 1989 propelled an international military disarmament and closing down of bases, training areas around Europe. Since the Baltic Sea Area was one of the heaviest militarized part of Europe the question of disarmament here is of particularly great economic, social and cultural importance.This study is about the post-military landscape in the Baltic Sea Area with examples from Dejevo on the Estonian island Saaremaa, Dranske on the (East)German island Rügen and Fårösund on the Swedish island Gotland.The aim of this thesis is to shed light on the process where the military landscape of the Cold War is transformed in order to be incorporated in the macro-regional endeavors for unity in the new Europe. I want to analyze the implications that planning visions have on the everyday life of people. A following aim is to shed light on the challenges that urban planning has to face in this transformation. Three research questions frame the study. The first question analyzes the process where the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea after the end of the Cold War are disarmed and transformed, from a landscape of production of military services and objects into a landscape of consumption for recreation and tourism. The second question takes its point of departure in the relation between planning visions and everyday life. The third question concerns the matter of the past and analyzes what aspects of the military landscape are emphasized respectively pushed aside in the transformation into post-military landscape.The study is based on interviews with inhabitants and local planners as well as macro-regional and local planning documents, articles and photographs.
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| 10. |
- Forsgren, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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31P MRS as a Potential Biomarker for Fibromyalgia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Annaal Meeting & Exhibition, 5-11 May, Melbourne, Australia. ; , s. 1493-1493
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major clinical symptoms in fibromyalgia (FM) are muscle pain, stiffness and fatigue. Studies have shown reduced voluntary strength and exercise capacity, lower endurance and more muscular pain even at low workload. An impaired muscle energy metabolism has therefore been proposed as a result of the disease. An earlier study using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed that at maximal dynamic and static contractions the concentration of inorganic phosphate was lower in FM [1]. A decrease in ATP, ADP and PCr and an increase in AMP and creatine was found in FM biopsies [2]. The purpose of this study was to non-invasively analyze the quantitative content of phosphagens in the resting muscle in FM in comparison to healthy controls using 31P MRS of the quadriceps muscle.
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