| 1. |
- Hollander, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Serum and bronchial lavage fluid concentrations of IL-8, SLPI, sCD14 and sICAM-1 in patients with COPD and asthma
- 2007
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3064 .- 0954-6111. ; 101:9, s. 1947-1953
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Airway inflammation is associated with an increased expression and release of inflammatory reactants that regulate processes of cell migration, activation and degranulation. The purpose of this study was to quantify bronchial lavage (BAL) fluid and serum levels of chemokine (IL-8), secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), soluble intracellular adhesion molecules-1 (sICAM-1) and sCD14, as surrogate markers of inflammatory and immune response in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with similar disease duration time. Methods: Biomarkers in serum and BAL fluid from asthma (n = 13) and COPD (n = 25) patients were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Results: We found that in asthma and COPD groups the concentrations of IL-8 and SLPI are significantly higher in BAL fluid than in serum, while levels of sICAM-1 and sCD14 in BAL fluid are significantly lower than in serum. Of these 4 measured biomarkers, only the BAL IL-8 was higher in COPD patients when compared to asthma (P < 0.05). In both groups, BAL IL-8 correlated with SLPI (r = 0.577, P < 0.01 and r = 0.589, P < 0.05, respectively). In patients with COPD the BAL sICAM-1 correlated with sCD14 (r = 0.576, P < 0.01), while in asthma patients BAL sICAM-1 correlated with FEV,/FVC (r= 0.418, P < 0.01). Moreover, in asthma patients the serum SLPI correlated with sCD14 (r=0.688, P < 0.01) and serum sICAM-1 negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC (r= -0.582, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings point to the importance of selecting a correct biological fluid when analyzing specific biomarkers, and also show that of 4 measured biomarkers, only the BAL IL-8 was higher in COPD patients when compared to asthma. 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Krisiukeniene, Algirda, et al.
(författare)
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Smoking affects eotaxin levels in asthma patients.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-4303. ; 46:5, s. 470-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic airway inflammation is most important pathological finding in asthma. Cigarette smoking may modify type of inflammation as well as may influence disease severity and response to the treatment. OBJECTIVE: Thus the aim of this study was to investigate whether cigarette smoking may have an influence on the levels of eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, eotaxin-3 and IL-5 in patients with stable mild/moderate asthma. METHODS: 45 steroid naive asthmatics (mean age: 55.2 +/- 2.2 yrs) and 23 "healthy" smokers and non-smokers control subjects (mean age: 54.4 +/- 9.7 yrs) were investigated. Asthmatics were divided into two subgroups according to their smoking histories: asthmatic smokers (n = 19) who currently smoke and have a history of > 10 pack-years and asthmatic never-smokers (n = 26). BAL and induced sputum were performed. Cytospins of induced sputum and BAL were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa for differential cell counts. Eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, eotaxin-3 and IL-5 concentrations in serum, sputum and BAL supernatant was measured using a commercial ELISA kit. RESULTS: In sputum supernatant from asthma smokers was significantly higher concentration of eotaxin-1 than in non-smokers asthmatics (203.4 +/- 10.0 vs. 140.2 +/- 9.5 respectively, p < 0.05). In non-smokers asthma patients levels of BAL eotaxin-1 strongly related to percent and absolute numbers of BAL eosinophils and neutrophils (Rs = 0.737 and Rs = 0.514 respectively, p < 0.05). The number and percent of sputum neutrophils and eosinophils, obtained from smokers asthmatics, significantly correlated with eotaxin-2 concentration in sputum supernatant (Rs = 0.58 and Rs = 0.75 respectively, p < 0.05). IL-5 levels in the serum and sputum from asthmatic never-smokers were significantly higher than they were from asthmatic smokers and "healthy" smokers. Asthmatic never-smokers showed a significantly higher amount of IL-5 in serum and sputum than the asthmatic smokers showed. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the elevated levels of sputum eotaxin-1 as well as serum, sputum and BAL eotaxin-2 in asthmatic smokers without a significant increase of eosinophils compared to asthmatic never-smokers. The eotaxin concentrations were related not only with number of eosinophils but also with the number of neutrophils in all the studied tissue compartments. The data herein permits a suggestion that smoking may influence change in asthmatic airway inflammation by stimulating the production of eotaxins.
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| 3. |
- Sitkauskiene, Brigita, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in Lithuanian patients with COPD
- 2008
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3064 .- 0954-6111. ; 102:11, s. 1654-1658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alphal-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an under-diagnosed condition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of the present screening was to estimate the AAT gene frequency and prevalence and to identify AAT deficiency cases in a large cohort of Lithuanian patients with COPD. Methods: A nationwide program of AAT deficiency was conducted in 1167 COPD patients, defined according to the GOLD criteria. Patients were collected from outpatient clinics in five different Lithuanian regions (Kaunas, Vilnius, Siauliai, Klaipeda and Alytus). AAT serum concentrations were measured by nephelometry; PI-phenotypes characterized by isoelectric-focusing. Results: Mean age and FEV1 were 62.0 (10.3) and 54.7% (10.9), respectively. Ninety-one AAT deficiency genotypes (40 MZ, 39 MS, 1 SS, 3 SZ and 8 ZZ) were identified. Catculated PI*S and PI*Z frequencies, expressed in per 1000, were 18.8 (95% CI: 13.9-25) and 25.3 (95% CI: 19.4-32.7), respectively. The calculated AAT gene prevalence (Hardy-Weinberg principle) was: 1/1.09 for MM, 1/28 for MS, 1/2814 for SS, 1/20 for MZ, 1/1049 for SZ and 1/1565 for ZZ. Calculated Odds ratio (OR) for PI*Z in COPD vs. Lithuanian healthy people was of 1.87 (P = 0.004). Conclusion: The OR for each genotypic class demonstrated a significant increase of MZ, SZ and ZZ genotypes in COPD patients. The results of the present study, with a significant number of ZZ individuals detected, support the general concept of targeted screening for AAT deficiency in countries like Lithuania, with a large population of COPD patients and tow awareness among care-givers about this genetic condition. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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