| 1. |
- Sahoo, Krushna Chandra, et al.
(författare)
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Climatic Factors and Community - Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections : A Time-Series Analysis Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 11:9, s. 8996-9007
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skin and soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (SA-SSTIs) including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have experienced a significant surge all over the world. Changing climatic factors are affecting the global burden of dermatological infections and there is a lack of information on the association between climatic factors and MRSA infections. Therefore, association of temperature and relative humidity (RH) with occurrence of SA-SSTIs (n = 387) and also MRSA (n = 251) was monitored for 18 months in the outpatient clinic at a tertiary care hospital located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Time-series analysis was used to investigate the potential association of climatic factors (weekly averages of maximum temperature, minimum temperature and RH) with weekly incidence of SA-SSTIs and MRSA infections. The analysis showed that a combination of weekly average maximum temperature above 33 °C coinciding with weekly average RH ranging between 55% and 78%, is most favorable for the occurrence of SA-SSTIs and MRSA and within these parameters, each unit increase in occurrence of MRSA was associated with increase in weekly average maximum temperature of 1.7 °C (p = 0.044) and weekly average RH increase of 10% (p = 0.097).
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| 2. |
- Gour, Priyanka, et al.
(författare)
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Experience of Elderly People Regarding the Effect of Yoga/Light Exercise on Sedentary Behavior : A Longitudinal Qualitative Study in Madhya Pradesh, India
- 2020
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Ingår i: Geriatrics. - : MDPI. - 2308-3417. ; 5:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is set on the background of a randomized control trial (RCT) in which intervention was carried to observe the effects of yoga/light exercise on the improvement in health and well-being among the elderly population. A longitudinal qualitative study was conducted as part of RCT interventions to explore the experience of the elderly practicing yoga/light exercise in relation to sedentary behavior in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Participants of the RCT were selected for this study. Eighteen focus group discussions were conducted-six during each phase of RCT interventions (before, during, and after). The findings regarding motivating and demotivating factors in various phases of intervention were presented in three categories: experience and perception of the effects of yoga/light exercise on sedentary behavior (1) before, (2) during, and (3) after intervention. This study explores the positive effect of yoga/light exercise on sedentary behavior and subjective well-being on the elderly population. They were recognized to have undergone changes in their physical and emotional well-being by consistently practicing yoga/light exercise. The main driving factors were periodic health check-ups and the encouragement of qualified trainers without any cost. This study concludes with the notion that these interventions should be encouraged in the community to use physical exercise as a method to better control the physical and social effects of aging.
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| 3. |
- Kalyanasundaram, Madhanraj, et al.
(författare)
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Composition analysis (pick analysis) of waste generated from household: A pilot study in Ujjain city, India
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - 2405-8440. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waste segregation is an essential function in improving waste management. Waste segregation not only facilitates recycling and reduces waste going to landfills, rather it can benefit our environment and human in various ways. A pick analysis of waste composition is used to characterize the household waste stream and thus can analyze the segregation rate among the residents. In addition, it can measure the actual waste sorting behaviour at the household/community level. The objective of the study was to assess feasibility of a large-scale waste composition study, identify methodological and operational challenges, and estimate the resources needed to conduct the main waste composition study in order to obtain and get indicative figures about waste generation, composition, and miss-sorted proportions. The study team went door-to-door to collect waste in colour coded bags. We also collected the socio-demographic data of the households. The collected waste was weighed and segregated to analyze the waste composition. The analysis was done among 45 households, and it was found that the per capita waste generation per day is 0.25 kg (0.24 kg from slum and 0.27 kg from non-slum). Challenges identified in conducting waste composition study were lack of standard waste fraction classifications, difficulty in recruitment of personnel to conduct study due to social taboo around waste, challenge in co-coordinating with Ujjain Municipal Corporation waste collection vehicle for collection of waste. 53 household activities were completed in 5 and half hours with INR 24685 (USD 300.5). Pick analysis could be adopted by the Ujjain Municipal Corporation after cost effective analysis to generate precise estimate of waste generation, resource recovery, efficient resource allocation and will help in future interventions and informed policy decision making to improve segregation.
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| 4. |
- Krishnan, Kavya, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility assessment of crowdsourcing slogans for promoting household waste segregation in India: a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Crowdsourcing is an emerging technique to engage or access a wider set of experts and multiple stakeholders through online platforms, which might effectively be employed in waste management. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility of the crowdsourcing method to provide an alternative approach that can improve household waste segregation using an “online-slogan-contest”.Methods: The contest was promoted via targeted emails to various governmental and non-governmental organizations and through social media platforms for around 4 weeks (25 days). The entries were received through a Google form. The slogans were assessed by the experts and analyzed using content analysis methods.Results: Total 969 entries were received from different geographic regions in India. Of that, 456 were in English and 513 in Hindi. Five themes of waste segregation emerged from the received slogans: (1) Community awareness, responsibility, and support, (2) Significance of household waste segregation, (3) Use of separate dustbins, (4) Health and well-being, and (5) Environment and sustainability.Discussion: Crowdsourcing approaches can be used by local authorities for improving waste management approaches and are recommended as these involve a wider audience within a short time frame. Moreover, this approach is flexible and integrating crowdsourcing approaches strengthens our understanding of existing waste management activities.
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| 5. |
- Sahoo, Krushna Chandra
(författare)
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Antibiotic resistance and environmental factors : focusing on the situation in Odisha, India
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria is a major challenge to global public health. The environment has a significant impact on health and infectious diseases; however, there is a lacuna of information on the relationship between the environment and antibiotic resistance. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the relationship between antibiotic resistance and environmental components. Methods: This study was conducted in Odisha, India. In Paper I, eight focus group discussions and ten individual interviews among community members without any healthcare background, and in Paper II, 24 interviews among healthcare professionals: allopathic doctors, veterinarians and drug dispensers from two different environmental settings were conducted. In Paper III, studies were conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from samples of children’s stool, cow-dung and drinking water from two geographical regions: non-coastal (230 households) and coastal (187 households). Paper IV investigated the association of temperature and relative humidity with occurrence of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs, n=590), Staphylococcus aureus associated skin infections (SA-SSTIs, n=387) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, n=251) during a period of 18 months in case of outpatients in a tertiary care hospital in Bhubaneswar. Findings: Participants perceived a relationship between environmental factors, infectious diseases and antibiotic use and resistance. It was perceived that behavioural and social environmental factors, i.e. patients’ non-compliance with antibiotic use, irrational prescription by informal as well as trained healthcare providers and overthe- counter availability of antibiotics are the major contributors for antibiotic resistance development. It was also perceived that natural and physical environmental factors are associated with the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance (Paper I & II). When quantitative studies were conducted, it was found that the overall prevalence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolated from children’s stool, cow-dung and drinking water was higher in the non-coastal than the coastal environment (Paper III). In Paper IV it was revealed that the maximum temperature above 33°C and minimum temperature above 24°C coinciding with relative humidity between 55% to 78% is a favourable combination for the occurrence of SSTIs, SA-SSTIs and MRSA infections; this combination of temperature and relative humidity is observed during late summer in Odisha. Conclusions: Although behavioural and social environmental factors are major contributors to resistance development; natural and physical environmental factors also influence antibiotic resistance development. There was geographical variation in antibiotic resistance. It was also evident that climatic factors have influence on skin and soft-tissue infections and resistant bacteria. There is a need for further research on the influence of natural and physical factors on antibiotic resistance development and for education, information dissemination and proper implementation and enforcement of legislation at all levels of the drug delivery and disposal system in order to improve antibiotic use and minimise resistance development.
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| 6. |
- Sahoo, Krushna Chandra, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of Household Waste Segregation Behaviour in Urban Community in Ujjain, India : A Framework Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Waste segregation practices must be socially acceptable, affordable, context-specific, and participatory, which is essential for promoting waste segregation. Therefore, this study explored the urban community members’ motivation, opportunity, and household waste segregation ability. We performed a qualitative study in Ujjain city, India. Ten focus group discussions and eight in-depth interviews were conducted with female and male household members in residential and slum areas. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and translated. We used the thematic framework technique using the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability-Behaviour theory for analysis. Three themes were constructed: motivation, where household members are motivated to sort waste yet fear the consequences of improper sorting; ability, where household waste segregation is rapidly gaining acceptance as a social norm; and opportunities, involving convenient facilities and a social support system for household members towards waste segregation. This study contributes to developing a knowledge base on waste segregation behaviour and a repertoire to facilitate evidence-based management and policymaking. There is a need for educational intervention and women’s self-help groups’ involvement to develop community orientation and waste segregation literacy. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of all three behavioural change components, i.e., motivation, opportunity, and ability, in managing sustainable waste segregation practices.
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