| 1. |
- Nederfors, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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The relation between xerostomia and hyposalivation in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis or fibromyalgia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 26:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between xerostomia and hyposalivation in 100 subjects with either rheumatoid arthritis or fibromyalgia, and further, to evaluate the predictive value of xerostomia on hyposalivation. Unstimulated and chewing stimulated whole saliva was collected in the morning with the subjects in a strict fasting condition and then about 2 hours later, after intake of a standardised breakfast. All participants filled in a questionnaire, mainly dealing with xerostomia. Forty subjects demonstrated a pathological fasting unstimulated whole saliva secretion rate, the corresponding number for fasting stimulated secretion being 39. For unstimulated, but not for stimulated saliva, the fasting secretion rate was significantly lower than the non-fasting. Xerostomia was reported by 74 subjects, this group having significantly lower both unstimulated and stimulated secretion rates than the non-xerostomic group. On the individual level, the predictive value of xerostomia on hyposalivation showed high sensitivity but unsatisfactory specificity. In conclusion, this study underlines the importance of applying strictly standardised procedures when collecting saliva, and that fasting unstimulated whole saliva is the diagnostic salivary secretion of choice. Finally, xerostomia was found to predict hyposalivation on a group, but not on an individual level.
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| 2. |
- Persson, Lars-Olof, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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A structure of self-conceptions and illness conceptions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of psychosomatic research. - 0022-3999. ; 40:5, s. 535-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2 independent samples of RA patients, a large pool of self-reported illness experiences were statistically examined for content and structure of common types of self-conceptions and illness conceptions related to living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Multivariate analyses revealed 7 primary factors in both samples. Three constituted a positive continuum (fighting spirit, acceptance, revaluation), and 3 a negative (deprivation of life values, protest, reserved). The 7th factor (denial) was weaker and conceptually intermediate. The obtained factors contained many items similar to those in other established psychological instruments used in research on RA, but showed stronger relations to subjective well-being (mood) than any one of these. Disease indicators correlated only weakly with RA self-conceptions (RASC) and mood. The RASC factors appear to more broadly reflect different facets of positive and negative ways of individual experience of living with RA than other published instruments. They were tentatively interpreted as RA-specific expressions of dispositions towards positive and negative affect, respectively.
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| 3. |
- Persson, Lars-Olof, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological factors in chronic rheumatic diseases--a review. The case of rheumatoid arthritis, current research and some problems.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of rheumatology. - 0300-9742. ; 28:3, s. 137-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An overview of studies relating psychological factors to perceived well-being among Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients is presented. Most attention has been devoted to the perception of control, coping and the effects of cognitive distortions. The introduction of these constructs have advanced the understanding of psychological distress among RA patients, although they explain only a smaller part. One reason could be that they give an oversimplified picture of adjustment processes in chronic and disabling diseases. This may partly be because their development are based either on studies of depression in a psychiatric sense or on how healthy subjects manage stressful events in daily life. The results therefore have limited relevance for adjustment to a life-long, chronic illness like RA. Recent research has also suggested that personality dispositions, especially neuroticism, play a substantial role in all types of subjective experiences. Finally, some issues for future research are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Persson, Lars-Olof, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of negative illness cognitions and neuroticism on subjective symptoms and mood in rheumatoid arthritis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - 0003-4967. ; 61:11, s. 1000-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It was hypothesised that negative RA related illness cognitions are strongly related to the neuroticism trait and act as a common factor behind other self reported subjective symptoms (pain and ADL status), mood, and positive RA related illness cognitions; but are unrelated to objective indices of impairment (disease duration, C reactive protein (CRP), and joint stiffness). OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative influence of negative illness cognitions and neuroticism versus degree of impairment on subjective symptoms, positive illness cognitions, and mood in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Structural equation modelling analyses (LISREL) were performed on two independent samples of patients with RA consisting of 212 outpatients and 105 inpatients, respectively. RESULTS: The hypotheses were largely confirmed. Firstly, negative RA cognitions were found to be dependent on neuroticism. Secondly, negative RA cognitions had a strong and dominating influence on all other self reported data. Subjective symptoms were equally well explained by negative RA cognitions as by degree of impairment. No relations were found between negative RA cognitions (or neuroticism) and degree of impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that neuroticism, recognised as a relatively stable personality trait, strongly influences self rated symptoms and wellbeing in RA. This has important clinical implications concerning the use of standardised self rating questionnaires commonly used to assess illness status in RA and the long term effectiveness of psychological interventions and patient training courses in RA rehabilitation.
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