| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Harada, N., et al.
(författare)
-
The ALCHEMI Atlas: Principal Component Analysis Reveals Starburst Evolution in NGC 253
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series. - 1538-4365 .- 0067-0049. ; 271:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular lines are powerful diagnostics of the physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). These ISM properties, which affect future star formation, are expected to differ in starburst galaxies from those of more quiescent galaxies. We investigate the ISM properties in the central molecular zone of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the ultrawide millimeter spectral scan survey from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Large Program ALCHEMI. We present an atlas of velocity-integrated images at a 1.″6 resolution of 148 unblended transitions from 44 species, including the first extragalactic detection of HCNH+ and the first interferometric images of C3H+, NO, and HCS+. We conduct a principal component analysis (PCA) on these images to extract correlated chemical species and to identify key groups of diagnostic transitions. To the best of our knowledge, our data set is currently the largest astronomical set of molecular lines to which PCA has been applied. The PCA can categorize transitions coming from different physical components in NGC 253 such as (i) young starburst tracers characterized by high-excitation transitions of HC3N and complex organic molecules versus tracers of on-going star formation (radio recombination lines) and high-excitation transitions of CCH and CN tracing photodissociation regions, (ii) tracers of cloud-collision-induced shocks (low-excitation transitions of CH3OH, HNCO, HOCO+, and OCS) versus shocks from star formation-induced outflows (high-excitation transitions of SiO), as well as (iii) outflows showing emission from HOC+, CCH, H3O+, CO isotopologues, HCN, HCO+, CS, and CN. Our findings show these intensities vary with galactic dynamics, star formation activities, and stellar feedback.
|
|
| 5. |
- Karoly, Janik, et al.
(författare)
-
The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Studying the Complex Magnetic Field of L43
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 952:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present observations of polarized dust emission at 850 mu m from the L43 molecular cloud, which sits in the Ophiuchus cloud complex. The data were taken using SCUBA-2/POL-2 on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as a part of the BISTRO large program. L43 is a dense (N-H2 similar to 10(22) - 10(23) cm(-2)) complex molecular cloud with a submillimeter-bright starless core and two protostellar sources. There appears to be an evolutionary gradient along the isolated filament that L43 is embedded within, with the most evolved source closest to the Sco OB2 association. One of the protostars drives a CO outflow that has created a cavity to the southeast. We see a magnetic field that appears to be aligned with the cavity walls of the outflow, suggesting interaction with the outflow. We also find a magnetic field strength of up to similar to 160 +/- 30 mu G in the main starless core and up to similar to 90 +/- 40 mu G in the more diffuse, extended region. These field strengths give magnetically super- and subcritical values, respectively, and both are found to be roughly trans-Alfvenic. We also present a new method of data reduction for these denser but fainter objects like starless cores.
|
|
| 6. |
- Mumford, Paige, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic Mapping of APP and Amyloid-β Biology Modulation by Trisomy 21.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. - 1529-2401. ; 42:33, s. 6453-6468
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals who have Down syndrome (DS) frequently develop early onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition caused by the buildup of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau proteins in the brain. Aβ is produced by amyloid precursor protein (APP), a gene located on chromosome 21. People who have DS have three copies of chromosome 21 and thus also an additional copy of APP; this genetic change drives the early development of AD in these individuals. Here we use a combination of next-generation mouse models of DS (Tc1, Dp3Tyb, Dp(10)2Yey and Dp(17)3Yey) and a knockin mouse model of Aβ accumulation (AppNL-F ) to determine how chromosome 21 genes, other than APP, modulate APP/Aβ in the brain when in three copies. Using both male and female mice, we demonstrate that three copies of other chromosome 21 genes are sufficient to partially ameliorate Aβ accumulation in the brain. We go on to identify a subregion of chromosome 21 that contains the gene(s) causing this decrease in Aβ accumulation and investigate the role of two lead candidate genes, Dyrk1a and Bace2 Thus, an additional copy of chromosome 21 genes, other than APP, can modulate APP/Aβ in the brain under physiological conditions. This work provides critical mechanistic insight into the development of disease and an explanation for the typically later age of onset of dementia in people who have AD in DS, compared with those who have familial AD caused by triplication of APP SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Trisomy of chromosome 21 is a commonly occurring genetic risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has been previously attributed to people with Down syndrome having three copies of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene, which is encoded on chromosome 21. However, we have shown that an extra copy of other chromosome 21 genes modifies AD-like phenotypes independently of APP copy number (Wiseman et al., 2018; Tosh et al., 2021). Here, we use a mapping approach to narrow down the genetic cause of the modulation of pathology, demonstrating that gene(s) on chromosome 21 decrease Aβ accumulation in the brain, independently of alterations to full-length APP or C-terminal fragment abundance and that just 38 genes are sufficient to cause this.
|
|
| 7. |
- Peralta-Maraver, Ignacio, et al.
(författare)
-
The riverine bioreactor : An integrative perspective on biological decomposition of organic matter across riverine habitats
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 772
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Riverine ecosystems can be conceptualized as 'bioreactors' (the riverine bioreactor) which retain and decompose a wide range of organic substrates. The metabolic performance of the riverine bioreactor is linked to their community structure, the efficiency of energy transfer along food chains, and complex interactions among biotic and abiotic environmental factors. However, our understanding of the mechanistic functioning and capacity of the riverine bioreactor remains limited. We review the state of knowledge and outline major gaps in the understanding of biotic drivers of organic matter decomposition processes that occur in riverine ecosystems, across habitats, temporal dimensions, and latitudes influenced by climate change. We propose a novel, integrative analytical perspective to assess and predict decomposition processes in riverine ecosystems. We then use this model to analyse data to demonstrate that the size-spectra of a community can be used to predict decomposition rates by analysing an illustrative dataset. This modelling methodology allows comparison of the riverine bioreactors performance across habitats and at a global scale. Our integrative analytical approach can be applied to advance understanding of the functioning and efficiency of the riverine bioreactor as hotspots of metabolic activity. Application of insights gained from such analyses could inform the development of strategies that promote the functioning of the riverine bioreactor across global ecosystems.
|
|
| 8. |
- Pestoff, Victor, et al.
(författare)
-
Co-production of health and elder care : cooperative models in Japan
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Health and elder care in most developed countries faces a complex and partly contradictory mix of financial, social and political challenges. Fiscal strains combined with New Public Management agendas have caused severe cutbacks and calls for greater efficiency in public and elder health care, resulting in a growing concern about service quality. The purpose of this project is to explore a possibility to address these issues from a new perspective that emphasizes greater user participation, based on the idea that the patients and clients can play a more active part in the provision of their own care services. This project proposes to explore how health and elder care services can be provided when professionals and patients/clients act as ‘partners’ and where the two parties co-produce the service through their mutual contributions. Institutions that promote a multi-stakeholder dialog between the staff and clients and those that enrich the work environment can also facilitate better service quality. Japan has a unique health care system with not just one, but two user-owned cooperative health care providers that also provide elder care to their members. Together, these two co-op health care systems have nearly 50,000 hospital beds (or about 5 % of total beds). However, they probably differ from each other and from public hospitals and ‘nonprofit’ hospitals or Medical Corporations (Iryo hojin) in terms of the social values they promote. Their social values will be reflected in their governance model, their relations with the staff and the relations between the staff, the patients and volunteers. This project aims to collect unique empirical data from patients, medical professionals and volunteers at nine different cooperative hospitals across Japan and compare it with similar data from two public or nonprofit hospitals. It will produce an extensive and rich material describing how the health care cooperatives in Japan organize their care according to the principle of co-production, but also in which kind of organizational setting this is possible.
|
|
