| 1. |
- Morokuma, Tomoki, et al.
(författare)
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Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS) : Survey strategy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0004-6264. ; 66:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- lThe Kiso Supernova Survey (KISS) is a high-cadence optical wide-field supernova (SN) survey. The primary goal of the survey is to catch the very early light of a SN, during the shock breakout phase. Detection of SN shock breakouts combined with multi-band photometry obtained with other facilities would provide detailed physical information on the progenitor stars of SNe. The survey is performed using a 2 degrees.2 x 2 degrees.2 field-of-view instrument on the 1.05-m Kiso Schmidt telescope, the Kiso Wide Field Camera (KWFC). We take a 3-min exposure in g-band once every hour in our survey, reaching magnitude g similar to 20-21. About 100 nights of telescope time per year have been spent on the survey since 2012 April. The number of the shock breakout detections is estimated to be of the order of 1 during our three-year project. This paper summarizes the KISS project including the KWFC observing setup, the survey strategy, the data reduction system, and CBET-reported SNe discovered so far by KISS.
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| 2. |
- Tanaka, Masaomi, et al.
(författare)
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DISCOVERY OF DRAMATIC OPTICAL VARIABILITY IN SDSS J1100+4421 : A PECULIAR RADIO-LOUD NARROW-LINE SEYFERT 1 GALAXY?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - 2041-8205 .- 2041-8213. ; 793:2, s. L26-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our discovery of dramatic variability in SDSS J1100+4421 by the high-cadence transient survey Kiso Supernova Survey. The source brightened in the optical by at least a factor of three within about half a day. Spectroscopic observations suggest that this object is likely a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1) at z = 0.840, however, with unusually strong narrow emission lines. The estimated black hole mass of similar to 10(7) M-circle dot implies bolometric nuclear luminosity close to the Eddington limit. SDSS J1100+4421 is also extremely radio-loud, with a radio loudness parameter of R similar or equal to 4 x 10(2)-3 x 10(3), which implies the presence of relativistic jets. Rapid and large-amplitude optical variability of the target, reminiscent of that found in a few radio- and gamma-ray-loud NLS1s, is therefore produced most likely in a blazar-like core. The 1.4 GHz radio image of the source shows an extended structure with a linear size of about 100 kpc. If SDSS J1100+4421 is a genuine NLS1, as suggested here, this radio structure would then be the largest ever discovered in this type of active galaxies.
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| 3. |
- Morokuma, Tomoki, et al.
(författare)
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OISTER optical and near-infrared monitoring observations of peculiar radio-loud active galactic nucleus SDSSJ110006.07+442144.3
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0004-6264. ; 69:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present monitoring campaign observations at optical and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths for a radio-loud active galactic nucleus (AGN) at z = 0.840, SDSSJ110006.07+442144.3 (hereafter, J1100+4421), which was identified during a flare phase in late 2014 February. The campaigns consist of three intensive observing runs from the discovery to 2015 March, mostly within the scheme of the OISTER collaboration. Optical-NIR light curves and simultaneous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are obtained. Our measurements show the strongest brightening in 2015 March. We found that the optical-NIR SEDs of J1100+4421 show an almost steady shape despite the large and rapid intranight variability. This constant SED shape is confirmed to extend to similar to 5 mu m in the observed frame using the archival WISE data. Given the lack of absorption lines and the steep power-law spectrum of alpha(upsilon) similar to -1.4, where f(v) proportional to v(alpha upsilon), synchrotron radiation by a relativistic jet with no or small contributions from the host galaxy and the accretion disk seemsmost plausible as an optical-NIR emission mechanism. The steep optical-NIR spectral shape and the large amplitude of variability are consistent with this object being a low.peak jet-dominated AGN. In addition, sub-arcsecond resolution optical imaging data taken with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam does not show a clear extended component and the spatial scales are significantly smaller than the large extensions detected at radio wavelengths. The optical spectrum of a possible faint companion galaxy does not show any emission lines at the same redshift, and hence a merging hypothesis for this AGN-related activity is not supported by our observations.
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| 4. |
- Proletov, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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Primary and secondary glomerulonephritides 1.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 29 Suppl 3:May, s. 186-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Dahlberg, Carl, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Geometrically necessary dislocation density measurements associated with different angles of indentations
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of plasticity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-6419 .- 1879-2154. ; 54, s. 81-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experiments and numerical simulations of various angles of wedge indenters into face-centered cubic single crystal were performed under plane strain conditions. In the experiments, the included angles of indenters are chosen to be 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees and they are indented into nickel single crystal into the < 00 (1) over bar > direction with its tip parallel to < 1 1 0 > direction, so that there are three effective in-plane slip systems on (1 1 0) plane. Indenters are applied 200 mu m in depth. The midsection of the specimens is exposed with a wire Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) and the in-plane lattice rotations of the region around the indented area are calculated from the crystallographic orientation maps obtained from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurement. No matter which angles of indenters are applied, the rotation fields are very similar. There is a strong lattice rotation discontinuity on the line below the indenter tip. The magnitude of the lattice rotation ranges from -20 degrees to 20 degrees. Lower bounds on the Geometrically Necessary Dislocation (GND) densities are also calculated and plotted. The numerical simulations of the same experimental setup are performed. The simulation results of lattice rotation and slip rates are plotted and compared with the experimental result. There is high correlation between the experimental result and the numerical result.
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| 6. |
- Harada, Yuki, et al.
(författare)
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Deep Entry of Low-Energy Ions Into Mercury's Magnetosphere : BepiColombo Mio's Third Flyby Observations
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 129:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although solar wind-driven convection is expected to dominate magnetospheric circulation at Mercury, its exact pattern remains poorly characterized by observations. Here we present BepiColombo Mio observations during the third Mercury flyby indicative of convection-driven transport of low-energy dense ions into the deep magnetosphere. During the flyby, Mio observed an energy-dispersed ion population from the duskside magnetopause to the deep region of the midnight magnetosphere. A comparison of the observations with backward test particle simulations suggests that the observed energy dispersion structure can be explained in terms of energy-selective transport by convection from the duskside tail magnetopause. We also discuss the properties and origins of more energetic ions observed in the more dipole-like field regions of the magnetosphere in comparison to previously reported populations of the plasma sheet horn and ring current ions. Additionally, forward test particle simulations predict that most of the observed ions on the nightside will precipitate onto relatively low-latitude regions of the nightside surface of Mercury for a typical convection case. The presented observations and simulation results reveal the critical role of magnetospheric convection in determining the structure of Mercury's magnetospheric plasma. The upstream driver dependence of magnetospheric convection and its effects on other magnetospheric processes and plasma-surface interactions should be further investigated by in-orbit BepiColombo observations. BepiColombo Mio observed low-energy dense ions deep within Mercury's magnetosphere during the third Mercury flyby Backward test particle simulations suggest that low-energy ions are transported by convection from the duskside tail magnetopause Forward test particle simulations imply convection-driven ion precipitation onto the nightside low-latitude surface of Mercury
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| 7. |
- Masese, Titus, et al.
(författare)
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Honeycomb-Layered Oxides With Silver Atom Bilayers and Emergence of Non-Abelian SU(2) Interactions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Science. - : Wiley. - 2198-3844 .- 2198-3844. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Honeycomb-layered oxides with monovalent or divalent, monolayered cationic lattices generally exhibit myriad crystalline features encompassing rich electrochemistry, geometries, and disorders, which particularly places them as attractive material candidates for next-generation energy storage applications. Herein, global honeycomb-layered oxide compositions, Ag2M2TeO6 ((Formula presented.).) exhibiting (Formula presented.) atom bilayers with sub-valent states within Ag-rich crystalline domains of Ag6M2TeO6 and (Formula presented.) -deficient domains of (Formula presented.) ((Formula presented.)). The (Formula presented.) -rich material characterized by aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy reveals local atomic structural disorders characterized by aperiodic stacking and incoherency in the bilayer arrangement of (Formula presented.) atoms. Meanwhile, the global material not only displays high ionic conductivity but also manifests oxygen-hole electrochemistry during silver-ion extraction. Within the (Formula presented.) -rich domains, the bilayered structure, argentophilic interactions therein and the expected (Formula presented.) sub-valent states ((Formula presented.), etc.) are theoretically understood via spontaneous symmetry breaking of SU(2)× U(1) gauge symmetry interactions amongst 3 degenerate mass-less chiral fermion states, justified by electron occupancy of silver (Formula presented.) and 5s orbitals on a bifurcated honeycomb lattice. This implies that bilayered frameworks have research applications that go beyond the confines of energy storage.
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| 8. |
- Namba, Shinichi, et al.
(författare)
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Common germline risk variants impact somatic alterations and clinical features across cancers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 83:1, s. 20-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregation of genome-wide common risk variants, such as polygenic risk score (PRS), can measure genetic susceptibility to cancer. A better understanding of how common germline variants associate with somatic alterations and clinical features could facilitate personalized cancer prevention and early detection. We constructed PRSs from 14 genome-wide association studies (median n = 64,905) for 12 cancer types by multiple methods and calibrated them using the UK Biobank resources (n = 335,048). Meta-analyses across cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 7,965) revealed that higher PRS values were associated with earlier cancer onset and lower burden of somatic alterations, including total mutations, chromosome/arm somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA), and focal SCNAs. This contrasts with rare germline pathogenic variants (e.g., BRCA1/2 variants), showing heterogeneous associations with somatic alterations. Our results suggest that common germline cancer risk variants allow early tumor development before the accumulation of many somatic alterations characteristic of later stages of carcinogenesis.SIGNIFICANCE: Meta-analyses across cancers show that common germline risk variants affect not only cancer predisposition but the age of cancer onset and burden of somatic alterations, including total mutations and copy-number alterations.
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| 9. |
- Sasaki, Takema, et al.
(författare)
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Confined-microtubule assembly shapes three-dimensional cell wall structures in xylem vessels
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Properly patterned deposition of cell wall polymers is prerequisite for the morphogenesis of plant cells. A cortical microtubule array guides the two-dimensional pattern of cell wall deposition. Yet, the mechanism underlying the three-dimensional patterning of cell wall deposition is poorly understood. In metaxylem vessels, cell wall arches are formed over numerous pit membranes, forming highly organized three-dimensional cell wall structures. Here, we show that the microtubule-associated proteins, MAP70-5 and MAP70-1, regulate arch development. The map70-1 map70-5 plants formed oblique arches in an abnormal orientation in pits. Microtubules fit the aperture of developing arches in wild-type cells, whereas microtubules in map70-1 map70-5 cells extended over the boundaries of pit arches. MAP70 caused the bending and bundling of microtubules. These results suggest that MAP70 confines microtubules within the pit apertures by altering the physical properties of microtubules, thereby directing the growth of pit arches in the proper orientation. This study provides clues to understanding how plants develop three-dimensional structure of cell walls.
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